Question 1

You are about to play a game and can choose one that is either very easy,moderately difficult,or very difficult.If you are high in need achievement,you will probably choose

Accepted Answer

Individuals high in need achievement tend to seek moderate levels of challenge. Choosing a moderately difficult game provides enough challenge to satisfy their need for achievement, while also offering the possibility of success. Choosing a very easy game may not provide enough of a challenge, and choosing a very difficult game may result in failure and discouragement.

Question 2

A student believes that the most important goal in school is to avoid doing more poorly than others in the class.According to achievement goal theory,this belief reflects

Accepted Answer

The belief that the most important goal in school is to avoid doing more poorly than others in the class reflects a performance-avoidance goal. This type of goal is focused on avoiding negative evaluation, such as performing worse than peers, rather than striving for success or improvement (mastery goals).

Question 3

According to Schachter's two-factor theory of arousal,to maximize your date's attraction to you the best place to go on a first date would be:

Accepted Answer

According to Schachter's two-factor theory of arousal, both physical arousal and cognitive interpretation are necessary for emotions to be experienced. In this case, riding rollercoasters at a theme park would provide the physical arousal, while the excitement and thrill associated with it can be interpreted as attraction towards the person you are on a date with. This can create a positive association between the two people and increase the attraction felt towards each other.

Question 4

You are in a state of arousal known as the fight-or-flight response.Your heart rate has increased and more blood is being pumped to the hands and feet.According to theorists such as Ekman,the emotion you are experiencing is

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are in a state of arousal...

Question 5

If you wanted to design a new drug that makes people feel full and stop eating,or at least,eat smaller meals,you might consider stimulating the release of

Accepted Answer

CCK, or cholecystokinin, is a hormone released by the small intestine in response to the presence of food. It helps to regulate appetite by signaling feelings of fullness and reducing food intake. Therefore, stimulating the release of CCK would be a logical approach to designing a drug that promotes feelings of fullness and reduces overeating. The other options, such as ghrelin and neuropeptide Y, are associated with stimulating appetite rather than reducing it. Ach, or acetylcholine, is a neurotransmitter involved in many different functions in the body, but is not specifically associated with appetite regulation. CTA, or conditioned taste aversion, is a type of learning where a person or animal learns to avoid a food that has made them feel sick in the past, but is not a direct physiological mechanism for appetite control.

Question 6

Sexual desire in both men and women is primarily influenced by

Accepted Answer

Androgens, such as testosterone, are the primary influence on sexual desire in both men and women.

Question 7

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the nature of emotion?

Accepted Answer

Emotional display rules vary significantly across cultures, dictating how emotions should be expressed in different social contexts. These rules are not consistent worldwide, as cultural norms influence the expression and suppression of emotions.

Question 8

Professor M.decides to allow students to choose their own style of evaluation in her course.As a result of this,students feel an enhanced emotional bond to Professor M.and even to the university.According to self-determination theory,this is because

Accepted Answer

According to the self-determination theory, autonomy or the feeling of control over one's actions is one of the three basic psychological needs. Giving students the option to choose their own style of evaluation increases their sense of autonomy, which in turn leads to an increased sense of relatedness or emotional bond with Professor M. and the university. This bond comes from a sense of belonging and feeling free to express oneself, which are fundamental to human motivation and well-being in the context of education.

Question 9

Serena really wants to buy a new MacBook Air.She loves the design and the fact that Macs are easy to use.However,they are also very expensive.She does not know what to do.In terms of motivational theory,Serena is experiencing

Accepted Answer

Serena is attracted to the idea of having a new MacBook Air (approach), but is also hesitant due to the high cost (avoidance). This is an example of approach-avoidance conflict, where there are both positive and negative aspects to a decision or situation.

Question 10

Let's say that you are a heterosexual male and have just gotten off of a roller coaster ride and are,therefore,in a heightened state of arousal.An experimenter approaches you and asks you to rate the attractiveness of a number of photos of women.Your ratings are likely to be higher than another person who was approached before he got on the roller coaster.Which theory of emotion best explains this?

Accepted Answer

Schachter's two-factor theory explains this phenomenon by suggesting that emotions are determined by a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive labeling of the reason for this arousal. In this scenario, the heightened state of arousal from the roller coaster ride could be misattributed to the attractiveness of the women in the photos, leading to higher attractiveness ratings.

Question 11

Alicia really likes to play the piano.Her parents decided to support this activity by paying her $20 every time she went to piano practice.Lately,Alicia has found that she does not enjoy playing piano as much any more.This change in Alicia's feelings could be explained by

Accepted Answer

The overjustification hypothesis suggests that if extrinsic rewards, such as money, are given for a task that was previously intrinsically rewarding, the person may lose their initial enjoyment of the task. In this case, Alicia may have initially enjoyed playing the piano, but the introduction of the $20 reward may have shifted her motivation towards the extrinsic reward rather than the inherent enjoyment of the activity. As a result, when the reward is taken away or is no longer as enticing, the person may find less enjoyment in the task overall.

Quiz 11: Motivation and Emotion