Question 1

Violent crime and spousal abuse rates have been found to be higher during

Accepted Answer

The answer of Violent crime and spousal abuse rates have...

Question 2

A testosterone-linked trait that is also a predictor of men's aggressiveness is the ________ of their face.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that men with wider faces tend to have higher testosterone levels and exhibit more aggressive behavior.

Question 3

People heavily exposed to pornography are ________ likely to accept the rape myth and are ________ likely to perceive their own sexual partner as attractive.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that people heavily exposed to pornography are more likely to accept the rape myth, which perpetuates the idea that women enjoy being forced into sex and that they are to blame if they are raped. On the other hand, such individuals are less likely to perceive their own sexual partners as attractive, as their unrealistic expectations of physical perfection and sexual performance can lead to dissatisfaction with real-life partners.

Question 4

A significant danger of media violence is that impressionable viewers are subsequently more likely to enact the ________ provided by the media.

Accepted Answer

Social scripts refer to the behaviors and actions that are modeled and portrayed in media. Media violence can provide a blueprint for how individuals may act in certain situations, especially if they perceive violence as a viable solution to a problem. This can lead to an increased likelihood of individuals enacting these behaviors, particularly if they are impressionable and lack other means of resolving conflict.

Question 5

After a month of watching violent pornographic movies on late-night cable TV, Myron will probably be

Accepted Answer

Watching violent pornographic movies can desensitize individuals to aggression, making them more likely to interpret women's friendliness as sexual interest. This can lead to the normalization of sexual harassment and assault. However, there is no evidence to suggest that watching violent pornographic movies would change an individual's beliefs about rape being a serious crime or the frequency of its occurrence. It may even perpetuate harmful myths and misconceptions about rape.

Question 6

High rates of violence are most common among those who experience minimal levels of

Accepted Answer

Minimal levels of father care are associated with higher rates of violence, as lack of paternal involvement can lead to issues such as poor emotional regulation and increased aggression.

Question 7

Professor Lindsten emphasized that aggressive behavior often involves the interactive influence of personal frustration, exposure to aggressive models, and heightened levels of arousal. The professor's emphasis best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The professor's emphasis on the interaction of personal, environmental, and biological factors reflects a biopsychosocial approach to understanding aggressive behavior. This approach emphasizes the interplay between biological, psychological, and social factors in explaining human behavior. The other options - attribution theory, reciprocity norm, and social facilitation - do not capture the same level of complexity in explaining the causes of aggressive behavior.

Question 8

A predisposition to sexual violence is facilitated by

Accepted Answer

All of these factors - dominance motives, a history of child abuse, and the disinhibiting effects of alcohol - have been found to contribute to a predisposition to sexual violence. Dominance motives can lead individuals to seek power and control over others, including through sexual violence. A history of child abuse has been linked to higher rates of perpetrating sexual violence as adults. Alcohol consumption can lower inhibitions and impair judgment, potentially facilitating behaviors that one would not engage in while sober.

Question 9

Social scripts refers to

Accepted Answer

Social scripts refer to culturally modeled guides for how to act in various situations. These scripts provide a framework for social interactions by dictating appropriate behaviors, gestures, and speech patterns in different contexts. They can be specific to certain cultures or subcultures, and can change over time. Social scripts can help individuals navigate complex social situations and ensure that they are behaving in a socially acceptable way.

Question 10

Portrayals of women as initially fleeing but subsequently enjoying coercive sexual encounters illustrate what is known as

Accepted Answer

The portrayal of women as initially fleeing but eventually enjoying coercive sexual encounters perpetuates the rape myth, which is the belief that women secretly desire rape or cannot be raped if they do not resist fiercely enough. This is a harmful and false belief.

Question 11

After Ravi lost the student election for president of his high school class, he spread false rumors intended to spoil the newly chosen president's reputation. Ravi's behavior is best explained in terms of the

Accepted Answer

The frustration-aggression principle suggests that frustration often results in aggression or other forms of irrational and negative behavior. Ravi's loss in the election may have caused him to feel frustrated, leading him to engage in the aggressive behavior of spreading false rumors about the newly elected president.

Question 12

A study of German adolescents found that today's violent game playing ________ their future aggression. Today's aggression ________ their future violent game playing.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is that today's violent game playing predicts their future aggression, and today's aggression does not predict their future violent game playing. This suggests a one-way relationship where exposure to violent games can increase aggression over time, but initial aggression levels do not necessarily lead to more engagement with violent games.

Question 13

Parents who discipline their children with beatings are often teaching aggression through the process of

Accepted Answer

When parents discipline their children with beatings, they are demonstrating aggressive behavior as a means of controlling their child's behavior. Modeling is the process of learning through watching and imitating the behavior of others, and in this case, the child may learn that using violence is an acceptable solution to problems. Therefore, choice C - modeling - is the best answer. Choices A, B, and D do not accurately describe the process of how beatings teach aggression.

Question 14

Compared with nonplayers, people with extensive exposure to violent video gaming display ________ desensitization to violence, and they are ________ likely to help an injured victim.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that extensive exposure to violent video games can lead to increased desensitization to violence, making individuals less sensitive to violent acts and less likely to help an injured victim.

Question 15

One aggression-replacement program has brought down re-arrest rates of juvenile offenders by

Accepted Answer

Encouraging juvenile offenders to engage in more thoughtful moral reasoning can help them develop skills to communicate more effectively, manage their emotions better, and solve problems without resorting to aggression. This approach can also help them develop empathy and consider the consequences of their actions, which can reduce the likelihood of future re-arrest. Desensitizing them to violent acts or exposing them to adult models of aggression can actually increase the likelihood of re-offending, while allowing them to play violent video games when they feel angry does not address the underlying issues that led to their criminal behavior.

Question 16

Extensive exposure to violent pornographic films contributes to a(n)

Accepted Answer

Extensive exposure to violent pornographic films contributes to an increasing willingness to hurt women that is due primarily to the film's depiction of sexual violence. Research has shown that individuals who are exposed to violent pornography are more likely to believe that women enjoy being raped, that women want to be forced into sex, and that rape victims are responsible for their own victimization. This can lead to an increased acceptance of violence against women and a decreased understanding of what sexual consent means.

Question 17

A culturally provided conception as to how to behave appropriately during an employment interview is best described as a

Accepted Answer

A socially provided conception on how to behave appropriately during an employment interview is a social script, which is a set of behaviors and expectations that are culturally specific and relevant to a particular situation or context. Stereotypes are fixed and oversimplified beliefs about a group of people, social facilitation is the tendency for individuals to perform better on simple tasks and worse on complex tasks when in the presence of others, and superordinate goals are shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation.

Question 18

One analysis revealed that pitchers were more likely to hit batters when the previous batter had hit a home run. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The frustration-aggression principle suggests that frustration often leads to aggressive behavior. In this case, the pitcher may feel frustrated after giving up a home run and express this frustration by hitting the next batter.

Question 19

Bullying younger children earns Diego the attention and respect of many classmates. As a result, his bullying behavior increases. This most clearly suggests that his aggression is a(n)

Accepted Answer

The fact that Diego's bullying behavior increases as he receives attention and respect from his classmates suggests that his aggression is a learned behavior. He has learned that bullying gets him the desired result of attention and respect, so he continues to engage in this behavior.

Quiz 45: A: Antisocial Relations