Question 1

Fernando Henrique Cardoso's version of dependency theory took into account conditions within developing countries that influenced the nature of their dependency.

Accepted Answer

Fernando Henrique Cardoso's version of dependency theory, also known as the "dependent development" approach, acknowledged internal factors and dynamics within developing countries that contributed to their dependency on external forces.

Question 2

Many political scientists argue that a large number of Third World countries are now overdeveloped.

Accepted Answer

Political scientists generally argue that many Third World countries are actually underdeveloped or developing, rather than overdeveloped. Overdevelopment implies a situation where a country has developed beyond its means, resulting in problems such as unsustainable resource use and environmental degradation. This is not the case in most Third World countries.

Question 3

Third World countries are simply those that do not belong to the First or Second Worlds.

Accepted Answer

The term "Third World" originally referred to countries that were not aligned with either the capitalist First World or the communist Second World during the Cold War. It has since been used to refer to countries with lower levels of socioeconomic development, but the term is becoming outdated and is generally considered derogatory.

Question 4

Modernization theorists stressed the importance of cultural values in explaining underdevelopment.

Accepted Answer

Modernization theorists believed that traditional cultural values and practices were impediments to development and that the adoption of modern Western values would lead to progress and prosperity. This view has been criticized for neglecting the impact of historical, political, and economic factors on development.

Question 5

Governments that are legitimate

Accepted Answer

A legitimate government is one that is recognized as having the right to rule by its citizens. While having a strong legal system and obeying the law are important factors, they are not sufficient on their own to make a government legitimate. Admittance to the United Nations is also not a definitive marker of legitimacy, as there are many non-member states that are widely recognized as legitimate governments. Additionally, a government can be democratic and still be legitimate if it is viewed as having the right to rule by its citizens.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about Third World economies is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements about Third...

Question 7

The labels "Third World" and LDCs can be used interchangeably.

Accepted Answer

Both labels refer to countries that are economically and socially underdeveloped. "Third World" is an outdated term that was originally used during the Cold War to describe countries that were not aligned with either the capitalist First World or the communist Second World. "Less developed countries (LDCs)" is a more modern term used by the United Nations to classify countries with low human development and economic vulnerability.

Question 8

Political development

Accepted Answer

Political development usually correlates with economic development. This is because stable political institutions are often necessary for economic growth and development. Additionally, political stability and good governance can encourage foreign investment and promote economic reform. However, political development may not always correlate with social development as governments may prioritize economic growth over social welfare.

Question 9

To be classified as a Third World nation,a country must be economically,socially,and politically underdeveloped.

Accepted Answer

The term "Third World" originally referred to countries that were not aligned with either the NATO bloc (First World) or the Communist bloc (Second World) during the Cold War, rather than their level of development.

Question 10

Which of these statements regarding the overall level of Third World poverty in recent decades is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

The statement that the number of women dying during childbirth has increased is NOT true. In fact, there has been a decrease in maternal mortality rates in recent decades.

Question 11

Which region of the developing world is best known for its "economic miracle?"

Accepted Answer

East Asia, particularly countries like Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan, are known for their "economic miracle." These countries experienced rapid economic growth and development in the second half of the 20th century, becoming some of the wealthiest and most advanced economies in the world.

Question 12

Early dependency theorists accurately predicted rapid industrialization in East Asia.

Accepted Answer

Early dependency theorists generally argued that peripheral countries would remain underdeveloped and dependent on core countries, not foreseeing the rapid industrialization and economic growth in East Asia.

Question 13

Early modernization theorists erroneously assumed that "all good things go together."

Accepted Answer

Early modernization theorists believed that economic growth, social development, and political modernization were interconnected, and they assumed that progress in one area would automatically lead to progress in others. However, this assumption has been challenged by empirical realities and the complexities of social and political systems.

Question 14

Modernization theorists believe that developing countries benefit from increased contact with industrialized nations.

Accepted Answer

Modernization theorists argue that developing countries can benefit from increased contact with industrialized nations in terms of technology transfer, access to global markets, and economic growth. They believe that by adopting Western models of economic development and modernization, developing nations can catch up with the developed world and improve their living standards.

Question 15

The HDI is a multi-variable measure of political underdevelopment.

Accepted Answer

The HDI (Human Development Index) is actually a multi-variable measure of development and includes factors such as income, education, and life expectancy. It is not specifically focused on political underdevelopment.

Question 16

Dependency theory played a major role in U.S.foreign policy toward less developed countries during the Cold War against communism.

Accepted Answer

Dependency theory primarily emerged as a critique of modernization theory and the global capitalist system, focusing on the relationships between developed and developing countries. It did not play a major role in shaping U.S. foreign policy, which was more influenced by containment strategies and the desire to prevent the spread of communism rather than the principles of dependency theory.

Question 17

One important component of political underdevelopment is political corruption.

Accepted Answer

Political corruption undermines the democratic process and erodes public trust in government, leading to political underdevelopment. It can also have severe economic consequences, hindering investment and deterring foreign aid. Therefore, political corruption is a significant factor in political underdevelopment.

Question 18

East Asia's per capita income is the highest among the Third World's regions.

Accepted Answer

East Asia's per capita income is not the highest among the Third World's regions; other regions such as the Middle East have higher per capita incomes.

Question 19

An income ratio compares the richest segment of society to the poorest segment.

Accepted Answer

An income ratio is a measure of inequality that compares the income or wealth of the richest segment of society to the poorest segment. It is often expressed as a ratio or percentage. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 20

The United States has higher income concentration (more inequality)than a heavy majority of developing countries.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The United States has higher income concentration...

Quiz 1: Understanding Underdevelopment