Question 1

Concerns about high relapse rates and permanent memory loss are most relevant to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The concern about permanent memory loss is most relevant to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) as it is known to cause memory loss as a side effect. Additionally, high relapse rates can also be a concern with ECT as its effects tend to be short-term and maintenance ECT may be necessary for some patients. While the other options may have their own potential side effects and concerns, they are not specifically associated with high relapse rates or permanent memory loss.

Question 2

The promising new medication called clozapine is a(n)_______________ that does not appear to produce the negative symptoms of _____________ that are common with other drugs of this type.

Accepted Answer

The term "new medication" and the fact that it is said to not produce negative symptoms suggests that it is an antipsychotic drug, making options A, B, and C incorrect. Tardive dyskinesia is a common negative symptom associated with antipsychotic drugs, making D the correct answer.

Question 3

Most antipsychotic medications achieve their effects by blocking the activity of:

Accepted Answer

Most antipsychotic medications work by blocking dopamine activity in the brain. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that is believed to play a role in the development of psychotic symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions. By blocking dopamine activity, antipsychotic medications are able to reduce these symptoms.

Question 4

Which of the following psychosurgery procedures is occasionally used today as a last resort for severe depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Accepted Answer

Cingulotomy is occasionally used today as a last resort for severe depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. This procedure involves severing fibers in the cingulate gyrus, a region of the brain that is involved in emotions and decision-making. Lobotomy is an outdated and controversial procedure, and psychosurgery is not limited to treating tumors. Appendectomy is not a form of psychosurgery.

Question 5

The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (2008)found that about __________ of Canadians reported using an anti-anxiety drug at least once a year.

Accepted Answer

The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health study found that approximately 10% of Canadians reported using an anti-anxiety drug at least once a year. This indicates that anxiety is a prevalent issue in Canadian society and highlights the importance of mental health awareness and treatment options.

Question 6

ECT and MAO inhibitors are similar in that they both:

Accepted Answer

Both ECT (electroconvulsive therapy) and MAO (monoamine oxidase) inhibitors are used to treat depression. ECT is a more invasive and intense treatment that involves the use of electric shocks to induce seizures in the brain, while MAO inhibitors are a type of antidepressant medication that works by increasing the levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in the brain.

Question 7

The most commonly used biological intervention for psychological disorders is/are:

Accepted Answer

Drug therapy is the most commonly used biological intervention for psychological disorders. It involves the use of medication to alleviate symptoms of mental illness. This includes antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, and mood stabilizers. These medications work by altering the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain. While other interventions, such as electroconvulsive therapy and psychosurgery, may also be used for specific disorders, they are not as commonly used as drug therapy. Vitamin and mineral supplements may have some benefit for certain disorders, but they are not typically considered a primary treatment option.

Question 8

Tomas Furmark and his colleagues (2002)conducted a study examining the brain functioning of people receiving treatment for social phobia.Which of the following statements best summarizes their results?

Accepted Answer

Furmark et al. found that patients who showed improvement in their symptoms had similar brain activity, regardless of whether they received a biological or a psychological treatment. Therefore, both types of treatments were effective for social phobia.

Question 9

Many research studies have supported Carl Rogers's emphasis on ____________ by the therapist as an important factor in favourable therapy outcomes.

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers emphasized unconditional positive regard towards the client as a crucial factor in effective therapy. This means the therapist should accept and value the client as a whole, without judgment or criticism, in order to create a safe and supportive environment for the client to explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Many studies have found that clients who experience genuine empathy and unconditional acceptance from their therapist have better therapy outcomes, including increased self-awareness, self-acceptance, and personal growth.

Question 10

The fact that vastly different types of therapies often produce similar outcomes has led some researchers to search for what are called ___________,which are similar elements shared by each of the approaches that may account for their common successes.

Accepted Answer

The term used in the prompt to describe the search for similarities among different therapies is "common factors." Choice A ("meta-factors") and choice B ("joint components") are not commonly used terms in discussions of therapy outcomes, while choice D ("shared components") is close in meaning to common factors but not as commonly used.

