Question 1

Tricyclic antidepressants increase levels of norepinephrine and serotonin in synapses by:

Accepted Answer

Tricyclic antidepressants block the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, increasing their levels in the synapse. This is the mechanism by which they exert their antidepressant effects.

Question 2

In a survey of more than 18,000 Canadians 45 years old and older,_____% of people with depression reported taking alternative medication such as herbal remedies to treat their symptoms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a survey of more than 18,000...

Question 3

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors function by inhibiting:

Accepted Answer

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) function by inhibiting the enzyme monoamine oxidase from breaking down the neurotransmitters norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine. This leads to increased levels of these neurotransmitters in the brain, which can help alleviate symptoms of depression and other psychiatric disorders.

Question 4

Alexander mentions to his family doctor that he has felt very depressed for most of the last 6 months.Alexander's doctor would be MOST likely to prescribe which drug?

Accepted Answer

Prozac is a commonly prescribed antidepressant medication, and is often the first line of treatment for depression. Valproate and lithium are mood stabilizers typically used for bipolar disorder or seizures, while Elavil is an older antidepressant medication with more side effects and risks compared to newer options like Prozac.

Question 5

For most severe mental disorders,such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia,research has found that treatment should definitely include:

Accepted Answer

The answer of For most severe mental disorders,such as bipolar...

Question 6

Sarah takes St.John's Wort,MOST likely to manage her symptoms of:

Accepted Answer

St.John's Wort is commonly used as a natural supplement to manage symptoms of depression. It has been shown to increase levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, which can help lift mood and improve overall well-being. It is not typically used to manage social phobia, paranoia, or flat affect.

Question 7

For most severe mental disorders,such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia,research has found that adding psychotherapeutic treatments such as social skills training or cognitive behavioural therapy to medication:

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that adding psychotherapeutic treatments to medication for severe mental disorders such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia increases the effectiveness of treatment compared to medication alone. These additional treatments can help patients learn coping skills, improve relationships, and manage symptoms. Psychotherapy is often a valuable addition to medication in the treatment of these disorders.

Question 8

Haley has been prescribed an antidepressant by her psychiatrist,although she is not depressed.Haley MOST likely has:

Accepted Answer

Antidepressants are often prescribed for anxiety disorders, such as generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder. They may also be prescribed for other conditions, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. While antidepressants can sometimes be used for bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and other mental health conditions, anxiety disorders are the most common reason for their prescription when there is not a primary diagnosis of depression.

Question 9

Why are antidepressants NOT prescribed to treat bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Antidepressants can trigger a manic episode in individuals with bipolar disorder. This is because bipolar disorder involves cycles between depression and mania, and antidepressants can destabilize mood and cause a switch into a manic episode. Therefore, mood stabilizers are typically prescribed as the first-line treatment for bipolar disorder.

Question 10

Stacy has been diagnosed with an eating disorder.Which class of drugs would a psychiatrist MOST likely prescribe to help treat this disorder?

Accepted Answer

The most commonly prescribed class of drugs for treating eating disorders are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs can help with symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and obsessive thoughts related to food and body image. Hypnotics and long-acting benzodiazepines are not typically used for eating disorders, and antipsychotics may be used in some cases but are not considered first-line treatments.

Question 11

In a recent study designed to determine the effectiveness of antidepressant medication,depressed patients were randomly assigned to take either an antidepressant medication or a placebo.Symptoms of depression were measured before and during treatment.Over the course of treatment,both groups reported decreased symptoms of depression.The investigators still concluded that antidepressants were clinically effective because:

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a recent study designed to determine...

Question 12

Jason has major depressive disorder.He tells his psychiatrist that Prozac really isn't working to relieve his symptoms.The psychiatrist decides to prescribe Jason an antidepressant that blocks the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine,such as:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jason has major depressive disorder.He tells his...

Question 13

Omega-3 fatty acids have been linked to lower rates of:

Accepted Answer

Omega-3 fatty acids have been linked to lower rates of depression and suicide.

Question 14

Hakeem has major depressive disorder.He tells his psychiatrist that Prozac really isn't working to relieve his symptoms.The psychiatrist decides to prescribe Hakeem an antidepressant that blocks the reuptake of both dopamine and norepinephrine,such as:

Accepted Answer

Wellbutrin (bupropion) is known to inhibit the reuptake of both dopamine and norepinephrine, making it a suitable choice for someone whose symptoms have not been alleviated by SSRIs like Prozac. Paxil is an SSRI, Elavil is a tricyclic antidepressant, and Effexor primarily affects serotonin and norepinephrine but not dopamine.

Question 15

What has research found regarding herbal remedies for mental disorders?

Accepted Answer

Research on herbal remedies for mental disorders has been limited due to the lack of regulations and standards for herbal supplements in Canada. Therefore, there is not enough evidence to support the safety and effectiveness of many herbal remedies.

Question 16

Research has shown _____ between the amount of fish a country eats and prevalence rates of depression.

Accepted Answer

Research has found a negative correlation between the amount of fish a country eats and prevalence rates of depression. This means that as the amount of fish consumption increases in a country, the prevalence rates of depression decrease.

Question 17

Avery arrives at an emergency room in a manic state.Upon reviewing her medical history,the psychiatrist assigned to Avery's case learns that Avery has a history of wild mood swings.The psychiatrist would be MOST likely to prescribe Avery which drug?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Avery arrives at an emergency room in...

Question 18

Tricyclic antidepressants such as Elavil work by keeping more _____ in the synapses.

Accepted Answer

Tricyclic antidepressants such as Elavil work by blocking the reuptake of both norepinephrine and serotonin, so that they remain in the synapses longer and can exert their mood-elevating effects.

Question 19

Who might BEST benefit from phototherapy?

Accepted Answer

Phototherapy, also known as light therapy, is a treatment for seasonal affective disorder (SAD), a type of depression that occurs during the fall and winter months when there is less exposure to natural sunlight. Therefore, Amy, who suffers from SAD, would best benefit from phototherapy. The other options do not necessarily have a direct relationship to light therapy.

Question 20

Which factor is NOT a major reason that people use herbal products to treat mental disorders?

Accepted Answer

The other three factors listed (B, C, and D) are all major reasons why people use herbal products to treat mental disorders. However, the recommendation of a psychiatrist is not listed as a major reason.

Quiz 16: Treatment of Psychological Disorders