Question 1

Hering's opponent-process theory suggests that receptors are linked antagonistically in pairs. His opposed pairs were

Accepted Answer

Hering's opponent-process theory suggests three pairs of opposed colors: red-green, yellow-blue, and black-white. This theory suggests that these pairs of colors cannot be perceived together, and that when one member of the pair is seen, the other is inhibited. The other answer choices are not accurate representations of Hering's theory.

Question 2

If you project a red, a green, and a blue light into space, the point at which the three lights cross will lead to the perception of

Accepted Answer

When red, green, and blue lights are projected in a way that they cross at a single point, they create white light. This is because white light is a combination of all visible colors, and when the three primary colors of light overlap, they create this effect.

Question 3

Mixing many, varied paints together would tend to produce a ____, while projecting many varied colored spots on the same area of a screen would tend to produce a ____.

Accepted Answer

Mixing many varied paints together would tend to produce a dull, dark color because as more colors are added, the result becomes muddier and less distinct. Projecting many varied colored spots on the same area of a screen would tend to produce a light, whitish color because the colors would overlap and create a brighter overall appearance.

Question 4

At the musical he attended over the weekend, Andrew noticed that whenever the red and green spotlights overlapped, they seemed to change to a yellow spotlight. This can be explained using the principles of

Accepted Answer

Additive color mixing refers to the combination of different colored lights to produce new colors. In this case, the combination of red and green lights produces a yellow light when they overlap, which is consistent with additive color mixing. Subtractive color mixing, on the other hand, involves the combination of pigments or dyes to produce colors, and opponent-processing of colors refers to the way that certain color pairs (such as red/green or blue/yellow) are processed by the visual system. Hypercomplex feature detection is not directly related to color mixing.

Question 5

The action of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) supports the

Accepted Answer

The LGN is responsible for processing visual information and is a key component in the opponent process theory of color vision. This theory suggests that there are separate opponent pathways for processing color (red-green, blue-yellow, and black-white) that work in opposition to each other. The LGN plays a crucial role in this process by acting as a relay center between the retina and the visual cortex. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 6

Denise was momentarily blinded when paparazzi snapped her picture using a blue flash. Following the flash, she saw spots for several minutes. Based on the opponent-process theory of color vision, the spots that Denise saw

Accepted Answer

According to the opponent-process theory, the blue flash would fatigue the blue-yellow opponent channel, causing the afterimage to appear in the complementary color, which is yellow.

Question 7

Mixing paints yields subtractive color mixing because

Accepted Answer

Subtractive color mixing is based on the fact that pigments absorb certain wavelengths of light, leaving only certain colors visible. As more pigments are mixed, more wavelengths are absorbed, resulting in a darker color that appears closer to black. This is different from additive color mixing, which involves the superimposition of light waves to produce a wider range of colors. Therefore, the correct option is C because pigments selectively absorb certain wavelengths and reflect others, resulting in subtractive color mixing.

Question 8

If a child mixes yellow and blue fingerpaints together to produce green, the child is using

Accepted Answer

The child is using subtractive color mixing, which is the process of combining two or more pigments or dyes to create a different color by selectively absorbing (subtracting) certain wavelengths of light and reflecting others. Mixing yellow and blue fingerpaints together absorbs some of the wavelengths of light that make up yellow and blue and reflects the wavelengths of light that make up green.

Question 9

While finger painting, Chris mixed yellow paint and blue paint and ended up with green, an example of

Accepted Answer

This is an example of subtractive color mixing because Chris combined two pigments (yellow and blue) which absorbed certain wavelengths of light and reflected others, resulting in a new color (green).

Question 10

Eric has been wearing red welding goggles for the past 30 minutes. Based on the opponent-process theory of color vision, when Eric takes off the red goggles he should expect that objects will temporarily appear to be

Accepted Answer

The opponent-process theory of color vision suggests that colors are perceived through the operation of opposing pairs of colors: red-green, blue-yellow, and black-white. After wearing red goggles, Eric's vision would adapt to reduce the impact of the overwhelming red input. When the goggles are removed, the balance shifts towards the opposing color, green, making objects appear temporarily greenish.

