Question 1

Among Americans scoring in the top 1 in 10,000 on the ________ at age 12 or 13, more than half have earned doctorates.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is the SAT. Studies have shown that Americans who score in the top 1 in 10,000 on the SAT at age 12 or 13 have a high likelihood of achieving significant academic success, including earning doctorates, later in life. This is because the SAT, particularly when taken at such a young age, can be indicative of exceptional intellectual potential.

Question 2

Educators who wish to affirm children's special talents and challenge them at the frontiers of their understanding advocate appropriate

Accepted Answer

Developmental placement is the practice of placing students in educational programs that are developmentally appropriate for their level of understanding and challenge them based on their abilities and talents. This approach aims to ensure that students are appropriately challenged and that their individual strengths are recognized and developed. The other options, hybrid vigor, factor analysis, and heritability estimates, are not relevant to this context.

Question 3

Sorting children into "gifted child" education programs is most likely to be criticized for

Accepted Answer

Sorting children into "gifted child" education programs based on intelligence test scores can perpetuate and widen the achievement gap between higher- and lower-ability groups. It can also fail to account for factors such as socio-economic status and cultural biases in testing.

Question 4

Although Susan is a brilliant pianist and highly acclaimed ballet dancer, her high school intelligence test scores were only average. What does Susan's experience suggest regarding the reliability and validity of intelligence tests.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although Susan is a brilliant pianist and...

Question 5

To qualify for the office manager's job, 55-year-old Mariel must take a series of psychological tests. Her performance on the test of ________ is likely to be poorer than if she had taken it as a 25-year-old.

Accepted Answer

Abstract reasoning involves the ability to analyze and solve complex problems using logic and visualization. This ability tends to decline with age, especially after the age of 40. Therefore, Mariel's performance on this test is likely to be poorer than if she had taken it as a younger person.

Question 6

You have been hired by a large public school system to construct a musical aptitude test. Describe how you would standardize your test and assess its reliability and validity. Explain why it might be more difficult to develop a valid musical aptitude test than a reliable one.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have been hired by a large...

Question 7

Those diagnosed with an intellectual disability score approximately 70 or below on an intelligence test and also demonstrate a limitation in

Accepted Answer

Intellectual disability is defined as having an IQ score below 70 along with limitations in adaptive behavior, which refers to a person's ability to adapt to everyday life and self-care skills. Therefore, option C is the best choice as it describes the defining characteristic of intellectual disability.

Question 8

The high positive correlations between scores received on comparable sections of the SAT and GRE provide evidence for the ________ of these test scores.

Accepted Answer

Reliability refers to the consistency and stability of test scores over time, across different test versions, and among different raters. The high positive correlations between comparable sections of the SAT and GRE indicate that these test scores are typically consistent and stable, which supports the idea that they are reliable measures of knowledge and abilities. Validity, on the other hand, refers to the extent to which a test actually measures what it claims to measure. While high correlations can provide some support for validity, it is not enough to establish validity on its own. Standardization refers to the process of administering and scoring a test consistently for all test-takers, which is important for ensuring fairness and accuracy of test results. Normal distribution refers to the statistical distribution of scores that typically follows a bell-shaped curve, but is not directly related to the reliability or validity of test scores.

Question 9

Intelligence scores are most likely to be stable over a one-year period for a

Accepted Answer

The answer of Intelligence scores are most likely to be...

Question 10

Explaining why the best work of scientists is often produced in early adulthood while that of novelists often originates during middle adulthood requires a distinction between

Accepted Answer

The distinction between fluid and crystallized intelligence, which refer to the ability to reason and problem-solve versus accumulated knowledge and experience, respectively, best explains why scientists tend to produce their best work during early adulthood when fluid intelligence is at its peak, while novelists may produce their best work during middle adulthood when crystallized intelligence is at its height. The other options do not provide an appropriate explanation for this phenomenon.

Question 11

Terman's studies of 1500 California children with IQ scores over 135 indicated that these high-scoring children

Accepted Answer

Terman's studies found that high-scoring children were generally well-adjusted, with good social skills, self-confidence, and emotional stability. They were also physically healthy and tended to come from families with high socioeconomic status. However, the studies did not examine creativity or math grades, so options C and D cannot be supported.

Question 12

An IQ of approximately 70 or below and difficulty adapting to the normal demands of life is most clearly an indication of

Accepted Answer

An IQ of approximately 70 or below and difficulty adapting to the normal demands of life is most commonly referred to as intellectual disability.

Question 13

The restandardization of intelligence tests over the past decade renders ________ Americans eligible for special education and ________ Americans eligible for the death penalty.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The restandardization of intelligence tests over the...

Question 14

Over the past 50 or so years, children with mental retardation have increasingly been likely to

Accepted Answer

Over the past 50 years, there has been a shift towards mainstreaming children with mental retardation into regular school classrooms. This has been a movement towards inclusion and providing opportunities for these children to develop social and academic skills alongside their non-disabled peers.

Question 15

Women scoring in the highest 25 percent on the Scottish national intelligence test at age 11 tended to ________ than those who scored in the lowest 25 percent.

Accepted Answer

The passage states that women who scored in the highest 25 percent on the Scottish national intelligence test at age 11 tended to live longer.

Question 16

Fluid intelligence refers most directly to a person's

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence refers to a person's ability to reason speedily and abstractly, independent of acquired knowledge or skills.

Question 17

The ability to learn a new computer software program is to ________ as knowledge of state capitals is to ________.

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence involves the ability to learn and adapt to new situations, such as learning a new computer software program, while crystallized intelligence refers to accumulated knowledge, such as knowing state capitals. Therefore, the ability to learn a new computer software program is to fluid intelligence as knowledge of state capitals is to crystallized intelligence.

Quiz 30: Assessing Intelligence