Question 11

Laurel was recently put on an ____________ drug and is now experiencing side effects such as nervousness,insomnia,and sweating.

Accepted Answer

The side effects of nervousness, insomnia, and sweating are commonly associated with antidepressant medication. The other options (anti-anxiety, antipsychotic, and analgesic) are not typically associated with these specific side effects.

Question 12

Procedures that attempt to change disordered behaviour by removing or destroying brain tissue are called:

Accepted Answer

Procedures that attempt to change disordered behaviour by removing or destroying brain tissue are categorized as psychosurgery. ECT and MRI are not procedures aimed at changing behavior by removing brain tissue, and neurotoxicity treatment is not a commonly used term in this context.

Question 13

In a study comparing the effects of behavioural activation therapy with the effects produced by cognitive therapy and antidepressant drug treatment,results showed behavioural activation therapy worked better for:

Accepted Answer

The question specifically asks about the effects of behavioural activation therapy compared to cognitive therapy and antidepressant drug treatment for different degrees of depression. The results showed that behavioural activation therapy worked better for severely depressed patients. Therefore, the best choice is C.

Question 14

Jennifer has been anxious for many years and her doctor recently prescribed Valium,an anti-anxiety drug.Jennifer should be wary of side effects such as _________________ while taking the drug.

Accepted Answer

Valium is a benzodiazepine drug and can lead to physiological dependence or addiction if taken for an extended period. Insomnia, restlessness, and manic symptoms are potential side effects of Valium, but physiological dependence is the most significant concern.

Question 15

One difference between drug therapies and psychotherapies may be that psychotherapies:

Accepted Answer

Psychotherapies are more likely to result in long-term change compared to drug therapies. This is because psychotherapies focus on addressing the underlying psychological and emotional issues that are causing the symptoms, rather than just treating the symptoms themselves. By working through these issues, individuals can develop new coping strategies and ways of thinking that will continue to benefit them even after the therapy has ended. Drug therapies, on the other hand, often only provide temporary relief from symptoms and do not address the root causes of the problem.

Question 16

MAO inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants treat depression by increasing levels of ______________ in the nervous system,whereas the SSRIs function to increase the activity of ______________.

Accepted Answer

MAO inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants increase levels of both norepinephrine and serotonin in the nervous system, while SSRIs primarily increase the activity of serotonin. Therefore, the best choice is B (norepinephrine and serotonin for MAO inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants, and only serotonin for SSRIs).

Question 17

Although initially created for use with _______________,electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)is best suited for individuals suffering from ________________.

Accepted Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was initially developed for use with schizophrenia but has been found to be most effective for severe depression.

Question 18

Tricyclic is to antipsychotic as:

Accepted Answer

Tricyclics and antipsychotics are both types of psychotropic medications, but they treat different disorders. Tricyclics are primarily used to treat depression, while antipsychotics are mainly used to treat schizophrenia. Therefore, the relationship between tricyclics and antipsychotics is similar to the relationship between depression and schizophrenia. Choice B reflects this relationship.

Question 19

The deterioration effect in therapy is most likely a result of the:

Accepted Answer

The deterioration effect refers to a phenomenon in therapy where clients actually get worse instead of better. This is often attributed to the therapist's behavior, specifically if the therapist becomes hostile or unsupportive towards the client. Therefore, option C, therapist's hostility, is the most likely cause of the deterioration effect.

Question 20

A person receives a drug that blocks the activity of dopamine.It is most likely that this drug is a(n)______________ and that the person being treated has been diagnosed with ______________.

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotics are drugs that block the activity of dopamine and are primarily used to treat psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia.

Quiz 17: Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Concerns about high relapse rates and permanent memory loss are most relevant to which of the following?

The promising new medication called clozapine is a(n) ___ that does not appear to produce the negative symptoms of _ that are common with other drugs of this type.

Most antipsychotic medications achieve their effects by blocking the activity of:

Which of the following psychosurgery procedures is occasionally used today as a last resort for severe depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder?

The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (2008) found that about __________ of Canadians reported using an anti-anxiety drug at least once a year.

