Question 1

Specifically describe the effects of the neurotransmitters acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin, and endorphins.

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

Compare and contrast the functions of the left and right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex. What role does the corpus callosum play in this functioning? Finally, what were the reasons for, and results of, split-brain operations?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the functions of the...

Question 3

Summarize research findings about left-handedness and its causes.

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Question 4

The sympathetic division carries messages to the body which tell it to prepare for an emergency.

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for activating the fight-or-flight response in the body in anticipation of an emergency or stressor. It increases heart rate, dilates pupils, and redistributes blood flow to muscles in preparation for physical activity.

Question 5

Define neuron, axon, dendrite, cell body, and myelin sheath. In your definitions, be sure to describe the specific functions of each item.

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Question 6

Estrogen has been linked to aggressive behavior in both males and females.

Accepted Answer

Estrogen is primarily associated with regulating female reproductive functions and secondary sexual characteristics, although it does influence mood and behavior. Aggressive behavior has been more closely linked to androgens, such as testosterone, in both males and females.

Question 7

When a number of genes make small contributions to a trait, this is known as mixed dominance.

Accepted Answer

When a number of genes make small contributions to a trait, it is known as polygenic inheritance, not mixed dominance. Mixed dominance refers to a situation where there is incomplete dominance or codominance among alleles of a single gene.

Question 8

Strain studies are conducted on animals and humans.

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The answer of Strain studies are conducted on animals and...

Question 9

Evolutionary psychologists are especially interested in social behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists study the evolution of human behavior, including social behaviors, and how they have contributed to survival and reproduction throughout history.

Question 10

Discuss how the brain controls language in humans, identifying the key structures involved in language processing and describing the effects of damage to these areas.

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Question 11

Discuss why painkillers can be addictive.

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Question 12

The two hormones secreted by the pancreas are insulin and glucagon.

Accepted Answer

Insulin and glucagon are the two hormones secreted by the pancreas.

Question 13

The main ingredient of genes and chromosomes is deoxyribonucleic acid.

Accepted Answer

DNA is the main ingredient of genes and chromosomes.

Question 14

Chemical substances called hormones are released into your bloodstream by the endocrine glands.

Accepted Answer

Hormones are indeed released into the bloodstream by the endocrine glands.

Question 15

Describe the functions of the spinal cord and explain how it works with the brain to sense events and act on them.

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

The effects of genetics are not always immediate or fully apparent.

Accepted Answer

The expression of certain genes may be influenced by environmental factors or may not become apparent until later in life. Therefore, the effects of genetics may not be immediate or fully apparent.

Question 17

Describe the location and functioning of the medulla, cerebellum, thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebral cortex.

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Question 18

Briefly discuss the purposes of and describe the procedure for studying the brain within each of the following general areas: microelectrode techniques, macroelectrode techniques, structural imaging, functional imaging.

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Question 19

Genes can directly cause human behavior.

Accepted Answer

Genes influence the development of biological systems and predispositions that can affect behavior, but environmental, social, and individual factors also play significant roles in human behavior, making it a result of both genetic and non-genetic influences.

Question 20

Explain what plasticity and neurogenesis are. Briefly summarize the research regarding stem cells and the possibility of growing new neurons in the human brain.

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 2: The Biological Basis of Behavior