Question 1

In a scientific journal article,the abstract:

Accepted Answer

The abstract offers a brief summary of the entire article, including the study's purpose, methods, results, and conclusions. It does not list all the articles cited, detail the participants, materials, and procedures, or interpret the results with respect to the hypothesis.

Question 2

Madame Oolong claims that she can answer questions about one's career,finances,and relationships by reading tea leaves.Madame Oolong practices:

Accepted Answer

Madame Oolong's claims fall under the category of pseudopsychology, which refers to practices that claim to be based on psychological principles but lack scientific evidence to support their claims. Tea leaf reading has not been proven to have any validity in predicting one's career, finances, or relationships.

Question 3

As Morgana writes her psychology article,she summarizes the scientific literature relevant to her hypothesis before she discusses her research; she is writing the article's:

Accepted Answer

The introduction typically provides a summary of existing research relevant to the topic being studied, leading up to the author's hypothesis or research question.

Question 4

Numerology is:

Accepted Answer

Numerology is considered a pseudopsychology, as it involves the belief that numbers have mystical or divine significance and can reveal information about a person's personality, life path, or future. However, there is no scientific evidence supporting the validity of numerology.

Question 5

The process of weighing,synthesizing,and evaluating evidence is called _____ thinking.

Accepted Answer

Critical thinking involves analyzing and evaluating information to make reasoned judgments or decisions. It involves weighing evidence, considering alternative explanations, and using logic and reasoning to determine the most valid and reliable conclusions. While scientific thinking and empirical thinking also involve a rigorous approach to evaluating evidence, critical thinking is a more broad-based concept that can apply to a wide range of fields and situations. Experimental thinking is a subset of critical thinking that involves designing and conducting experiments to test hypotheses and gather data.

Question 6

Andrea is reading an introduction to a research report in psychology in which there is a general,comprehensive account of human aggression.Andrea is reading a(n):

Accepted Answer

The fact that there is a general, comprehensive account of human aggression suggests that the introduction is presenting a theory, which is a broad explanation or set of principles that explains a phenomenon.

Question 7

The first step in the scientific method is:

Accepted Answer

The first step in the scientific method is developing a question. This question should be based on observations or previous knowledge, and should be specific enough to guide the research process.

Question 8

What is the relationship among psychology,pseudopsychology,and critical thinking?

Accepted Answer

Psychology is a scientific and evidence-based field that incorporates critical thinking for understanding behavior. Pseudopsychology, on the other hand, relies on unfounded and unproven beliefs, theories, and practices that lack scientific evidence and rational thinking. Therefore, critical thinking is absent from pseudopsychology.

Question 9

In a psychology journal article,the specific hypothesis tested in the research usually appears in the:

Accepted Answer

The introduction of a psychology journal article typically includes the specific hypothesis that is being tested in the research. This section provides the background and rationale for the study and clearly states the research question or hypothesis being investigated. The other sections of the article (abstract, methods, and discussion) provide additional details about the study design, results, and interpretation of findings, and may reference or expand upon the hypothesis stated in the introduction.

Question 10

A list of all the articles cited appears at the end of a journal article in psychology.This list is called the:

Accepted Answer

The reference list is the standard term used in psychology for the list of all sources cited in a journal article. The terms "bibliography" and "works cited list" are sometimes used interchangeably with reference list, but they can also refer to lists of sources that were consulted but not necessarily cited in the article. The term "list of sources" is a more general term that could refer to any type of list of sources, whether cited or not.

Question 11

Dr.Jensen is organizing and evaluating the evidence related to aggression in children.Dr.Jensen is engaged in ______ thinking.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr.Jensen is organizing and evaluating the evidence...

Question 12

In a scientific journal article,keywords:

Accepted Answer

Keywords identify the article's topics or themes and help readers understand what the article is about. They are used to help index and retrieve articles in databases and search engines.

Question 13

The major problem with pseudotheories is that:

Accepted Answer

Pseudotheories may sound convincing, but they lack the evidence to make accurate predictions. This makes them unreliable and not useful in the scientific community.

Question 14

A hypothesis is BEST defined as a:

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a statement that can be tested to see if it accurately predicts a particular outcome.

Question 15

An advertisement touts the muscle-building benefits of a new herbal supplement.Before she purchases the supplement,Jana investigates the credentials of the individuals testifying to its benefits and does research on the company that manufactures the supplement.She also searches the scientific literature for any controlled research that might attest to the action of the supplement.Jana is engaging in _____ thinking.

Accepted Answer

Jana is engaging in critical thinking, which involves analyzing evidence, considering multiple perspectives, and questioning assumptions. She is evaluating the credibility of the claims being made and seeking out evidence to support them, rather than simply accepting them at face value. This type of approach is essential for making informed decisions and avoiding scams or misinformation.

Question 16

The process psychologists use to conduct research is called:

Accepted Answer

The scientific method is the standardized process used by psychologists to systematically gather and analyze data in order to test and refine theories. It involves various steps such as formulating a hypothesis, collecting data through observation and experimentation, analyzing the data, and drawing conclusions. This process helps to ensure that psychological research is objective, reliable, and valid. Critical thinking, informed speculation, and educated guessing may be used at various points in the scientific method, but they are not the overarching process used to conduct research.

Question 17

Numerology and astrology cannot tell us what will happen in the future.They therefore fail to achieve psychology's goal of:

Accepted Answer

Numerology and astrology are often used for predicting future events, but these predictions are not based on empirical evidence or scientific principles. Psychology's goal of prediction focuses on using research to predict behavior and mental processes based on past experiences and experiments.

Question 18

"Opposites attract." "Birds of a feather flock together." These aphorisms make predictions and are therefore:

Accepted Answer

These aphorisms make predictions that could be tested, and therefore they fit the definition of hypotheses, which are testable predictions.

Question 19

Numerology is a:

Accepted Answer

Numerology is considered a pseudopsychology because its predictions are not supported by observation. It is based on the belief that numbers have mystical and significant meanings, which is not supported by scientific evidence.

Question 20

In psychology,scientific journal articles generally begin with a brief description of the entire article.This description is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

The brief description of the entire article in a scientific journal article is called an abstract.

Quiz 1: Introduction and Research Methods