ECT and MAO inhibitors are similar in that they both:

The most commonly used biological intervention for psychological disorders is/are:

Tomas Furmark and his colleagues (2002) conducted a study examining the brain functioning of people receiving treatment for social phobia.Which of the following statements best summarizes their results?

Many research studies have supported Carl Rogers's emphasis on ____________ by the therapist as an important factor in favourable therapy outcomes.

The fact that vastly different types of therapies often produce similar outcomes has led some researchers to search for what are called ___________,which are similar elements shared by each of the approaches that may account for their common successes.

Laurel was recently put on an ____________ drug and is now experiencing side effects such as nervousness,insomnia,and sweating.

Procedures that attempt to change disordered behaviour by removing or destroying brain tissue are called:

In a study comparing the effects of behavioural activation therapy with the effects produced by cognitive therapy and antidepressant drug treatment,results showed behavioural activation therapy worked better for:

Jennifer has been anxious for many years and her doctor recently prescribed Valium,an anti-anxiety drug.Jennifer should be wary of side effects such as _________________ while taking the drug.

One difference between drug therapies and psychotherapies may be that psychotherapies:

MAO inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants treat depression by increasing levels of in the nervous system,whereas the SSRIs function to increase the activity of .

Although initially created for use with _,electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is best suited for individuals suffering from __.

Tricyclic is to antipsychotic as:

The deterioration effect in therapy is most likely a result of the:

A person receives a drug that blocks the activity of dopamine.It is most likely that this drug is a(n) and that the person being treated has been diagnosed with .

Quiz 17: Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Concerns about high relapse rates and permanent memory loss are most relevant to which of the following?

The promising new medication called clozapine is a(n) _______________ that does not appear to produce the negative symptoms of _____________ that are common with other drugs of this type.

Most antipsychotic medications achieve their effects by blocking the activity of:

Which of the following psychosurgery procedures is occasionally used today as a last resort for severe depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder?

The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (2008) found that about __________ of Canadians reported using an anti-anxiety drug at least once a year.

ECT and MAO inhibitors are similar in that they both:

The most commonly used biological intervention for psychological disorders is/are:

Tomas Furmark and his colleagues (2002) conducted a study examining the brain functioning of people receiving treatment for social phobia.Which of the following statements best summarizes their results?

Many research studies have supported Carl Rogers's emphasis on ____________ by the therapist as an important factor in favourable therapy outcomes.

The fact that vastly different types of therapies often produce similar outcomes has led some researchers to search for what are called ___________,which are similar elements shared by each of the approaches that may account for their common successes.

Laurel was recently put on an ____________ drug and is now experiencing side effects such as nervousness,insomnia,and sweating.

Procedures that attempt to change disordered behaviour by removing or destroying brain tissue are called:

In a study comparing the effects of behavioural activation therapy with the effects produced by cognitive therapy and antidepressant drug treatment,results showed behavioural activation therapy worked better for:

Jennifer has been anxious for many years and her doctor recently prescribed Valium,an anti-anxiety drug.Jennifer should be wary of side effects such as _________________ while taking the drug.

One difference between drug therapies and psychotherapies may be that psychotherapies:

MAO inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants treat depression by increasing levels of ______________ in the nervous system,whereas the SSRIs function to increase the activity of ______________.

Although initially created for use with _______________,electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is best suited for individuals suffering from ________________.

Tricyclic is to antipsychotic as:

The deterioration effect in therapy is most likely a result of the:

A person receives a drug that blocks the activity of dopamine.It is most likely that this drug is a(n) ______________ and that the person being treated has been diagnosed with ______________.

The promising new medication called clozapine is a(n) ___ that does not appear to produce the negative symptoms of _ that are common with other drugs of this type.

MAO inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants treat depression by increasing levels of in the nervous system,whereas the SSRIs function to increase the activity of .

Although initially created for use with _,electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is best suited for individuals suffering from __.

A person receives a drug that blocks the activity of dopamine.It is most likely that this drug is a(n) and that the person being treated has been diagnosed with .