Question 1

The idea that sleep allows the brain and body to restore depleted chemical resources and eliminate wastes is known as the __________ theory of sleep.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The idea that sleep allows the brain...

Question 2

Which of the following areas demonstrates changes in neuronal activity during sleep?
A) Cerebellum
B) Reticular formation
C) Amygdala
D) Hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

The reticular formation is a network of neurons that plays a key role in regulating arousal and sleep-wake cycles. During sleep, the activity of the reticular formation decreases, resulting in a decrease in arousal and an increase in slow-wave sleep. The other areas listed may also show changes in activity during sleep, but the reticular formation is the most directly involved in regulating sleep-wake cycles.

Question 3

What happens to a vertebrate animal if it is prevented from sleeping?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What happens to a vertebrate animal if...

Question 4

Describe 3 positive physiological effects of meditation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe 3 positive physiological effects of meditation....

Question 5

In opening-up approaches to meditation, a person seeks to clear his or her mind to receive new experiences.

Accepted Answer

Opening-up approaches to meditation typically involve letting go of thoughts, emotions, and distractions to create a receptive state for new experiences.

Question 6

How much years of an average person's life are spent sleeping?
A) 15 years
B) 20 years
C) 25 years
D) 30 years

Accepted Answer

On average, a person spends about one-third of their life sleeping, which translates to approximately 25 years if the average lifespan is around 75 years.

Question 7

"Ommmm," Janeesa chants to focus her attention while meditating. Janeesa is using a(n) ________, reflecting a(n) _________ approach to meditation.
A) mantra; opening-up
B) mantra; concentrative
C) koan; concentrative
D) koan; opening-up

Accepted Answer

Janeesa is using a mantra, which involves focusing on a repetitive sound or phrase, indicating a concentrative approach to meditation.

Question 8

During concentrative meditation, a person actively concentrates on an object, word, or idea called a(n) __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During concentrative meditation, a person actively concentrates...

Question 9

Meditation is a technique designed to _____ awareness of the outer world, and ______ awareness of one's inner state.
A) increase / increase
B) decrease / increase
C) increase / decrease
D) decrease / decrease

Accepted Answer

Meditation typically involves decreasing awareness of the outer world to increase awareness of one's inner state, promoting relaxation and self-awareness.

Question 10

Meditation is associated with increases in the type of brain waves characteristic of the relaxed state experienced immediately before falling asleep - namely, ______ waves.
A) alpha
B) beta
C) delta
D) theta

Accepted Answer

The answer of Meditation is associated with increases in the...

Question 11

Which of the following is a well known koan or riddle used to achieve a meditative state?
A) "Hmmm"
B) "What is the sound of one hand clapping?"
C) "Who am I?"
D) "Release the things that hinder my soul."

Accepted Answer

"What is the sound of one hand clapping?" is a well-known koan in Zen Buddhism. It is used to challenge the mind and help achieve a meditative state by forcing the practitioner to contemplate something seemingly impossible, and in doing so, let go of rational thinking and enter a state of awareness beyond words and concepts.

Question 12

No consensus exists within the scientific community as to why sleep is necessary.

Accepted Answer

Although there are many theories, there is no single agreed-upon explanation for why sleep is necessary.

Question 13

The adrenal gland releases growth hormones during sleep.

Accepted Answer

The adrenal gland does not release growth hormones, but rather the pituitary gland releases growth hormones during sleep.

Question 14

Most prominently, meditation is associated with the Buddhist and the _______ religions.
A) Confucian
B) Muslim
C) Hindu
D) Shinto

Accepted Answer

Meditation has roots in Hinduism, and the practice has been incorporated into Buddhism as well. Confucianism, Islam, and Shintoism do not place as much emphasis on meditation in their religious practices.

Question 15

How do proponents of the adaptive theory of sleep explain the functionality of sleep?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How do proponents of the adaptive theory...

Question 16

Recall how severe pain is often treated using hypnosis on the one hand, and how it is frequently alleviated through meditation on the other. When hypnotized, individuals _______ their pain. When meditating, they _________ their pain.
A) attend to; also attend to
B) attend to; ignore
C) ignore; attend to
D) ignore; also ignore

Accepted Answer

When hypnotized, individuals are often guided to ignore their pain, focusing their mind elsewhere. In contrast, meditation practices frequently involve attending to the pain, acknowledging it without judgment to reduce its impact.

Question 17

What is one of the greatest appeals of meditation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is one of the greatest appeals...

Question 18

With respect to meditation, word is to riddle as _______ is to _______.
A) opening-up approach; concentrative approach
B) concentrative approach; opening-up approach
C) mantra; koan
D) koan; mantra

Accepted Answer

The answer of With respect to meditation, word is to...

Question 19

The idea that sleep is the evolutionary outcome of self-preservation describes the __________ theory of sleep.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The idea that sleep is the evolutionary...

Question 20

Leanne is meditating. She is imagining herself as another person. Leanne is taking a(n) ________ approach to meditation.
A) yogic
B) opening-up
C) koanic
D) concentrative

Accepted Answer

Leanne is taking an opening-up approach to meditation because she is imagining herself as another person, which involves opening up her consciousness to different perspectives and experiences. Yogic meditation focuses on physical postures and breath control, koanic meditation involves contemplating a paradoxical riddle, and concentrative meditation involves focusing on a single object or thought.

Quiz 6: Consciousness

The idea that sleep allows the brain and body to restore depleted chemical resources and eliminate wastes is known as the __________ theory of sleep.

Which of the following areas demonstrates changes in neuronal activity during sleep?

What happens to a vertebrate animal if it is prevented from sleeping?

Describe 3 positive physiological effects of meditation.

In opening-up approaches to meditation, a person seeks to clear his or her mind to receive new experiences.

How much years of an average person's life are spent sleeping?

"Ommmm," Janeesa chants to focus her attention while meditating. Janeesa is using a(n) , reflecting a(n) _ approach to meditation.

During concentrative meditation, a person actively concentrates on an object, word, or idea called a(n) __________.

Meditation is a technique designed to _ awareness of the outer world, and __ awareness of one's inner state.

Meditation is associated with increases in the type of brain waves characteristic of the relaxed state experienced immediately before falling asleep - namely, ______ waves.

Which of the following is a well known koan or riddle used to achieve a meditative state?

No consensus exists within the scientific community as to why sleep is necessary.

The adrenal gland releases growth hormones during sleep.

Most prominently, meditation is associated with the Buddhist and the _______ religions.

How do proponents of the adaptive theory of sleep explain the functionality of sleep?

Recall how severe pain is often treated using hypnosis on the one hand, and how it is frequently alleviated through meditation on the other. When hypnotized, individuals _ their pain. When meditating, they ___ their pain.

What is one of the greatest appeals of meditation?

With respect to meditation, word is to riddle as _ is to _.

The idea that sleep is the evolutionary outcome of self-preservation describes the __________ theory of sleep.

Leanne is meditating. She is imagining herself as another person. Leanne is taking a(n) ________ approach to meditation.