Question 1

A person with a high-fat-to-muscle ratio will metabolize ______ than a person of the same weight with a lower fat-to-muscle ratio.

Accepted Answer

A person with a high-fat-to-muscle ratio will have a lower metabolic rate because fat tissue has a lower metabolic activity compared to muscle tissue. This means they will metabolize food more slowly than a person of the same weight with a lower fat-to-muscle ratio.

Question 2

In her efforts to lower her calorie intake, Alisha puts down her utensils between bites, takes smaller bites, chews thoroughly, savors each bite, and takes a break during the meal. Her efforts are examples of ______.

Accepted Answer

Alisha's actions of putting down her utensils between bites, taking smaller bites, chewing thoroughly, savoring each bite, and taking a break during the meal all contribute to slowing down the pace of eating behavior, which can help to reduce calorie intake.

Question 3

The gland that triggers the hunger drive when cells reach a critical level of fat deficiency is the ______.

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus is the gland responsible for regulating hunger and satiety. When cells reach a critical level of fat deficiency, the hypothalamus is triggered to stimulate hunger in the body, leading to increased food intake. The pineal gland is responsible for regulating sleep-wake cycles, the thalamus is responsible for relaying sensory information, and the thyroid gland regulates metabolism. None of these glands are specifically responsible for triggering the hunger drive.

Question 4

Controlling internal and external stimuli, avoiding powerful triggers, response prevention, using competing responses, and chain breaking are all listed in your text as ways to ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Controlling internal and external stimuli, avoiding powerful...

Question 5

Harry has a BMI of 22. According to the National Institutes of Health, he is ______.

Accepted Answer

According to the National Institutes of Health, a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 is considered normal weight. Therefore, Harry with a BMI of 22 falls under the normal weight category.

Question 6

Harry has a BMI of 28. According to the National Institutes of Health, he is ______.

Accepted Answer

According to the National Institutes of Health, a BMI between 25 and 29.9 is considered overweight. Therefore, Harry with a BMI of 28 falls under the category of overweight.

Question 7

Heredity plays _____ role in obesity.

Accepted Answer

Heredity plays a central role in obesity, as genetic factors can significantly influence an individual's propensity to gain weight. Studies have shown that genetics can affect metabolism, fat storage, and hormonal controls, making some individuals more susceptible to obesity than others.

Question 8

In her efforts to lower her calorie intake, Yvette now uses smaller plates, stays out of the kitchen as much as possible, shops from a list (and sticks to it), and pays attention only to her own plate while eating. These efforts are examples of ______.

Accepted Answer

Yvette's efforts to use smaller plates, stay out of the kitchen, and shop from a list are all ways of controlling external stimuli, or the environmental factors that influence her eating habits. Paying attention only to her own plate while eating could also be seen as a way of controlling external stimuli by avoiding distractions. None of these efforts involve competing responses or chain breaking, and while controlling internal stimuli (such as emotions or thoughts) can be an important aspect of weight management, it does not seem to be the focus of Yvette's current strategy.

Question 9

Units of food energy, expressing the ability to raise temperature or give off body heat, are called ______.

Accepted Answer

Units of food energy are called calories. Nutrients, carbohydrates, and vitamins are all important components of food, but they are not specifically units of energy.

Question 10

After Santa Claus, ______ is the most widely recognized character among children.

Accepted Answer

The answer of After Santa Claus, ______ is the most...

Question 11

Harry has a BMI of 31. According to the National Institutes of Health, he is ______.

Accepted Answer

According to the National Institutes of Health, a BMI of 30 or more is considered as obese. Therefore, Harry, with a BMI of 31, is considered obese.

Question 12

Cells that store fat are called ______.

Accepted Answer

Adipose tissue is the tissue that stores fat in the body. Choice A, connective tissues, is a general group of tissues that includes adipose tissue but also includes bone, cartilage, and blood. Choice B, glial cells, are a type of cell in the nervous system that support and protect neurons. Choice D, epidermal tissue, is the outermost layer of skin in animals.

Question 13

Obese people have ______ than nonobese people.

Accepted Answer

Obese individuals have more adipose cells compared to nonobese individuals. This is because adipose tissue, which is responsible for storing fat, expands by increasing the size of existing adipose cells and by producing new adipose cells. As a person gains weight over time, the number of adipose cells in their body also increases.

Question 14

Compared to normal-weight people, formerly obese people have ______ adipose cells and tend to feel food-deprived ______.

Accepted Answer

Formerly obese people have more adipose cells, which can shrink in size during weight loss but do not decrease in number. They also tend to feel food-deprived sooner because their bodies are biologically driven to regain the lost weight, partly due to changes in hormones and metabolism that influence hunger and satiety.

Question 15

In his efforts to lower his calorie intake, Shaun, when hungry, stuffs his mouth with celery rather than ice cream, eats premade low-calorie snacks instead eating peanuts or candy, or tries jogging instead of eating a snack. His efforts are examples of ______.

Accepted Answer

Shaun's efforts to substitute low-calorie options for high-calorie ones and engage in alternative behaviors (like jogging) to avoid snacking are examples of using competing responses, which involves replacing a targeted behavior (in this case, consuming high-calorie snacks) with an alternative response that is incompatible with the problematic behavior. This technique can be effective for behavior change, as it directly addresses the problematic behavior and provides a concrete alternative for the person to engage in instead.

Question 16

In his efforts to lower his calorie intake, Ed shops from a list, shops quickly and doesn't browse, doesn't shop when hungry, and treats the supermarket like enemy territory. His efforts are examples of ______.

Accepted Answer

Ed's efforts to modify his shopping behavior by using a list, shopping quickly and not browsing, and treating the supermarket like enemy territory are all examples of modifying his environmental cues to make it easier for him to make healthier choices and avoid temptation. This is a common strategy in behavior change interventions. Competing responses involve replacing an undesired behavior with a more desirable one, controlling internal stimuli involves managing emotions or urges that may lead to undesired behavior, and chain breaking involves breaking the sequence of events that lead to undesired behavior.

Question 17

In his efforts to lower his calorie intake, Julius practices meditation when feeling tense rather than turning to food, and refuses to bury disturbing feelings in a box of cookies or a carton of ice cream. His efforts are examples of ______.

Accepted Answer

Julius is controlling internal stimuli, which refers to regulating one's own internal thoughts, feelings, and emotions in order to change behavior. In this case, he is using meditation to address his emotional state without turning to food for comfort.

Question 18

In his efforts to lower his calorie intake, Dan keeps fattening foods out of the house and prepares only enough food to remain within the restrictions of his diet. These efforts are examples of ______.

Accepted Answer

Dan's actions are focused on controlling external stimuli by keeping fattening foods out of the house and preparing only enough food to remain within the restrictions of his diet. This is an example of modifying the environment to support his behavior change.

Question 19

In her efforts to lower her calorie intake, Sharon eats only in the dining area of her house and refuses to let herself eat while studying or watching television. These efforts are examples of ______.

Accepted Answer

By only allowing herself to eat in the dining area of her house, Sharon is controlling external stimuli, such as the environment in which she eats. She is not necessarily controlling internal stimuli, competing responses, or using chain breaking techniques in this scenario.

Question 20

People on diets and those who have lost substantial amounts of weight burn ______ calories and their metabolic rates ______.

Accepted Answer

When people lose weight, their bodies require fewer calories to function, which means they burn fewer calories at rest. This is because there is less body mass to support, which leads to a slower metabolism. Therefore, the correct answer is A) fewer, slow down.

Quiz 5: Developing More Healthful Behavior