Question 1

Ezra has been brought up to see assertiveness and self-expression as important personal values.This suggests that Ezra lives in a(n)_____ culture.

Accepted Answer

Assertiveness and self-expression are values that are often associated with individualistic cultures, which prioritize individual freedom, independence, and achievement. In collectivistic cultures, the emphasis is on group harmony and conformity, and individuals are expected to suppress their own desires and interests for the sake of the group. Traditional and postfigurative cultures are not directly related to the value of assertiveness and self-expression.

Question 2

A study of Canadian and Chinese adolescents finds that,unlike the Chinese teens,the Canadians say that falsely denying you did a good deed is a bad thing.This suggests that attitudes about lying are

Accepted Answer

The study suggests that attitudes about lying differ between Canadian and Chinese adolescents, indicating that lying attitudes can be culture-specific. Option A is incorrect because the study highlights differences in lying attitudes between the two cultures. Option B is incorrect because rigidity implies a lack of flexibility, while the study found differences in attitudes within the two cultures. Option C is too broad and does not accurately reflect the findings of this specific study.

Question 3

When teachers,doctors,and other significant people in the life of a community live outside the community,

Accepted Answer

When significant people in the life of a community live outside the community, it can cause social bonds to weaken. They may not be as aware of the needs, values, and concerns of the community as those who live there full time. This can create a lack of trust and respect, affecting their effectiveness in their roles.

Question 4

When people believe they are members of a group with a common purpose,it creates a

Accepted Answer

Believing they are part of a group with a common purpose creates a sense of community among individuals.

Question 5

Mark's parents offer to host Ahmed,a visiting student from North Africa.Mark is sure that Ahmed is kidding him when he says he has no interest in dating.Mark's disbelief is an example of

Accepted Answer

Mark's disbelief that Ahmed has no interest in dating is an example of ethnocentrism, as it is based on the assumption that people from North Africa must share the same attitudes and beliefs about dating as Mark does.

Question 6

Millions of young people in Canada take part in community-based

Accepted Answer

According to the passage, millions of young people in Canada take part in community-based sports. There is no mention of arts and crafts clubs, political organizations, or weight loss programs.

Question 7

The view that cultures are unified systems with shared values and beliefs

Accepted Answer

The view that cultures are unified systems with shared values and beliefs overlooks the role of conflict and opposition within cultures. Cultural values and beliefs can vary within a culture and can also be in conflict with each other. This view also oversimplifies the complexity of cultures and can lead to stereotyping and discrimination.

Question 8

Dating during adolescence is

Accepted Answer

Dating during adolescence is a cultural custom in North America and some other places. While it is a natural response to biological changes, it is not universal as it differs across cultures. It is also not exclusive to the Middle Ages and earlier as it continues to be practiced today.

Question 9

In Bronfenbrenner's terms,those systems that affect an adolescent directly,such as families and friends,make up the

Accepted Answer

The microsystem is the closest system to the adolescent and includes all direct influences such as family, friends, school, and neighborhood. The macrosystem refers to larger cultural and societal factors, while the exosystem includes indirect environments such as the parent's workplace or political climate, and there is no term known as the endosystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory.

Question 10

Joy,whose parents moved to Canada from China,is shy,soft-spoken,and reticent.It is likely that her parents

Accepted Answer

In many East Asian cultures, being reserved and modest is seen as a sign of politeness and respect. Therefore, Joy's parents may view her shyness as a positive trait, as it shows that she is well-behaved and respectful to others. They may not see the need to encourage her to become more assertive or worry about her being rejected by other Chinese teens. It is also unlikely that they are hoping her teachers will urge her to speak up more in class, as this may go against their cultural norms.

Question 11

For Bronfenbrenner,the exosystem is represented by

Accepted Answer

The exosystem in Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory refers to the external environments that indirectly impact an individual's development, such as the community, media, and political systems. Therefore, the most appropriate option among the given choices would be the local community, as it is a part of the exosystem. Families and peers belong to the microsystem, travel to foreign countries belongs to the macrosystem, and cultural forces and beliefs belong to the chronosystem.

