Question 1

Franco has fallen ill and lost his job, and his wife has left him due to his problem with heroin.His friends and family are telling him that he is an addict most likely because he is exhibiting:
A)substance withdrawal.
B)substance tolerance.
C)substance intoxication.
D)substance dependence.

Accepted Answer

Substance dependence is characterized by the inability to stop using a substance despite negative consequences such as losing a job, relationship problems, and health issues. Franco's situation fits this description. Substance withdrawal and substance intoxication refer to specific symptoms related to using or stopping a particular substance, while substance tolerance refers to the body's decreased response to a substance over time with continued use.

Question 2

Which of the following substances has a relatively low risk for tolerance?
A)Nicotine
B)Alcohol
C)Opioids
D)Cannabis

Accepted Answer

Cannabis has a relatively low risk for tolerance compared to nicotine, alcohol, and opioids. While tolerance can develop with regular cannabis use, it tends to occur at a slower rate and with less intensity than with other substances.

Question 3

Which of the following is a central nervous system depressant?
A)Cocaine
B)Nicotine
C)Cannabis
D)Alcohol

Accepted Answer

Alcohol is a central nervous system depressant, meaning it slows down brain functioning and can lead to decreased cognitive abilities, impaired coordination, and relaxation of muscles. Cocaine and nicotine are stimulants, while cannabis can act as both a depressant and a stimulant depending on the dosage and potency.

Question 4

Alcohol is considered a ________ because it ________.
A)stimulant; makes people less inhibited in their behavior
B)depressant; slows the central nervous system
C)stimulant; activates the brain
D)stimulant; activates the sex drive

Accepted Answer

Alcohol is classified as a depressant because it slows down the central nervous system, leading to impaired cognitive and physical abilities. It also increases the release of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, which can have a calming effect on the body.

Question 5

The diagnosis of ________ disorder is given in the DSM-5 when a person demonstrates impaired control, the continued use of substances despite negative social, occupational, and health consequences, risky use, as well as evidence of tolerance and withdrawal.
A)substance withdrawal
B)substance use
C)alcohol intoxication
D)substance independence

Accepted Answer

The criteria described in the question are consistent with a diagnosis of substance use disorder, which includes impaired control, continued use despite negative consequences, and evidence of tolerance and withdrawal. Substance withdrawal, alcohol intoxication, and substance independence are not accurate diagnoses based on the criteria provided.

Question 6

Which term refers to alcohol-induced amnesia for the events that occurred while one was intoxicated?
A)Coma
B)Deprivation
C)Blackout
D)Flash

Accepted Answer

Blackout refers to alcohol-induced amnesia for the events that occurred while one was intoxicated. A coma refers to a deep state of unconsciousness. Deprivation refers to being deprived of something, such as sleep or food. Flash does not relate to alcohol-induced amnesia.

Question 7

Which of the following is cited as a reason why people in countries such as France show lower rates of alcohol-related substance disorders than do people in other countries?
A)Alcohol is usually consumed with meals in France.
B)Alcohol is freely available in France.
C)The low blood-alcohol level for determining whether a person is under the influence of alcohol acts as a deterrent.
D)Despite Americans' beliefs to the contrary, alcohol is not consumed in very large quantities in France.

Accepted Answer

The reason cited for lower rates of alcohol-related substance disorders in countries such as France is that alcohol is usually consumed with meals in France. This suggests that moderate consumption of alcohol with food may be a healthier cultural norm for drinking than binge drinking or heavy drinking without food.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true about the global use of alcohol?
A)More men than women abstain from alcohol use.
B)More women than men abstain from alcohol use.
C)Women and men abstain from alcohol use at about the same rate.
D)Trying to determine alcohol use on a global scale has been impossible to date.

Accepted Answer

According to the World Health Organization, globally, more women than men abstain from alcohol use. However, among those who do drink, men are more likely to engage in heavy and harmful drinking patterns.

Question 9

Hank began snorting cocaine about three years ago.He said the first high was the most astounding, exciting, mind-blowing experience he'd ever had.However, he has never been able to recapture that initial euphoria, and now he needs more and more of cocaine to get anywhere near his first experience.Hank has most likely:
A)developed a tolerance to cocaine.
B)transferred his dependence to some other substance.
C)developed symptoms of withdrawal.
D)used cocaine that is of inferior quality.

