Question 1

In spite of countless time­saving devices-automobiles,telephones,photocopiers,fax machines,and so on-most of us complain about a relative lack of

Accepted Answer

Despite the presence of many time-saving devices, we still feel that we don't have enough time. This suggests that time is the most common complaint, rather than a lack of money or information, or an excess of work.

Question 2

Until the 1950s,psychologists were found almost exclusively in

Accepted Answer

Until the 1950s, psychologists were primarily found in academic institutions, where they conducted research and taught psychology courses. It wasn't until later that psychologists began to also work in private industry or mental health facilities. While some may have worked in psychiatric wards of hospitals, it was not the primary location for psychologists during this time period.

Question 3

Compared to other methods of drawing conclusions about behavior,the major advantages of the scientific approach are

Accepted Answer

The scientific approach emphasizes clarity and precision, allowing for a more objective and reliable understanding of behavior. It is also relatively intolerant of error, which helps ensure accuracy in the findings. These advantages make the scientific approach a preferred method for drawing conclusions about behavior. Option A is incorrect because the scientific approach emphasizes empiricism (relying on objective observations) rather than subjectivity. Option B is incorrect because the scientific approach strives to minimize bias, and while it does enable generalization of findings, this is not its primary advantage. Option D is incorrect because the scientific approach aims to be value-free and objective, rather than allowing for subjective value judgments, and statistics are only one tool used to analyze data, not a defining feature of the approach.

Question 4

Which of the following is the best definition of psychology?

Accepted Answer

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It encompasses the study of how people think, feel, and behave in various situations. Psychologists use their knowledge to solve practical problems and help individuals and communities. Therefore, option B, which defines psychology as the study of behavior and the profession that applies knowledge from these studies to solving practical problems, is the most accurate definition.

Question 5

The rapid growth of clinical psychology was stimulated mainly by

Accepted Answer

The demands of World War II led to a need for psychological assessment and treatment of soldiers, which prompted the rapid growth of clinical psychology.

Question 6

According to Schwartz,increased freedom of choice available in modern societies

Accepted Answer

According to Schwartz, the increased freedom of choice available in modern societies has contributed to depression and anxiety. This is because with so many options available, individuals can become overwhelmed and anxious about making the "right" decision. Additionally, with more choices comes more opportunity for regret and dissatisfaction with the chosen option.

Question 7

"Psychobabble" is best defined as

Accepted Answer

"Psychobabble" refers to language that is vague, confusing, or poorly-defined in the field of psychology. It may include buzzwords or jargon that are not well-understood or misused. Therefore, the best definition of "psychobabble" is ill-defined terminology.

Question 8

Which of the following should you look for in self-help books?

Accepted Answer

A good self-help book should have clarity in communication, focus on a particular kind of problem, and some mention of the theoretical or research basis for the advice. A book that has all of these qualities will be the most effective in helping you improve yourself.

Question 9

This text assumes the key to effective adjustment is to

Accepted Answer

The text suggests that the key to effective adjustment is to take charge of your own life, meet problems head-on, and take an active role in improving the quality of your life. Therefore, all of the above options (A, B, and C) are correct.

Question 10

You can reasonably expect some assistance from a book that is intended to help you to

Accepted Answer

Losing 20 pounds every month (A) is an unrealistic and unhealthy goal. Building muscle overnight (C) is impossible. Finding the "thin person" inside of you (D) is not a healthy or realistic approach to weight loss. Learning to eat more healthily and gradually including more exercise in your weekly routine (B) is a reasonable and healthy approach to weight loss, and a book that assists with this would be helpful.

Question 11

"Any overt response or activity by an organism" defines the term

Accepted Answer

The definition provided is the exact definition of behavior. Empiricism, psychology, and mental processes all relate to the study of behavior and the mind, but they do not define the given term.

Question 12

Clinical psychology is primarily concerned with

Accepted Answer

Clinical psychology is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems through therapy and interventions. Clinical psychologists are trained to assess, diagnose, and treat individuals suffering from various mental health concerns such as anxiety, depression, personality disorders, and psychotic disorders. They aim to improve the quality of life of their clients and promote their mental health and well-being.

Question 13

__________ is the premise that knowledge should be acquired through observation.

Accepted Answer

Empiricism is the philosophical concept that asserts knowledge comes from sensory experience, usually from observations resulting from scientific method.