Question 12

Adolescents who are active in local community organizations

Accepted Answer

Adolescents involved in local community organizations often gain valuable social skills, including the ability to understand and appreciate different perspectives and the importance of compromise. This involvement helps them become more empathetic and community-oriented, rather than solely focusing on personal goals or developing a self-centered leadership style.

Question 13

Lee,a second-generation Chinese-Canadian,is running for office in an after-school organization.The day before the election,his father tells him he must run an errand for his grandmother the next afternoon.Lee complies,knowing he may lose the election as a result of not showing up.His action reflects a (n)_____ orientation.

Accepted Answer

Lee's action of prioritizing his grandmother's needs over his own personal gain in the election reflects a collectivistic orientation, which emphasizes the importance of familial and communal relationships over individual pursuits.

Question 14

Alexi has been brought up to believe that if his personal goals clash with the goals of his family or community,he should act in the interests of the group.It is likely that Alexi lives in a(n)_____ culture.

Accepted Answer

The description of Alexi's belief that the interests of the group should take precedence over individual goals is characteristic of collectivistic cultures, which emphasize interdependence and group harmony. In contrast, individualistic cultures prioritize personal goals and independence. The other options, multiethnic and postmodern, do not necessarily relate to this cultural dimension.

Question 15

Instruction by parents and other adults,traditional stories,and religious sagas are among the ways children come to adopt the psychological aspects of their group,in a process known as

Accepted Answer

The process described in the sentence is enculturation, which refers to the process by which individuals learn and adopt the beliefs, values, and behaviors of their culture or group. Indoctrination and group-think are related concepts, but typically refer to more extreme or problematic forms of socialization. Assimilation refers specifically to the process by which individuals who belong to minority cultures adopt the cultural practices and values of the dominant culture.

Question 16

In Professor Bilgrim's research project,teens from India,Turkey,and Canada are observed in a normative social influence situation.The data from the three groups are then compared.This is best described as a(n)_____ study.

Accepted Answer

This is a cross-cultural study because it involves comparing data from different cultures (India, Turkey, and Canada) to see how they respond in a normative social influence situation.

Question 17

While Western countries generally have _____ cultures,many have ethnic minorities with more _____ cultural orientations.

Accepted Answer

Western cultures are generally individualistic in nature, but many Western countries have ethnic minorities with collectivistic cultural orientations. This is because these ethnic minorities may have different values and beliefs that prioritize group harmony and interdependence over individual success and independence.

Question 18

Guadeloupe,14,notices that friends with different cultural backgrounds have different attitudes on many issues.She concludes that there are many ways to approach these issues and that she should choose those that best fit her own view of the world.This is an example of a(n)_____ process of enculturation.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of a constructivist process of enculturation because Guadeloupe is actively constructing her own view of the world based on the diverse cultural perspectives she has encountered. She is not conforming to a traditional or collectivistic view, nor is she simply being socialized to adopt the views of her friends without question.

Question 19

A system of norms,beliefs,and values that is shared by a group and passed along across generations is a

Accepted Answer

Culture refers to the shared norms, beliefs, and values that are passed down across generations and shape the behavior and beliefs of a group. Social standard refers to a specific behavioral norm that is accepted within a particular society or social group. Exosystem is a term used in ecological systems theory to describe the external systems that influence an individual or group's development. Nation-state refers to a political entity that encompasses a particular geographic area and has its own government and institutions.

Question 20

Cultural beliefs about how children should be raised and what the role of adolescents is in society are important elements of what Bronfenbrenner terms the

Accepted Answer

The macrosystem is the cultural context in which the microsystem exists. This includes larger cultural beliefs, values, laws, and customs that influence how individuals and institutions operate within the microsystem. Cultural beliefs about child-rearing and the roles of adolescents are examples of macrosystem factors.

Quiz 7: Community, culture, and the Media

Ezra has been brought up to see assertiveness and self-expression as important personal values.This suggests that Ezra lives in a(n) _____ culture.