Question 1

Brain scans show that patients with a history of panic attacks had 22% lower concentration of _______ in the occipital cortex than patients without panic disorder.

Accepted Answer

GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is a neurotransmitter that inhibits activity in the brain, and is commonly associated with reducing anxiety and promoting relaxation. Lower concentrations of GABA in the occipital cortex have been linked to panic disorder and other anxiety disorders, as well as other mental health conditions such as depression and schizophrenia. Therefore, it is the best choice for this question.

Question 2

According to the DSM-V,in order to qualify for a diagnosis of panic disorder,people must experience panic attacks and a fear of:

Accepted Answer

According to DSM-V, in order to qualify for a diagnosis of panic disorder, people must experience panic attacks and a fear of future attacks.

Question 3

The behavioural component of anxiety includes:

Accepted Answer

The behavioural component of anxiety includes impaired task performance, such as difficulty concentrating or completing tasks due to the overwhelming feelings of anxiety. Options A, B, and C are physical symptoms of anxiety but not specific to the behavioural component.

Question 4

David Barlow and other researchers speculate that people with a genetic predisposition to ____________ may have nervous systems that are overly sensitive to threat signals.

Accepted Answer

The sentence mentions a genetic predisposition to a condition that causes an overly sensitive nervous system to threat signals. Of the choices given, only anxiety fits this description.

Question 5

Identical twinshave a concordance rate of about ____ for anxiety disorders,compared with a _____ concordance rate in fraternal twins.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identical twinshave a concordance rate of about...

Question 6

Research by Peter Lewinsohn revealed that after controlling 11 different psychosocial factors,there was still a substantial sex difference in the prevalence of anxiety disorders in men and women,indicating the possible role that _____________ factors may play with this disorder.

Accepted Answer

The mention of "biological factors" in the given options suggests that these factors may play a role in the sex difference in the prevalence of anxiety disorders between men and women, as stated in the research by Peter Lewinsohn. The other options - social, cultural, and psychological - may also contribute to anxiety disorders, but are not specifically mentioned in relation to the sex difference observed in the research.

Question 7

People who have panic disorder will often also develop ______________ because they fear having a panic attack in public.

Accepted Answer

Agoraphobia is the fear of being in situations or places where escape may be difficult or embarrassing, or where help may not be available if a panic attack were to occur. People with panic disorder often develop agoraphobia because they fear having a panic attack in public places or situations.

Question 8

The physiological component of anxiety includes:

Accepted Answer

Muscle tension is a common physiological symptom of anxiety, as the body prepares for a fight or flight response. While feelings of apprehension and fear, worrisome thoughts, and avoidance of certain situations are all associated with anxiety, they are typically considered more cognitive or behavioral components of anxiety.

Question 9

The subjective-emotional component of anxiety includes:

Accepted Answer

The subjective-emotional component of anxiety includes feelings of tension and apprehension. Although worrisome thoughts, an inability to cope, and avoidance of feared objects may also be present in anxiety, they are not specifically related to the subjective-emotional component.

Question 10

You are driving to school and a car runs a red light and narrowly misses you as you slam on your brakes.Your heart beats very rapidly and your hands shake.Immediately after the accident,would you qualify for an anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

Experiencing anxiety immediately after a traumatic event, such as a close call while driving, is a normal response and does not necessarily qualify for an anxiety disorder. In this situation, the anxiety is proportional to the situation and is a natural reaction to a perceived threat. It is important to note that if the anxiety persists and becomes debilitating or interferes with daily life, seeking professional help may be beneficial.

Question 11

Panic disorder is different from generalized anxiety disorder in that with panic disorder,the feelings of anxiety are ______________ and are usually __________ intense.

Accepted Answer

Panic disorder is characterized by unpredictable panic attacks that are often more intense than the generalized anxiety experienced in generalized anxiety disorder.

Question 12

Obsession is to compulsion as:

Accepted Answer

Obsession and compulsion are both part of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and have a cognitive component. Obsessions are unwanted and intrusive thoughts, while compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person feels driven to perform in response to the obsession. Therefore, cognitive (related to thoughts) is to behavioural (related to actions) as obsession is to compulsion.

Question 13

Fear of _______ is the most common specific phobia for women,and fear of _______ is the most common specific phobia for men.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fear of _______ is the most common...

Question 14

People with panic disorder have panic attacks that occur:

Accepted Answer

Panic attacks in individuals with panic disorder often occur unexpectedly, without any clear trigger or cause. These attacks can happen at any time, even during sleep, and may lead to a persistent fear of future attacks.

Question 15

Studies suggest that people suffering from anxiety disorders may have lower levels of ________ in their nervous systems,which may cause them to be overly sensitive to signals of threat.

Accepted Answer

Studies suggest that people with anxiety disorders have lower levels of GABA, which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps regulate feelings of fear and anxiety. Low levels of GABA can cause an overstimulation in the brain, leading to an increased sensitivity to signals of threat.

Question 16

The cognitive component of anxiety includes:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The cognitive component of anxiety includes:
...

Question 17

Although they can occur independently,which of the following frequently accompany obsessions and appear to serve the function of reducing the anxiety created by such disturbing thoughts?

Accepted Answer

Compulsions frequently accompany obsessions and serve to reduce the anxiety created by disturbing thoughts.

Question 18

A strong and intense irrational fear that is evoked in response to a particular situation is called a _________.

Accepted Answer

A phobia is defined as an intense, irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity, which causes a strong aversion to it and may lead to avoidance behavior. Generalized anxiety disorder involves excessive and uncontrollable worrying about various aspects of life. Somatoform disorders involve physical symptoms that have no underlying medical explanation. Panic disorder involves recurrent panic attacks, which are sudden and intense episodes of fear accompanied by physical symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, and palpitations.

Question 19

Anxiety disorders:

Accepted Answer

Anxiety disorders are more prevalent in females than males. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, females are twice as likely as males to be diagnosed with anxiety disorders.

Question 20

The state of tension and apprehension that is a natural response to perceived threat is called __________.

Accepted Answer

Anxiety is the state of tension and apprehension in response to perceived threat, while a phobic disorder is a specific, intense fear of a particular object or situation. Depression is a mood disorder characterized by feelings of sadness and hopelessness, while fear is a basic emotion that is triggered by a perceived threat.

Quiz 16: Psychological Disorders