Question 14

The paradox of progress in the textbook refers to the idea that

Accepted Answer

The paradox of progress refers to the idea that despite unparalleled advances in technology, we seem to have more social and personal difficulties. This is because as technology advances, our dependence on it increases, creating new challenges and problems.

Question 15

Which of the following is the basis of empiricism?

Accepted Answer

Empiricism is based on the idea that knowledge comes from systematic observation and experience rather than from innate ideas or intuition. Correlation may be important in empirical research, but it alone does not form the basis of empiricism. Logic and common sense can be used in combination with empirical methods, but they do not form the basis of empiricism. Therefore, systematic observation is the best choice as the basis of empiricism.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT one of the underlying assumptions of this textbook?

Accepted Answer

Option A is not an assumption but a false statement. The textbook emphasizes the value of self-help and personal responsibility in achieving effective adjustment, and does not suggest that consulting a professional psychologist is the only way to change behavior.

Question 17

Modern Western society has made extraordinary technological progress

Accepted Answer

While modern Western society has certainly seen incredible technological advancements, social and personal problems such as mental illness, obesity, and social inequality still remain prevalent and often have a more prominent presence due to the increased visibility provided by technology and the media.

Question 18

Technology has enabled humankind to exercise unprecedented control over many aspects of the physical world but at the same time has also created serious

Accepted Answer

The use of technology has led to environmental problems such as pollution, climate change, and depletion of natural resources. These problems have serious consequences for human health and the sustainability of the planet.

Question 19

The term __________ refers to the psychological processes through which people manage or cope with the demands and challenges of everyday life.

Accepted Answer

Adjustment refers to the psychological processes people use to cope with the demands and challenges of everyday life. Adaptation refers to a broader process of changing in response to environmental demands, while personality refers to enduring patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that shape a person's experience of the world. Mental health refers to a person's overall psychological well-being.

Question 20

The process of adjustment relates to

Accepted Answer

The process of adjustment involves how individuals manage stress, interact within groups, and form relationships such as friendship and love, encompassing all the options provided.

Quiz 1: Adjusting to Modern Life

In spite of countless timesaving devices-automobiles,telephones,photocopiers,fax machines,and so on-most of us complain about a relative lack of

Until the 1950s,psychologists were found almost exclusively in

Compared to other methods of drawing conclusions about behavior,the major advantages of the scientific approach are

Which of the following is the best definition of psychology?

The rapid growth of clinical psychology was stimulated mainly by

According to Schwartz,increased freedom of choice available in modern societies

"Psychobabble" is best defined as

Which of the following should you look for in self-help books?

This text assumes the key to effective adjustment is to

You can reasonably expect some assistance from a book that is intended to help you to

"Any overt response or activity by an organism" defines the term

Clinical psychology is primarily concerned with

__________ is the premise that knowledge should be acquired through observation.

The paradox of progress in the textbook refers to the idea that

Which of the following is the basis of empiricism?

Which of the following is NOT one of the underlying assumptions of this textbook?

Modern Western society has made extraordinary technological progress

Technology has enabled humankind to exercise unprecedented control over many aspects of the physical world but at the same time has also created serious

The term __________ refers to the psychological processes through which people manage or cope with the demands and challenges of everyday life.

The process of adjustment relates to

Quiz 1: Adjusting to Modern Life

In spite of countless time­saving devices-automobiles,telephones,photocopiers,fax machines,and so on-most of us complain about a relative lack of

Until the 1950s,psychologists were found almost exclusively in

Compared to other methods of drawing conclusions about behavior,the major advantages of the scientific approach are

Which of the following is the best definition of psychology?

The rapid growth of clinical psychology was stimulated mainly by

According to Schwartz,increased freedom of choice available in modern societies

"Psychobabble" is best defined as

Which of the following should you look for in self-help books?

This text assumes the key to effective adjustment is to

You can reasonably expect some assistance from a book that is intended to help you to

"Any overt response or activity by an organism" defines the term

Clinical psychology is primarily concerned with

__________ is the premise that knowledge should be acquired through observation.

The paradox of progress in the textbook refers to the idea that

Which of the following is the basis of empiricism?

Which of the following is NOT one of the underlying assumptions of this textbook?

Modern Western society has made extraordinary technological progress

Technology has enabled humankind to exercise unprecedented control over many aspects of the physical world but at the same time has also created serious

The term __________ refers to the psychological processes through which people manage or cope with the demands and challenges of everyday life.

The process of adjustment relates to

In spite of countless timesaving devices-automobiles,telephones,photocopiers,fax machines,and so on-most of us complain about a relative lack of