Question 1

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Enlarged thyroid gland

Accepted Answer

An enlarged thyroid gland is known as goiter.

Answer: B 
 Osteoporosis is a condition where bones become weak and brittle.

Answer: C 
 Hypoglycemia is a condition where there is low blood sugar.

Answer: D 
 Hyperglycemia is a condition where there is high blood sugar.

Answer: E 
 Negative feedback is a type of response where the output of a system inhibits the activity of the system to maintain stability.

Question 2

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Produced or arising from within a cell or organism itself

Accepted Answer

Endogenous refers to something that is produced or arising from within a cell or organism itself.

Answer: B
 Exogenous refers to something that comes from outside of the cell or organism.

Answer: C
 Replacement therapy is a medical treatment that involves replacing or supplementing a deficient or missing substance in the body, such as a hormone or enzyme.

Answer: D
 A tropic hormone is a hormone that stimulates the secretion of another hormone, typically by acting on a specific endocrine gland.

Answer: E
 The target organ is the organ or tissue that is affected by a particular hormone or other signaling molecule.

Question 3

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Decreased blood glucose level

Accepted Answer

Hypoglycemia refers to a decreased blood glucose level, often caused by excess insulin or inadequate glucose intake. The other options have different meanings: goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland, osteoporosis is a loss of bone density, hyperglycemia is an increased blood glucose level, and negative feedback is a mechanism by which a system is regulated by reducing its output in response to a stimulus.

Question 4

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the production of another hormone; also known as a stimulating hormone

Accepted Answer

A tropic hormone is a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the production of another hormone.

Answer: E
 A target organ is an organ or tissue that responds to a specific hormone.

Answer: A
 Endogenous refers to hormones that are produced within an organism's body.

Answer: B
 Exogenous refers to hormones that are introduced from outside the organism's body, such as through medication or supplementation.

Answer: C
 Replacement therapy involves administering a hormone to replace one that is deficient or not being produced in sufficient quantities by the body.

Question 5

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that is primarily involved in the regulation of fluids and electrolytes through actions on ion transport and the renal tubules

Accepted Answer

Mineralocorticoid is the hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that is primarily involved in the regulation of fluids and electrolytes through actions on ion transport and the renal tubules.

Question 6

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Control mechanism in which a stimulus produces a response that reverses or reduces a previous stimulation, thereby stopping the initial response

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback is the control mechanism in which a stimulus produces a response that reverses or reduces a previous stimulation, thereby stopping the initial response. Goiter (A) refers to an enlarged thyroid gland. Osteoporosis (B) is a condition in which bones become weak and brittle. Hypoglycemia (C) refers to low blood sugar levels, while hyperglycemia (D) refers to high blood sugar levels.

Question 7

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Increased blood glucose level

Accepted Answer

Hyperglycemia refers to high levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood. This can occur in conditions such as diabetes or after eating a large meal with high carbohydrate content.

Question 8

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Originating outside an organ or part

Accepted Answer

Exogenous refers to something that originates from outside an organism or system. In the context of medicine or biology, it often describes substances, influences, or infections that come from outside the body or a part of the body.

Question 9

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that protects against stress and is used in protein and carbohydrate metabolism

Accepted Answer

Glucocorticoid is a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that protects against stress and is used in protein and carbohydrate metabolism. 
Answer: D
 Mineralocorticoid is a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that regulates electrolyte and water balance in the body. 
Answer: E
 Steroid hormones are a type of hormone made from cholesterol and include hormones like testosterone, estrogen, and cortisol.

Question 10

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Pathologic reduction in bone mass

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis is a pathologic reduction in bone mass.

Question 11

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-Therapeutic replacement of lost body substances

Accepted Answer

Replacement therapy is the therapeutic replacement of lost body substances.

Question 12

Match the following terms with their descriptions below.
-The site to which the effects of a drug, hormone, or therapeutic agent are primarily directed

Accepted Answer

Target organ is the site to which the effects of a drug, hormone, or therapeutic agent are primarily directed.

Quiz 20: Endocrine System Disorders

Match the following terms with their descriptions below. -Enlarged thyroid gland

Match the following terms with their descriptions below. -Produced or arising from within a cell or organism itself

Match the following terms with their descriptions below. -Decreased blood glucose level

Match the following terms with their descriptions below. -Hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the production of another hormone; also known as a stimulating hormone

Match the following terms with their descriptions below. -Hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that is primarily involved in the regulation of fluids and electrolytes through actions on ion transport and the renal tubules

Match the following terms with their descriptions below. -Control mechanism in which a stimulus produces a response that reverses or reduces a previous stimulation, thereby stopping the initial response

Match the following terms with their descriptions below. -Increased blood glucose level

Match the following terms with their descriptions below. -Originating outside an organ or part

Match the following terms with their descriptions below. -Hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that protects against stress and is used in protein and carbohydrate metabolism

Match the following terms with their descriptions below. -Pathologic reduction in bone mass

Match the following terms with their descriptions below. -Therapeutic replacement of lost body substances

Match the following terms with their descriptions below. -The site to which the effects of a drug, hormone, or therapeutic agent are primarily directed