Accepted Answer

Hank has developed a tolerance to cocaine, which means that his body has become accustomed to the drug and requires higher doses to achieve the desired effects. This is a common physiological response to repeated drug use.

Question 10

Clea has been using cocaine daily for a while now.However, for the past 24 hours, she has been without any cocaine and as a result is experiencing strange behaviors and physiological responses.Clea is most likely showing signs of:
A)substance intoxication.
B)substance withdrawal.
C)tolerance.
D)a drive-control disorder.

Accepted Answer

Clea's behavior and physiological responses suggest that she is experiencing withdrawal symptoms from cocaine. This is a common reaction when a person stops using a substance after long-term use. Substance intoxication refers to the acute effects of a substance, while tolerance refers to the body's ability to adapt to a substance and require higher doses for the same effects. A drive-control disorder is not relevant to the scenario given.

Question 11

________ is present when a person experiences less effect from the same dose of a substance and needs more and more of it to achieve intoxication.
A)Impulse-control disorder
B)Behavioral under-control
C)Tolerance
D)Withdrawal

Accepted Answer

Tolerance is the phenomenon where a person needs increasing doses of a substance to achieve the same effect as before. This means that the person has become less responsive to the substance and requires more of it to achieve the desired effect.

Question 12

Which of the following is one of the four categories of harmful consequences that suggest substance abuse?
A)The individual fails to fulfill important obligations at work, home, or school as a result of substance use.
B)The individual uses the substance only in situations in which it is not physically hazardous to do so.
C)The individual stops using the substance because of legal problems in the past.
D)The individual displays substance tolerance-diminished effects from the same dose of a substance.

Accepted Answer

The category of harmful consequences that suggest substance abuse where the individual fails to fulfill important obligations at work, home, or school as a result of substance use is known as impairment.

Question 13

The DSM-5 authors have combined substance abuse and dependence into one diagnosis called:
A)substance use disorder.
B)substance abuse disorder.
C)substance dependence disorder.
D)drug-related disorder.

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 authors combined substance abuse and dependence into one diagnosis called substance use disorder. This was done in order to better capture the range of substance-related issues and to eliminate the artificial distinction between abuse and dependence.

Question 14

________ is a set of physiological and behavioral symptoms that result when people who have been using substances heavily for prolonged periods of time stop or greatly reduce their use.
A)Substance withdrawal
B)Substance intoxication
C)Substance abuse
D)Substance dependence

Accepted Answer

Substance withdrawal refers to the symptoms experienced when a person stops or reduces their use of a substance they have been heavily using for a prolonged period. These symptoms can vary depending on the substance used and include physical discomfort, nausea, anxiety, depression, and cravings for the substance. Withdrawal symptoms can make it difficult for people to quit using a substance, as they often feel compelled to use again to alleviate the symptoms.

Question 15

The DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder includes ongoing substance use despite recurring social or relationship difficulties.Why have the DSM-5 authors removed the DSM-IV criterion regarding legal problems?
A)Because of its low prevalence
B)Because it falls inside the realm of regulation
C)Because substance use disorders are a criminal offense
D)Because the term "legal" has negative connotations

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 authors removed the DSM-IV criterion regarding legal problems primarily because of its low prevalence among individuals diagnosed with substance use disorders. This decision was based on research and clinical observations indicating that legal problems, while possible, are not as common or central to the diagnosis as other criteria.

Question 16

A substance is defined as any:
A)drug that has psychedelic effects.
B)over-the-counter prescription drug.
C)product that could potentially create an addiction.
D)natural or synthesized product that has psychoactive effects.

Accepted Answer

A substance is defined as any natural or synthesized product that has psychoactive effects. This definition is broad enough to include drugs with psychedelic effects, over-the-counter prescription drugs, and potentially addiction-forming products, but is not limited to these specific categories.

Question 17

Globally, approximately ________ percent of people over the age of 15 abstain from alcohol
A)23
B)44
C)62
D)68

Accepted Answer

According to the World Health Organization, approximately 62% of people over the age of 15 worldwide abstain from alcohol.

