Question 1

Who developed the transtheoretical model?

Accepted Answer

The transtheoretical model was developed by Prochaska, along with DiClemente and Norcross, in the 1980s.

Question 2

MI and TTM are theories that have been supported by numerous empirical studies.

Accepted Answer

MI (Motivational Interviewing) and TTM (Transtheoretical Model) are evidence-based theories that have been supported by several empirical studies.

Question 3

Both motivational interviewing (MI) and the transtheoretical model of behavioral change
(TTM) approaches originated with and have been used extensively with the treatment of substance abuse and addiction disorders, and the treatment of such disorders forms a significant proportion of psychotherapy.

Accepted Answer

Both motivational interviewing and the transtheoretical model of behavioral change have been developed and extensively used for the treatment of substance abuse and addiction disorders. While these approaches are not limited to this area of psychotherapy, they do have a significant presence in its treatment.

Question 4

In this stage, people have little intention of changing their behavior in the near future.

Accepted Answer

Pre-contemplation is a stage in the Stages of Change model where individuals are not yet considering changing their behavior and have no intention of doing so in the immediate future. This stage is characterized by a lack of awareness of the need for change or a resistance to change due to a lack of confidence or a fear of failure.

Question 5

The transtheoretical model of change is constructed around three critical organizing dimensions including all but which:

Accepted Answer

The three critical organizing dimensions of the transtheoretical model of change are the stages, the processes, and the levels of change. The therapeutic alliance is not considered a critical organizing dimension, although it may be a factor that plays a role in facilitating change.

Question 6

In this stage, Individuals have made a commitment to make a change.

Accepted Answer

The stage where individuals have made a commitment to change is called the preparation stage. They are now ready to take action towards their goal.

Question 7

Miller and Rollnick (2010) have claimed that there are four fundamental processes involved in motivational interviewing including all but which:

Accepted Answer

The four fundamental processes involved in motivational interviewing are engaging, focusing, evoking, and planning. Empathizing is an important aspect of engaging and building rapport with clients, but it is not one of the four fundamental processes identified by Miller and Rollnick.

Question 8

Who is considered to be the "father" and the first major developer of Motivational Interviewing primarily because of his seminal 1983 article, "Motivational Interviewing with Problem Drinkers"?

Accepted Answer

Miller is considered to be the "father" and the first major developer of Motivational Interviewing primarily because of his seminal 1983 article, "Motivational Interviewing with Problem Drinkers".

Question 9

MI practitioners can only include psychologists and nurses.

Accepted Answer

MI practitioners can include a wide range of healthcare professionals, including but not limited to psychologists and nurses. Other examples include social workers, counselors, physicians, and addiction specialists.

Question 10

Rollnick is one of the co-founders of the _______ network.

Accepted Answer

Rollnick is one of the co-founders of the Motivational Interviewing Network of Trainers (MINT), which is a global organization of trainers in motivational interviewing.

Question 11

Prochaska & DiClemente (1983) identified ____ processes of change.

Accepted Answer

Prochaska & DiClemente identified 10 processes of change in their Transtheoretical Model of behavior change.

Question 12

Miller maintained that a person's motivation to change is influenced by his or her

Accepted Answer

Miller's theory emphasizes the role of self-esteem in motivating individuals to change, as it affects their belief in their ability to succeed and make positive changes.

Question 13

One technique some MI clinicians use to increase client discrepancy is the ________ approach.

Accepted Answer

The "Columbo" approach is a technique used in MI to increase client discrepancy. It is named after the TV detective who often appeared to be disorganized and confused, but was actually methodically working towards a solution. In the MI context, the clinician uses this approach to ask questions that appear naive or off-topic, but ultimately lead the client to consider discrepancies between their current behavior and their goals or values.

Question 14

MI clinicians agree that confronting clients can bring about resistance.

Accepted Answer

MI (Motivational Interviewing) is based on the belief that clients are more likely to change their behavior when they feel respected and heard, rather than being confronted or coerced. Confrontation can often lead to defensiveness and resistance. Therefore, MI clinicians usually try to avoid confrontation and instead use techniques like reflective listening, open-ended questions, and empathy to help clients explore their motivations for change.

Question 15

Motivational interviewing does not present a description about how maladaptive behavior or psychopathology develops within a person.

Accepted Answer

Motivational interviewing focuses on exploring and resolving ambivalence within a person, rather than providing an explanation for the development of maladaptive behavior or psychopathology.

Question 16

In this stage, people believe they have the ability to make changes regarding the target behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In this stage, people believe they have...

Question 17

There are three essential elements in any definition of MI including all but which:

Accepted Answer

The third essential element in any definition of MI is that the objective of MI is to help the client resolve ambivalence and become free from unfinished business, not simply to become free from unfinished business without resolving ambivalence. Choices A, B, and D are all correct elements in a definition of MI.

Question 18

Definitions of motivational interviewing have evolved since:

Accepted Answer

Motivational interviewing was first introduced by William R. Miller in 1983, and its definitions and applications have evolved since then.

Question 19

MI relies on the personality constructs that ________ created in his person-centered counseling.

Accepted Answer

MI, or motivational interviewing, was developed by William R. Miller and Stephen Rollnick and is based on the person-centered counseling approach created by Carl Rogers. Therefore, the personality constructs used in MI are based on Rogers' work.

Question 20

"I am worried about what is happening to my life" is an example of:

Accepted Answer

The statement is an expression of concern or emotion, which falls under the category of affective expression. It is not necessarily an indicator of cognitive recognition of the problem or an implicit/explicit statement about the client's intention to change behavior. There is also no mention of optimism about one's ability to make the desired change.

Quiz 10: Motivational Interviewing and the Stages of Change Theory