A(n) ________ VMS consists of independent firms at different levels of production and distribution, integrating their programs on a contractual basis to obtain more economies or sales impact than they could achieve alone.
A) administered
B) contractual
C) corporate
D) regulated
E) referent

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

A contractual VMS is a voluntary arrangement between independent firms to integrate their programs on a contractual basis. The other types of VMS (administered, corporate, regulated, referent) involve a more centralized ownership or control structure.

A(n) ________ VMS Consists of Independent Firms at Different Levels