Question 18

Mac took a capsule at a party earlier in the evening and is now showing changes in the functions of his central nervous system that are manifesting in both behavior and physiology.He is most likely experiencing:
A)substance intoxication.
B)substance withdrawal.
C)tolerance.
D)a drive-control disorder.

Accepted Answer

The changes in behavior and physiology after taking a capsule at a party indicate substance intoxication, which is a temporary disturbance in behavior, mood, cognition, and physiology caused by the effects of a substance. Substance withdrawal, on the other hand, is the set of physiological and behavioral symptoms that occur after stopping or reducing the use of a substance that one has become physically or psychologically dependent on. Tolerance refers to the need for increased amounts of a substance to achieve the desired effects, or the reduced effects of a substance after prolonged use. Drive-control disorders involve impairments in impulse control or the ability to resist an urge or impulse.

Question 19

Celeste went to a fraternity party on Saturday night and had too much to drink.Although the last thing she remembers is dancing with Paul, she does not recollect how she got home.Celeste is most likely experiencing:
A)alcohol-induced dementia.
B)delirium tremens.
C)abstinence violation.
D)a blackout.

Accepted Answer

A blackout is a type of alcohol-induced amnesia where the person cannot form new memories while still being conscious and functioning. In this scenario, Celeste cannot remember how she got home despite being able to recall memories from earlier in the night, indicating a blackout.

Question 20

________ is a set of behavioral and psychological changes that occur as a result of the physiological effects of a substance on the central nervous system.
A)Substance withdrawal
B)Substance intoxication
C)Substance tolerance
D)Substance avoidance

Accepted Answer

Substance intoxication refers to the set of behavioral and psychological changes that occur as a result of the physiological effects of a substance on the central nervous system. This can include impaired judgment, mood changes, altered perceptions, and impaired functioning. It is distinct from substance withdrawal, which refers to a set of symptoms that occur when an individual abruptly stops using a substance to which they have become physically dependent. Substance tolerance refers to the ability of the body to adapt to the effects of a substance over time, requiring higher doses to achieve the same effects. Substance avoidance refers to the deliberate choice to abstain from using a particular substance.

Quiz 14: Substance Use and Gambling Disorders

Franco has fallen ill and lost his job, and his wife has left him due to his problem with heroin.His friends and family are telling him that he is an addict most likely because he is exhibiting:

Which of the following substances has a relatively low risk for tolerance?

Which of the following is a central nervous system depressant?

Alcohol is considered a because it .

The diagnosis of ________ disorder is given in the DSM-5 when a person demonstrates impaired control, the continued use of substances despite negative social, occupational, and health consequences, risky use, as well as evidence of tolerance and withdrawal.

Which term refers to alcohol-induced amnesia for the events that occurred while one was intoxicated?

Which of the following is cited as a reason why people in countries such as France show lower rates of alcohol-related substance disorders than do people in other countries?

Which of the following statements is true about the global use of alcohol?

Clea has been using cocaine daily for a while now.However, for the past 24 hours, she has been without any cocaine and as a result is experiencing strange behaviors and physiological responses.Clea is most likely showing signs of:

________ is present when a person experiences less effect from the same dose of a substance and needs more and more of it to achieve intoxication.

Which of the following is one of the four categories of harmful consequences that suggest substance abuse?

The DSM-5 authors have combined substance abuse and dependence into one diagnosis called:

________ is a set of physiological and behavioral symptoms that result when people who have been using substances heavily for prolonged periods of time stop or greatly reduce their use.

The DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder includes ongoing substance use despite recurring social or relationship difficulties.Why have the DSM-5 authors removed the DSM-IV criterion regarding legal problems?

A substance is defined as any:

Globally, approximately ________ percent of people over the age of 15 abstain from alcohol

Mac took a capsule at a party earlier in the evening and is now showing changes in the functions of his central nervous system that are manifesting in both behavior and physiology.He is most likely experiencing:

Celeste went to a fraternity party on Saturday night and had too much to drink.Although the last thing she remembers is dancing with Paul, she does not recollect how she got home.Celeste is most likely experiencing:

________ is a set of behavioral and psychological changes that occur as a result of the physiological effects of a substance on the central nervous system.