Question 1

Briefly describe and critique the principles used to establish the criteria for abnormality. Which definition best defines the concept of abnormality?

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

Immersion in cold water, inducing convulsions with insulin and electric shock were treatments based on the belief that sudden shock could produce recovery from mental illness.

Accepted Answer

These were indeed treatments that were used in the past based on the now outdated belief that sudden shock could cure mental illness.

Question 3

Compare and contrast the causes and treatment methods for madness used in Stone Age cultures and by the ancient Greeks and Romans and the Arabs.

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Question 4

In 1949, a French doctor discovered that soldiers were calmed before surgery by chloropromazine. He shared this finding with psychiatrists who had similar success in calming patients with serious mental illness; the success of this drug triggered the "pharmacological revolution" that followed.

Accepted Answer

The statement accurately describes the history of chloropromazine and its impact on the field of psychiatry.

Question 5

The growth of mental health services in Canada has been characterized by both positive and negative accomplishments. Describe two of the negative practices used and speculate on the importance of these events for modern practices.

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Question 6

Moral therapy was an important approach in the treatment of the mentally ill. Define the basis of this approach, describe the individuals responsible for promoting this approach, and why it lost popularity.

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Question 7

Compare and contrast the somatogenic and psychogenic approaches to mental health and describe the positive effect that these approaches have had.

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Question 8

Explanations for abnormal behaviour depend on various factors. Use several examples and describe some reasons why certain behaviours are or are not considered "abnormal."

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Question 9

Despite its aims, the mental hygiene movement of the 19th century did not meet its goals. Describe the reasons for this movement, the instrumental figures responsible for this movement, and the reasons behind its lack of success.

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Question 10

Technology-delivered psychotherapy is becoming more and more popular. Describe the opportunities and the challenges that psychologists and other mental health professionals face with the proliferation of technology?

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Question 11

Deinstitutionalization in the 1950s was a great success, thanks to the careful and advance planning of community mental health programs.

Accepted Answer

Deinstitutionalization in the 1950s was not a great success as there was a lack of planning and resources for community mental health programs to support those with mental illnesses after their release from institutions. This led to many individuals with mental illnesses becoming homeless, incarcerated, or without appropriate medical care. It was not until later decades that more comprehensive community mental health programs were implemented.

Question 12

Approaches to conceptualizing and treating abnormality have changed over time. Why is it valuable to be aware of the historical approaches to treating mental illness?

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Question 13

Describe the contributions of two historical persons in Europe who influenced the theory and treatment of mental illness.

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Question 14

After reading about the history of how mental illness has been dealt with, you are determined to advance the profession of psychology. You have been chosen to speak at a conference for the Canadian Psychological Association (CPA) Task Force to promote evidence-based practice (EBP) in clinical psychology. Define EBP, state the "goods" that it promises and how it can deliver them. Operationalize the concept of EBP for clinicians (i.e., what behaviours on the part of the clinician are entailed by a commitment to EBP?); make recommendations for how this could be implemented in one's practice and spread throughout the profession.

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Question 15

The early efforts of Canadian provincial governments to care for the insane were characterized by an unsystematic approach.

Accepted Answer

Provincial governments in Canada initially had an unsystematic approach to caring for the insane.

Question 16

Mesmer's work with hysteria sparked an interest in psychological explanations of disorders.

Accepted Answer

Mesmer's work with hysteria, which involved hypnotism, laid the foundation for the study of psychological explanations and treatments for mental disorders.

Question 17

Albert Bandura and Richard Walters were responsible for developing cognitive behavioural therapy.

Accepted Answer

Albert Bandura is a well-known psychologist who developed the social learning theory, but he did not co-develop cognitive behavioural therapy with Richard Walters. Cognitive behavioural therapy was developed by Aaron Beck and Albert Ellis in the 1960s.

Question 18

Describe why the discovery that syphilis was the cause of general paresis was important to the modern view of mental illness.

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Quiz 1: Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History