Question 1

Time of day is related to criminal activities,with more aggressive crimes being committed in the evening than during the middle part of the day.In part,this is because of the relationship between time of day and ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Time of day is related to criminal...

Question 2

When participants were faced with resisting the temptation of a delicious looking donut,they were ____ than those in a control condition.

Accepted Answer

Resisting temptation can deplete self-control resources, leading to increased aggression as individuals have less capacity to regulate their emotions and behaviors.

Question 3

A bully's victim usually ________.

Accepted Answer

A bully's victim typically has less power than the bully, which is why they are being targeted. This can include a power differential in terms of physical strength, social status, or resource access.

Question 4

Among children,boys who bully others are motivated by a desire to ________.

Accepted Answer

Boys who bully others are often motivated by a desire to hold power over others and to be seen as part of a "tough" group.

Question 5

Research in which participants consumed alcohol or not found that later when playing a game in which the loser would experience a shock at a level set by the participant,

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that alcohol consumption can lead to increased aggression in both men and women, leading them to set higher levels of shock for their opponents in the described scenario.

Question 6

Anderson and colleagues (1997),in an archival study of the relationship between temperature and aggression,found that years with higher temperatures produced ___________.

Accepted Answer

Anderson and colleagues (1997) found that years with higher temperatures were associated with higher rates of violent crimes, but not higher rates of property crimes or sexual assaults.

Question 7

Victims who are bullied repeatedly and brutally may react by ________.

Accepted Answer

Victims of bullying who are repeatedly and brutally bullied may experience extreme despair, hopelessness, and anxiety, which can lead to suicidal thoughts and, in worst cases, suicide. It is essential to take bullying seriously and provide adequate support and intervention to prevent such tragic outcomes.

Question 8

Seeking revenge may harm both the one seeking revenge and the one against whom vengeful actions are taken.This is because ________.

Accepted Answer

Seeking revenge can lead to an escalation of retaliation, where each party seeks revenge against the other, leading to a cycle of violence and harm. This can harm both the person seeking revenge and the person against whom revenge is sought.

Question 9

The idea that providing angry persons with an opportunity to express their aggressive impulses in relatively safe ways will lead to a reduction in their tendencies to engage in more harmful kinds of aggression is the ________.

Accepted Answer

The catharsis hypothesis suggests that allowing individuals to express their aggressive impulses in safe ways, such as through punching a bag or screaming into a pillow, can provide a release of pent-up anger and reduce the likelihood of engaging in more harmful forms of aggression. However, research has not found strong support for this hypothesis and some studies indicate that engaging in aggressive behaviors may actually increase aggression.

Question 10

A behavioral pattern in which one person is chosen as the target of repeated aggression by one or more others is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The description given in the question matches the definition of bullying- a repeated aggression towards one individual by one or more individuals. This is a common phenomenon in various settings such as schools and workplaces. Displacement, frustration aggression, provocation, and incompatible aggression do not fit the given description.

Question 11

Higher levels of aggression are associated with alcohol because ________.

Accepted Answer

Alcohol impairs cognitive processing and reduces the ability to interpret social cues, leading to increased aggression.

Question 12

Bullies tend to believe that ________.

Accepted Answer

Bullies tend to believe that aggression and dominance over others will bring them respect and admiration from their peers. They often see intimidation and belittling behaviors as a way to elevate their social status and gain power over others.

Question 13

The four conditions that must be met for punishment to be effective are ________,________,________,and ________.

Accepted Answer

The four conditions that must be met for punishment to be effective are promptness (not delay), certainty (not just likelihood), strength (not mildness), and perceived fairness or deservedness by the recipient. Therefore, option D is the correct answer as it includes all four necessary conditions.

Question 14

When given an opportunity to decide how much punishment should be delivered to individuals convicted of different crimes,research has shown that most people are more strongly influenced by ________ and much less strongly influenced by ________.

Accepted Answer

According to the statement, most people are more strongly influenced by their beliefs about how much punishment is deserved and much less strongly influenced by information about the ease or difficulty involved in detecting a crime. Therefore, option C, which matches this description, is the correct answer. Option A, beliefs about the fairness of the judicial system and beliefs about the appropriateness of prison sentences, is not mentioned in the statement. Option B, information about the ease or difficulty involved in detecting a crime and beliefs about how much punishment is deserved, is only partially correct as people are less influenced by the former. Option D, beliefs about the deterrent effect of the punishment on other individuals and beliefs about whether forgiveness is merited, is not mentioned in the statement. Option E, beliefs about removing dangerous people from society in order to protect others and beliefs about how much punishment is deserved, is only partially correct as people are less influenced by the latter.

Question 15

One difference between bullies and their victims is that bullies ________,while victims ________.

Accepted Answer

Bullies tend to believe that others act the way they do intentionally or because of lasting characteristics, while victims perceive others as behaving the way they do due to external stimuli. This is due to the fact that bullies are more likely to have an internal locus of control, while victims have an external locus of control. Bullies believe that they have the power to influence and control their environment, while victims feel helpless and powerless to change their circumstances.

Question 16

The catharsis hypothesis suggests that providing people with an opportunity to express aggressive impulses in a safe manner will decrease their tendencies to engage in unacceptable forms of aggressive behavior.What does research on this hypothesis demonstrate/suggest?

Accepted Answer

Research on the catharsis hypothesis suggests that it may actually increase aggressive behavior rather than decrease it. Expressing aggressive impulses in a safe manner may actually serve to reinforce those impulses, leading to an increase in aggressive behavior.

Question 17

Programs that are intended to reduce bullying in schools or in prisons ________.

Accepted Answer

Programs to reduce bullying can be effective only if bullying is recognized as a serious problem and organizations take strong and appropriate steps to correct it. This involves creating a culture of respect and support, providing education and training to all members of the organization, and implementing clear policies and consequences for bullying behavior.

Question 18

Adolescents were given an opportunity to write about their most important personal values and why they held them.Then ratings of their aggression were obtained from classmates.Results show narcissists

Accepted Answer

Writing about personal values can lead to self-affirmation, which may reduce defensiveness and aggression in narcissists, making them less likely to be aggressive following the exercise.

Question 19

Punishment involves ________.

Accepted Answer

Punishment involves the delivery of aversive consequences to individuals when they engage in specific unwanted behaviors.

Question 20

Among children,girls who bully others are motivated by their desire to ________.

Accepted Answer

Girls who bully others often do so for multiple reasons, including the desire to exercise power over others, be part of a "tough" group, and lessen negative feelings associated with depression. These motivations reflect a complex interplay of social, emotional, and psychological factors.

Quiz 10: Aggression: Its Nature,causes,and Control