Question 1

Twins James and Jane are facing their first test in college.Based on gender differences in coping strategies,we could expect that James will use _____________ and Jane will use _______________.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that males are more likely to use problem-focused coping strategies, while females are more likely to seek social support as a coping mechanism.

Question 2

In a recent study;Robert Roeser and colleagues studied the effects of "mindfulness" training on teachers.Which of the following was NOT a result for the teachers who participated?

Accepted Answer

The study did not report any changes in the teachers' resting heart rate and blood pressure levels.

Question 3

Matthew and Miranda are both confronted with the same stressor: a loud and obnoxious dorm-mate who lives just down the hall.Research suggests that Matthew will be more likely to ______________ to deal with this problem,whereas Miranda will probably _____________.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that men are more likely to use confrontational strategies when dealing with stressors, while women are more likely to seek social support and talk to friends about the problem. Therefore, Matthew is more likely to confront the dorm-mate, while Miranda will probably talk to her friends about it.

Question 4

Which of the following stressor factors affects whether emotion-focused or problem-focused coping is associated with more positive outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Controllability is a key factor in determining whether emotion-focused or problem-focused coping is more beneficial. When a stressor is uncontrollable or outside of an individual's control, emotion-focused coping may be more effective in managing emotions and distress. However, when a stressor is controllable and within an individual's control, problem-focused coping may be more effective in addressing the source of stress and improving outcomes. Generalizability, social support, and reliability are not directly related to the effectiveness of coping strategies in response to stressors.

Question 5

If someone attempts to directly deal with and change the demands of stress-inducing situations,s/he is involved in the process of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Problem-focused coping is the process of attempting to directly deal with and change the demands of stress-inducing situations. This may involve problem-solving and taking action to reduce or eliminate the source of stress.

Question 6

A child is growing up in a very dangerous neighbourhood,but will not be able to move out for many years.Given the uncontrollability of her situation,____________-focused coping would lead to the best outcomes.

Accepted Answer

Emotion-focused coping is most effective in situations that are uncontrollable, such as living in a dangerous neighbourhood where the individual cannot change the external circumstances. This type of coping involves managing emotions and finding ways to feel better, rather than trying to change the situation itself.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a protective factor for dealing with stress?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that religious beliefs can be a protective factor for dealing with stress, so B is not the correct answer. A, C, and D are all protective factors for dealing with stress. Hardiness refers to a set of personality traits (such as commitment, control, and challenge) that enable individuals to cope with stress better. Social support can include emotional support from friends and family, as well as tangible support like financial assistance or help with daily tasks. Self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in their own ability to handle a specific situation, which can provide a sense of control and reduce the impact of stress.

Question 8

Seeking social support and emotion-focused coping are similar in that:

Accepted Answer

Both seeking social support and emotion-focused coping are indirect ways of dealing with problems and do not directly address the root cause of the problem. Seeking social support involves getting comfort and advice from others, while emotion-focused coping involves managing emotions related to the problem without necessarily solving the problem itself.

Question 9

Men are more likely than women to use strategies such as:

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have consistently shown that men tend to employ problem-focused coping strategies more often than women, meaning that they address the source of their stressors by finding solutions or taking action to change the situation. On the other hand, women are more likely to use emotion-focused coping and seek social support by expressing their emotions and seeking comfort from others.

Question 10

Cross-cultural studies have indicated that ____________ tend to use more problem-focused coping,whereas ____________ tend to favour the use of emotion-focused coping and seeking social support.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cross-cultural studies have indicated that ____________ tend...

Question 11

Ralph has learned to deal with his previously problematic test anxiety by reminding himself of what he needs to focus on during tests and by reinforcing himself when he doesn't get overly anxious during an exam.The things that Ralph is doing are most similar to which stress management skill?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ralph has learned to deal with his...

Question 12

All of the following are part of an effective stress-management program EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Using food or small amounts of alcohol to relax is not a part of an effective stress-management program. In fact, using these substances to cope with stress can lead to negative health consequences and potentially increase stress in the long run. A better approach would be to use mindfulness training, strong social support networks, and problem-focused coping skills to manage stress effectively.

Question 13

Women are more likely than men to use strategies such as:

Accepted Answer

Research has found that women are more likely than men to use both emotion-focused coping and seeking social support as coping strategies. This may be due to societal expectations and gender roles that value emotional expression and interpersonal relationships in women. However, women also use problem-focused coping strategies, but are just slightly less likely to use them than men.

Question 14

Wayne is being treated unfairly by his boss at work.Rather than confront him on this,Wayne decides to change his appraisals of his boss's behaviour in order to deal with it (e.g. ,"My boss is probably having a really crummy day and I bet he's very upset by the fact that his wife has left him.").Wayne's coping strategies are best classified as examples of:

Accepted Answer

Wayne's coping strategies involve changing his attitude towards his boss's behavior rather than addressing the actual problem. This is a form of emotion-focused coping, which involves managing one's emotional response to a stressful situation rather than directly solving the problem.

Question 15

Given that you have some control over your grades through studying,which of the following strategies would yield the most positive outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Problem-focused coping involves actively trying to change the situation causing stress. In this case, studying to improve grades directly addresses the issue at hand and would likely result in positive outcomes. Emotion-focused coping, seeking social support, and seeking cognitive support may provide emotional or mental relief but do not directly address the issue and may not have as significant an impact on grades.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a major way of coping with stress as identified by the text?:

Accepted Answer

The text does not identify physical rewards as a major way of coping with stress. Instead, it highlights problem-focused coping, seeking social support, and emotion-focused coping as the major ways of coping with stress.

Question 17

Research has revealed that women tend to use __________ coping more than men.In addition to gender schemas shaped largely by society,some theorists assert that this tendency may actually be strongly influenced by ___________ factors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research has revealed that women tend to...

Question 18

Which of the following is the best coping strategy?

Accepted Answer

The best coping strategy depends on the controllability of the stressor. Problem-focused coping is effective for controllable stressors, while emotion-focused coping is better for uncontrollable ones. Seeking social support can be beneficial in both scenarios.

Question 19

When presented with controllable situations,students typically assume that ____________ is the most effective coping strategy.Despite some noteworthy exceptions,research has indicated that this conclusion is generally valid.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that when presented with controllable situations, problem-focused coping is generally viewed as the most effective strategy by students. This involves actively taking steps to solve the problem and is contrasted with emotion-focused coping, which involves managing emotions related to the problem rather than directly tackling it. While seeking social support can be helpful in some situations, it is not always controllable and may not be effective as a sole coping strategy. Somatic coping involves physical measures like exercise or medication and may not be relevant in all situations.

Question 20

One of the maladaptive coping strategies used by adolescents is self-injury such as cutting.Use of this coping strategy suggests:

Accepted Answer

Self-injury such as cutting is a maladaptive coping strategy often used by adolescents to seek temporary relief from anxiety or stress. It is not necessarily an indication of suicidal intention or a precursor to harming others, nor is it a means of self-medicating.

Quiz 15: Stress, Coping, and Health

Twins James and Jane are facing their first test in college.Based on gender differences in coping strategies,we could expect that James will use _ and Jane will use ___.