Question 1

According to _____-based theories of object recognition,your brain compares perceived retinal images with _____ to make identifications.

Accepted Answer

Image-based theories propose that the brain uses templates of familiar objects to compare with the perceived image on the retina to make identifications. Geon-based theories suggest that the brain analyzes objects in terms of their basic three-dimensional shapes or geons. However, none of the answer choices include this option, so the best choice is A, which aligns with image-based theories.

Question 2

After a small section of his basilar membrane was damaged,Joseph experienced a noticeable loss of hearing for high-pitched sounds only.Joseph's hearing loss is best explained by the impairment of the base of the membrane involved in the _____ mechanism of the ear to encode sound-wave frequencies.

Accepted Answer

The place code mechanism of the ear relies on the different parts of the basilar membrane responding to different frequencies of sound. When the base of the membrane is damaged, it affects the ability of high-pitched sounds to be encoded correctly, causing a loss of hearing for those frequencies.

Question 3

The optic nerve leaves the eye through a hole in the:

Accepted Answer

The optic nerve leaves the eye through a hole in the retina called the optic disc. The pupil is an opening in the center of the iris that regulates the amount of light that enters the eye. The fovea is a small depression in the retina that is responsible for sharp central vision. The cornea is the clear, curved layer that covers the front of the eye.

Question 4

In landscape paintings,artists often paint distant objects,such as trees,closer to the top edge of the canvas than nearby objects,such as flowers.This is an example of the use of the monocular depth cue known as:

Accepted Answer

Relative height is the monocular depth cue that refers to the perception that objects that are higher in the visual field are farther away than those that are lower. By placing distant objects higher on the canvas than nearby objects, the artist is using this cue to create the illusion of depth in the painting. Linear perspective is also a commonly used cue in landscape paintings, but it refers to the convergence of parallel lines in the scene, not the placement of objects relative to each other. Texture gradient and interposition are not relevant to the explanation given in the question.

Question 5

Which structures become active under low-light conditions for night vision?

Accepted Answer

Rods are the photoreceptor cells in the retina that are responsible for detecting light under low-light conditions, making them crucial for night vision. Bipolar cells, cones, and feature detectors are also important components of vision, but they are not specifically activated in low-light settings.

Question 6

Which structure(s)is/are contained in the middle ear?

Accepted Answer

The ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes) are the three small bones located in the middle ear that transfer sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear. The auditory canal is part of the outer ear, the eardrum forms the boundary between the outer and middle ear, and the cochlea is part of the inner ear.

Question 7

Due to the partial crossing of visual information at the _____,information from the _____ visual field projects to the brain's right hemisphere.

Accepted Answer

Due to the partial crossing of visual pathways at the optic chiasm, information from the left visual field of both eyes is projected to the right hemisphere of the brain, and vice versa.

Question 8

Visual form agnosia is MOST associated with impaired functioning in the:

Accepted Answer

Visual form agnosia refers to the inability to recognize objects, despite intact vision, and is associated with damage to the ventral stream of visual processing, which is responsible for object recognition and identification. The dorsal stream is responsible for processing visual motion and spatial relationships. The superior colliculus plays a role in orienting movements of the eyes and head towards salient visual stimuli, while the optic chiasm is the portion of the visual pathway where some fibers from each eye cross over to the opposite side of the brain.

Question 9

A participant is shown two flash cards,one with a black-coloured 8 and the other with a gold-coloured 6.When asked to describe what she saw,she responds that she saw a gold-coloured 8 and a black-coloured 6,illustrating _____ primarily caused by _____.

Accepted Answer

The participant's response is an example of illusory conjunction, where features of different objects are combined incorrectly due to a lack of focused attention.

Question 10

_____ would play a role in quickly alerting you to a gas leak in your house.

Accepted Answer

Olfactory receptor neurons are responsible for detecting odors, including the distinct scent of natural gas added to make it detectable by humans. Therefore, if there is a gas leak in your house, your sense of smell would quickly alert you to the danger.

Question 11

Days after breaking his nose in a football game,Ben still perceived a dull pain in his nose.Which pain-sensory neurons are responsible for this sensation?

Accepted Answer

C fibers are unmyelinated and slow conducting fibers that are responsible for the transmission of dull, persistent pain. This type of pain is consistent with the dull pain Ben is experiencing in his nose days after his injury. A-delta fibers, on the other hand, are myelinated and fast-conducting fibers that are responsible for the transmission of sharp, acute pain. B-gamma fibers are associated with muscle spindles and V fibers are not a type of pain-sensory neuron.

Quiz 4: Sensation and Perception

According to _-based theories of object recognition,your brain compares perceived retinal images with _ to make identifications.