Question 11

MOST accurately, additive color mixing occurs when combining

Accepted Answer

Additive color mixing refers to the combination of lights of different colors, where the primary colors are red, green, and blue. When these three colors of lights are combined, they produce white light. This is the basis for how computer monitors and televisions display color. On the other hand, pigments of different colors produce subtractive color mixing, which is used in physical mediums like paints and inks.

Question 12

The action of the visual receptors supports the

Accepted Answer

The trichromatic theory of color vision states that there are three types of cones in the retina, each sensitive to a different wavelength of light (red, green, or blue). The combination of signals from these cones allows us to perceive a wide range of colors. This theory is supported by the action of the visual receptors (cones) in the retina.

Question 13

In explaining color vision, contemporary researchers claim that at the level of the cones color vision occurs via a(n) ____ process but along the neural pathway from the LGN to the visual cortex the process is a(n) ____ one.

Accepted Answer

At the level of the cones, color vision occurs via a trichromatic process (three types of cones respond to different wavelengths of light). However, along the neural pathway from the LGN to the visual cortex, the process is an opponent one (opposing pairs of colors are processed in the visual system). This is known as the opponent-process theory of color vision.

Question 14

If you mix red, green, and blue paint, you will get

Accepted Answer

Mixing red, green, and blue paint together creates a color that is close to black because they are complementary colors. These three colors are also known as subtractive primary colors, which means that they absorb and subtract color wavelengths from white light, resulting in darkness or blackness.

Question 15

After visual information is processed in the primary visual cortex, it is often routed to other cortical areas for additional processing through two pathways characterized as the

Accepted Answer

The two pathways for additional visual processing are referred to as the "what" pathway, which processes information about object recognition and identity, and the "where" pathway, which processes information about spatial location and motion.

Question 16

Neurons that respond selectively to very specific features of more complex stimuli are

Accepted Answer

Neurons that respond selectively to specific features of more complex stimuli are called feature detectors. This term was coined by David H. Hubel and Torsten Wiesel in 1959 to describe neurons in the visual cortex that respond selectively to particular features of visual stimuli, such as edges, lines, corners, and shapes. The concept of feature detectors is now applied to other sensory modalities, such as audition and touch.

Question 17

Television sets are able to recreate the entire visible spectrum by additively mixing three primary colors. This process is similar to the view of human color vision called

Accepted Answer

The process of mixing three colors to create the entire visible spectrum is in accordance with the trichromatic theory, which posits that color vision is based on three primary colors: red, green, and blue. This theory explains how the human retina contains three types of photoreceptor cells, each sensitive to a different range of wavelengths. When combined, these photoreceptors allow us to perceive a wide range of colors, similar to the way television sets mix primary colors to create different hues.

Question 18

After having your picture taken with a yellow flash, you momentarily see blue spots floating before your eyes. This phenomenon is best explained by

Accepted Answer

The answer of After having your picture taken with a...

Question 19

According to one theory of color vision, colors are signaled in pairs by neurons that fire faster to one color and slower to another color. This theory is known as the

Accepted Answer

The theory described in the statement is the opponent process theory, which suggests that color vision is based on the activity of three different types of color-sensitive neurons, working in opposing pairs. These pairs are red-green, blue-yellow, and black-white. As one member of the pair is stimulated, the other is inhibited, creating a process of opponent colors.

Question 20

The best description of the current view of the way in which color is coded in the visual system would be that color coding begins with

Accepted Answer

The trichromatic theory explains how color is detected by cone cells in the retina, while the opponent process theory explains how color information is processed in the visual pathway from the retina to the brain. These two theories are both important for understanding color coding in the visual system, with the trichromatic process coming first and the opponent process following it.

Quiz 7: Sensation and Perception Part 1