Question 1

Altruistic behaviour benefits:

Accepted Answer

Altruistic behavior means helping others without expecting any benefit in return. Therefore, the benefit is for others but not oneself.

Question 2

The correspondence bias states that we have a tendency to spin the situation to view ourselves positively.

Accepted Answer

The correspondence bias, also known as the fundamental attribution error, refers to the tendency to attribute others' behavior to their internal characteristics rather than considering situational factors. It does not specifically refer to viewing oneself positively.

Question 3

After a big football win,Jordan and a few other students tore down the goalposts on their school's football field.It cost the university $20,000 to replace them.Even after hearing about the unnecessary cost incurred by the university,Jordan does not feel guilty for his actions.This lack of guilt could be a result of:

Accepted Answer

The lack of guilt felt by Jordan could be a result of diffusion of responsibility, which is the tendency for individuals to feel less personal responsibility when they are part of a group, leading to a lack of guilt or accountability for their actions. This is especially common in situations where there is a large group involved and the individual may feel that someone else will take responsibility for the consequences.

Question 4

Situational attributions usually are made when an action is distinctive.

Accepted Answer

Situational attributions are made when an action is seen as being caused by external circumstances or situations, and are likely to be made when the behavior is atypical or out of character for the person performing it.

Question 5

The tendency to attribute our own behaviour to unwavering dispositions and others' behaviour to situational whims is illustrative of the actor-observer effect.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The tendency to attribute our own behaviour...

Question 6

It is easier to make a dispositional attribution than to make a situational attribution.

Accepted Answer

This is because dispositional attributions involve attributing someone's behavior to their personality or character traits, which is a more stable and enduring explanation, whereas situational attributions involve considering the context or external factors that may have influenced someone's behavior, which can be more complex and require more information.

Question 7

Dispositional attributions usually are made when an action is consensual.

Accepted Answer

Dispositional attributions are made when an observer attributes a person's behavior to their internal qualities or character, rather than to external circumstances. Consensual actions suggest agreement or cooperation, which doesn't directly relate to the internal vs. external attribution distinction.

Question 8

When you visit a country that has completely different cultural beliefs and societal guidelines than your own,it is often helpful to imitate the behaviour of the people you see around you.This example BEST illustrates the idea of:

Accepted Answer

Normative influence refers to the tendency for people to conform to the behaviors or attitudes of others in order to be liked and accepted. When visiting a country with different cultural beliefs and societal guidelines, people often imitate the behaviors of those around them in order to fit in and be accepted by the local culture. This is an example of normative influence.

Question 9

Selena believes that people who do not share her religious faith have inferior morals compared with those of her faith.This example illustrates:

Accepted Answer

This example illustrates prejudice, as Selena holds a negative attitude towards people who do not share her religious faith based on her beliefs about their morality.

Question 10

Tim is a government employee who issues licences to new businesses.In order to speed up the process of obtaining the licence,an applicant offers a gift to Tim.Tim finds that he is now less motivated to help this applicant.In the context of the hedonic motive,which reason is MOST likely behind Tim's diminished motivation?

Accepted Answer

The reason behind Tim's diminished motivation is most likely that he resents being bribed. This is because the offer of a gift is essentially a bribe, and Tim may feel that his integrity and professional ethics have been compromised by accepting it.

Question 11

Blaming the poor call made by a referee on his general incompetence and impaired eyesight is an example of a dispositional attribution.

Accepted Answer

Dispositional attribution refers to the tendency to attribute a person's behavior to their internal characteristics, such as their personality or abilities, rather than external factors such as situational circumstances or luck. In this scenario, blaming the poor call on the referee's incompetence and impaired eyesight suggests that the attribution is dispositional rather than situational.

Question 12

The _____ suggests that people behave aggressively when their goals are thwarted.

Accepted Answer

The frustration-aggression hypothesis suggests that when people are unable to reach their goals, they may become frustrated, leading to aggressive behavior.

Question 13

Attributing a basketball player's great game to his home court advantage is an example of correspondence bias.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Attributing a basketball player's great game to...

Question 14

Blaming a tennis loss on a bad call by the line judge is an example of a dispositional attribution.

Accepted Answer

Blaming a tennis loss on a bad call by the line judge is an example of a situational attribution, as it attributes the outcome to external factors rather than to the disposition or character of the player.

Question 15

The correspondence bias is another term for the fundamental attribution error.

Accepted Answer

The correspondence bias and the fundamental attribution error are two terms that are used interchangeably to refer to the tendency to overemphasize dispositional (internal) factors when explaining the behavior of others, while underemphasizing situational (external) factors.

Question 16

Men who are prone to aggression tend to have:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Men who are prone to aggression tend...

Question 17

In Asch's classic study on _____,most people reported that two lines of obviously different lengths were the same.This phenomenon occurred on at least one trial,when all of the people in that experiment said the same thing.

Accepted Answer

Asch's classic study focused on conformity, where participants were likely to give the same wrong answer as others to fit in with the group. The phenomenon described in the question refers to the participants conforming to the group's incorrect response, even though it contradicted their own perception of reality.

Question 18

Over time,passionate love typically:

Accepted Answer

According to research, passionate love typically decreases over time. This is because the initial passionate feelings are largely driven by novelty and excitement, which naturally lessen as a relationship becomes more familiar and routine. However, this does not mean that love itself necessarily fades or disappears; it simply may evolve into a different, more mature form of love over time.

Question 19

The mere-exposure effect suggests that you are likely to find someone _____ the _____ time you spend with them.

Accepted Answer

The mere-exposure effect states that the more we are exposed to someone or something, the more we tend to like them. Therefore, the answer would be B, as the more time you spend with someone, the more attractive you are likely to find them.

Question 20

Most of us are quick to blame our own shortcomings on our situation and the shortcomings of others on their disposition.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. It's common for people to attribute their own mistakes to external factors, such as circumstances or other people, while attributing the mistakes of others to their personality or character. This is known as the fundamental attribution error.

Quiz 13: Social Psychology