Question 1

When Scrooge sees his dead partner in his room on Christmas Eve, we might not agree with Scrooge that this vision was merely due to "an undigested piece of meat." Rather, we might suspect that Scrooge had taken some ________.

Accepted Answer

LSD is a hallucinogen that can cause visions and hallucinations.

Question 2

Each of the following is true of "Ecstasy" except ________.

Accepted Answer

While heavy use of Ecstasy has been associated with harmful consequences including a decline in visual memory, birth defects if used during pregnancy, and a decrease in intelligence scores, the statement that even short-term recreational use has been proven to cause long-term harmful consequences is not entirely accurate. While it is true that Ecstasy can have negative effects on the brain and body, the degree and duration of these effects vary depending on individual factors such as frequency of use, dosage, and other factors. Therefore, not all individuals who use Ecstasy recreationally will experience long-term harmful consequences.

Question 3

Any number of drugs, such as LSD and mescaline, that distort visual and auditory perception are ________.

Accepted Answer

The drugs such as LSD and mescaline that distort visual and auditory perception are categorized as hallucinogens.

Question 4

Marijuana is typically included as a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

Marijuana's main psychoactive compound, THC, causes changes in perception, mood, and thought processes that are largely categorized as hallucinations. While it can also have some mild depressant and stimulant effects, its primary classification is as a hallucinogen. It is not an opiate as it does not come from the opium poppy plant.

Question 5

After taking a drug to get "high," Jenny notices that her auditory acuity has increased and she can clearly hear low sounds like breathing and heartbeats, as well as imaginary conversations and fully orchestrated original symphonies. She sees a steady stream of the "most beautiful" images she has ever seen, but feels detached as if she is watching herself from a distance. The drug she took was probably ________.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described suggest an experience commonly associated with taking LSD, including increased auditory sensitivity and visual hallucinations, as well as dissociation (the feeling of being detached from oneself). Crack and heroin typically produce different effects such as euphoria and sedation, respectively, while PCP can cause a range of unpredictable and potentially dangerous effects.

Question 6

"Crack" is the crystalline form of ________.

Accepted Answer

Crack is the crystalline form of cocaine.

Question 7

Writers and composers have been known to take marijuana in order to enhance their creativity. One problem with this strategy is that ________.

Accepted Answer

Marijuana can impair short-term memory, causing confusion and making it difficult for writers and composers to organize their thoughts and ideas. This can harm their creativity rather than enhancing it.

Question 8

Cocaine is a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

Cocaine is a stimulant, meaning it increases activity in the central nervous system and can lead to increased alertness, energy, and feelings of euphoria. Unlike opiates and barbiturates, cocaine does not depress the central nervous system, and it is not considered a hallucinogen because it does not produce vivid sensory experiences like those caused by LSD or psilocybin.

Question 9

The active ingredient in marijuana is ________.

Accepted Answer

The active ingredient in marijuana is THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol). PCB, PCP, and LSD are different drugs and not related to marijuana.

Question 10

The only legitimate medical use for cocaine is its use as a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

The only legitimate medical use for cocaine is as a topical anesthetic. It can numb mucous membranes and skin for minor surgical procedures. It is not used for treating glaucoma, as there are more effective medications available. It is also not used as a muscle relaxant or anxiety reducer.

Question 11

Eric has used LSD heavily for some time. He is likely to experience each of the following except ________.

Accepted Answer

While long-term LSD use can lead to a range of negative effects, including memory loss, paranoia, aggression, panic attacks, nightmares, and flashbacks, it is unlikely to result in catatonic episodes or chronic psychosis. These more severe symptoms may occur in rare cases, but they are not a common outcome of LSD use.

Question 12

Repeated, frequent LSD usage results in ________.

Accepted Answer

LSD leads to a rapid buildup of tolerance, meaning more of the drug is needed to achieve the same effect over time. However, it does not cause traditional withdrawal symptoms like those associated with alcohol or opioid dependence.

Question 13

Each of the following is associated with LSD use except ________.

Accepted Answer

LSD does not cause severe withdrawal symptoms, unlike other drugs such as opioids or benzodiazepines. However, flashbacks, paranoia, and panic attacks are all commonly associated with LSD use.

Question 14

At the turn of the century, many physicians promoted ________ as a cure for morphine and alcohol addiction.

Accepted Answer

At the turn of the century, many physicians promoted cocaine as a cure for morphine and alcohol addiction. This was due to its numbing and stimulating effects which caused addiction to be shifted from one substance to another. However, this approach was later recognized as ineffective and dangerous.

Question 15

One of the most famous users of cocaine was ________.

Accepted Answer

Sigmund Freud, also known as the father of psychoanalysis, was a frequent user and advocate for the therapeutic use of cocaine in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Question 16

On a biochemical level, cocaine blocks the reabsorption of the neurotransmitter ________.

Accepted Answer

Cocaine blocks the reabsorption of dopamine, resulting in higher levels of the neurotransmitter in the synapse and leading to the characteristic euphoria and stimulation associated with cocaine use.

Question 17

Mescaline, peyote, and psilocybin are all ________.

Accepted Answer

Mescaline, peyote, and psilocybin are all hallucinogens, which are drugs that alter one's perceptions, thoughts, and feelings, leading to intense sensory experiences often referred to as "trips".

Question 18

The phenomenon of "temporal disintegration" is most closely associated with the use of which of the following drugs?

Accepted Answer

Temporal disintegration, or the feeling that time is passing slowly or has stopped, is a commonly reported effect of marijuana use. It is thought to be due to the drug's impact on the brain's perception of time. While cocaine and heroin can also affect perception of time, temporal disintegration is not as strongly associated with these drugs as it is with marijuana. Nicotine, on the other hand, is not typically associated with any significant changes in perception of time.

Question 19

A student uses marijuana at a party. After the marijuana joint is passed around, which of the following is she least likely to experience?

Accepted Answer

Marijuana use is known to cause an increased appetite and thirst (also known as "the munchies") and decreased thirst and hunger would not be a typical response. Options B, C, and D are common effects of marijuana use.

Question 20

Which of the following is not true of "crack"?

Accepted Answer

Crack cocaine produces a high that typically lasts only about 5 to 10 minutes, not 2 to 3 hours.

Quiz 4: States of Consciousness