Question 1

Which one of the following is the best example of extrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

Wanting a good grade in your history class is an example of extrinsic motivation because the motivation comes from external factors (the desire to achieve a good grade) rather than an internal desire or enjoyment of the subject matter itself.

Question 2

The four statements below describe effects that motivation may have on cognition and/or behavior. Three of the statements are accurate. Which one is not necessarily accurate?

Accepted Answer

Motivation typically enhances memory for information that is relevant to the task at hand, not irrelevant information.

Question 3

Three of the following are true statements about intrinsic and/or extrinsic motivation in instructional settings. Which one is false?

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are not mutually exclusive and students can have both types of motivation simultaneously.

Question 4

Which one of the following examples best illustrates the concept of situated motivation?

Accepted Answer

Situated motivation refers to the idea that motivation can vary depending on the specific situation or context. In this example, Ophelia's motivation to learn history has changed from being bored to being interested, likely due to her teacher's ability to make the subject more engaging. This shift in motivation is specific to her experience in this particular history class and is an example of situated motivation. The other options involve more generalized types of motivation or fear-based motivation that are not dependent on the specific context.

Question 5

Janice finds playing the fiddle to be a wonderful outlet for self-expression. In terms of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Janice is striving to fulfill:

Accepted Answer

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, self-actualization is the highest level of need, representing the need for personal growth, fulfillment, and realizing one's full potential. Janice's pursuit of playing the fiddle as a means of self-expression and personal growth aligns with this level of need.

Question 6

Drive reduction theory is no longer as popular as it was in early conceptions of motivation. Which one of the following research findings contributed to the demise of drive reduction theory?

Accepted Answer

Drive reduction theory assumes that organisms seek to reduce their drives (such as hunger, thirst, and other physiological needs) to maintain homeostasis. However, research has shown that organisms sometimes behave in ways that increase rather than reduce drive, such as social behavior or exploration. This contradicts the basic assumption of drive reduction theory and contributed to its demise as a comprehensive theory of motivation.

Question 7

Day after day, Raymond's history teacher lectures about the subject matter in a dry, unengaging manner and expects students simply to sit quietly and take notes. To make class a little more exciting for himself and the students sitting near him, Raymond often draws cartoon faces on the tips of his fingers and performs little finger-puppet shows at his desk. Raymond's behavior in class can probably best be explained as:

Accepted Answer

Raymond's behavior of drawing cartoon faces on his fingers and performing little finger-puppet shows indicates that he is seeking some form of entertainment or stimulation in an otherwise unengaging classroom environment. This suggests that his behavior is driven by a need for arousal, which is a psychological concept related to the human desire for novelty, excitement, and challenge.

Question 8

From Maslow's perspective, which one of the following best reflects a deficiency need?

Accepted Answer

Maslow's hierarchy of needs includes five levels of needs, with physiological and safety needs being the most basic. The fear of physical harm, such as being beaten up by someone, is a clear indication of a deficiency need related to safety and security. Choices A, B, and C are related to higher-level needs such as self-expression, knowledge, and intellectual curiosity.

Question 9

Which one of the following statements is consistent with Hull's notion of how both habit and drive affect performance?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which one of the following statements is...

Question 10

Which one of the following teaching practices is most consistent with Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

Accepted Answer

Maslow's hierarchy of needs suggests that basic physiological and safety needs must be met before individuals can focus on higher-level tasks. Letting students release pent-up energy addresses a basic physiological need, making it easier for them to concentrate on learning activities like watching an educational video.

Question 11

For which one of the following individuals is behavior clearly affected by an incentive?

Accepted Answer

Blake is motivated by the incentive of earning an A in sociology, which is why he does extra-credit projects.

Question 12

If you were to incorporate Maslow's hierarchy of needs into your teaching practices, you would be most likely to:

Accepted Answer

Maslow's hierarchy of needs emphasizes the importance of basic physiological and safety needs being met before higher-level needs can be addressed. Therefore, the best choice would be to make sure your students feel safe and secure in order for them to be in the best position to learn and focus on higher-level needs such as self-actualization. Option A and B may put pressure on students and may not address lower-level needs. Option D may not be practical for all students and situations.

Question 13

An eighth grader named Marianne consistently refuses to do difficult classroom assignments because she's afraid of failing at them. Which one of the basic needs described in the textbook is Marianne most clearly trying to address?

Accepted Answer

Marianne's fear of failure suggests that she is seeking to fulfill her need for competence. According to self-determination theory, competence is one of the three basic psychological needs that must be satisfied for individuals to experience optimal motivation and well-being. Marianne's refusal to attempt challenging assignments suggests that she does not feel competent enough to handle them, and therefore avoids them to protect her sense of self-esteem.

Question 14

Which one of the following individuals shows motivation consistent with self-worth theory?

Accepted Answer

Self-worth theory suggests that individuals may avoid or not engage in situations that could potentially threaten their sense of competence or self-esteem. Monica's avoidance of reading her teacher's comments, due to suspecting they are not flattering, aligns with self-worth theory as she is likely trying to protect her self-esteem.

Question 15

Which one of the following students is displaying extrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

Caryn wants to become a varsity soccer player so others will admire her, indicating that her motivation is coming from external factors, such as seeking approval or recognition from others. This is an example of extrinsic motivation.

Question 16

Which one of the following students is displaying intrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

Annette is displaying intrinsic motivation because she practices the viola because she loves to play it, not because of external rewards or pressure.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true of situated motivation?

Accepted Answer

Situated motivation refers to the idea that a learner's environment and context can influence their motivation, and at the same time the learner's motivation can also influence their learning environment. This means that both factors are interdependent and have an impact on each other. Option A is partially correct in that a learner's environment can influence their motivation, but it does not take into account the reciprocal relationship between motivation and environment. Option B is incorrect as it suggests that the learner's motivation only impacts their environment and not the other way around. Option D is also incorrect as it suggests that motivation can only come from intrinsic factors, ignoring the role of extrinsic factors and contextual factors in motivating learners.

Question 18

Which one of the following situations best illustrates the role of drive reduction in behavior?

Accepted Answer

Drive reduction theory suggests that people are motivated to reduce physiological needs such as hunger or thirst. In this situation, Adam is eating a large amount of food likely because he was hungry after not having eaten all day.

Question 19

Several teachers complain, "Our students just aren't motivated." Is it possible that these teachers are describing their students accurately?

Accepted Answer

Virtually all students have motives or reasons for their actions and behaviors, even if those motives might not align with the expectations or observations of their teachers.

Question 20

Carlton often gets so wrapped up in a video game that he has little or no awareness of events going on around him. An entire afternoon can pass by very quickly as he meets one challenge after another in his video-game world. Carlton's motivation state can best be characterized as involving:

Accepted Answer

Carlton's behavior is indicative of flow, where he is fully immersed in the activity at hand and loses track of time and surroundings.

Quiz 17: Appendiex Integrative