Question 1

A 13-year-old female took a weight loss drug that activated the sympathetic nervous system.Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect?
A) Decreased myocardial contraction
B) Decreased heart rate
C) Increased cardiac conduction
D) Increased intranodal conduction time

Accepted Answer

Stimulation of the SA node by the sympathetic nervous system rapidly increases cardiac conduction.
Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system would increase myocardial contraction.
Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system would increase heart rate.
Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system would not affect conduction time within the node.These are inherent rates.

Question 2

A 54-year-old male is diagnosed with left bundle branch block.Which of the following structures would not receive an electrical impulse?
A) Atrioventricular (AV) node
B) Sinoatrial (SA) node
C) Bundle of His
D) The left ventricle

Accepted Answer

The left bundle branch conducts impulses to the left ventricle.
The left bundle branch conducts impulses to the left ventricle; the AV node feeds conduction of the bundles.
The left bundle branch conducts impulses to the left ventricle; the SA node initiates conduction.
The left bundle branch conducts impulses to the left ventricle; the bundle of His precedes the division of the left and right bundles.

Question 3

When a staff member asks where venous blood from the coronary circulation drains into,what is the best response by the nurse? The:
A) Superior vena cava
B) Inferior vena cava
C) Right atrium
D) Reft atrium

Accepted Answer

Unoxygenated blood from the coronary veins enters the right atrium through the coronary sinus.
Unoxygenated blood from the coronary veins enters the right atrium through the coronary sinus.It does not flow into the superior vena cava.
Unoxygenated blood from the coronary veins enters the right atrium through the coronary sinus.It does not flow into the inferior vena cava.
Unoxygenated blood from the coronary veins enters the right atrium,not the left,through the coronary sinus.

Question 4

The _____ represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell depolarization.
A) PR interval
B) QRS complex
C) QT interval
D) P wave

Accepted Answer

The QRS complex represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell depolarizations.
The PR interval represents the onset of atrial activation to the onset of ventricular activity.
The QT interval represents "electrical systole" of the ventricles.
The P wave represents atrial depolarization.

Question 5

A nurse recalls the chamber that receives blood from the systemic circulation is the:
A) Right atrium
B) Right ventricle
C) Left atrium
D) Left ventricle

Accepted Answer

The right atrium receives the blood from the systemic circulation.
The right atrium receives the blood from the systemic circulation; the right ventricle receives blood from the right atrium.
The right atrium receives the blood from the systemic circulation; the left atrium receives blood from the lungs.
The right atrium receives the blood from the systemic circulation; the left ventricle receives blood from the left atrium.

Question 6

While viewing the electrocardiogram,the nurse recalls the _____ conducts action potentials down the atrioventricular septum.
A) Bachmann bundle
B) Bundle of His
C) Sinoatrial node
D) Atrioventricular node

Accepted Answer

The bundle of His conducts action potentials down the atrioventricular septum.
The bundle of His conducts action potentials down the atrioventricular septum,not the Bachmann bundle.
The bundle of His conducts action potentials down the atrioventricular septum; the sinoatrial node conducts the potential along the atria.
The bundle of His conducts action potentials down the atrioventricular septum; the atrioventricular node conducts impulses to the ventricles.

Question 7

A 65-year-old male develops blockage in the pulmonary artery.As a result of the blockage,blood would first back up into the:
A) Aorta
B) Left ventricle
C) Pulmonary veins
D) Right ventricle

Accepted Answer

Blockage in the pulmonary artery would cause blood to back up into the right ventricle.
Blockage in the pulmonary artery would cause blood to back up into the right ventricle,not the aorta.These two vessels do not communicate.
Blockage in the pulmonary artery would cause blood to back up into the right ventricle,not the left ventricle.This vessel and chamber do not communicate.
Blockage in the pulmonary artery would cause blood to back up into the right ventricle,not the pulmonary vein.The pulmonary vein takes blood to the left atrium.

Question 8

Which statement indicates the nurse understands blood flow? Oxygenated blood flows through the:
A) Superior vena cava
B) Pulmonary veins
C) Pulmonary artery
D) Cardiac veins

Accepted Answer

Oxygenated blood flows through the pulmonary veins.
Oxygenated blood flows through the pulmonary veins,not the superior vena cava,which carries venous blood.
Oxygenated blood flows through the pulmonary veins,not the pulmonary artery,which carries unoxygenated blood to the lungs.
Oxygenated blood flows through the pulmonary veins,not the cardiac veins,which carry unoxygenated blood.

Question 9

A cardiologist is discussing valves with the staff.Which information should the cardiologist include? _____ are the anchors of the atrioventricular valves.
A) Chordae tendineae cordis
B) Great vessels
C) Coronary ostia
D) Trabeculae carneae

Accepted Answer

The atrioventricular valve openings are attached to the papillary muscles by the chordae tendineae cordis.
The atrioventricular valve openings are attached to the papillary muscles by the chordae tendineae cordis.The great vessels are the vessels that bring blood to and out of the heart and are not attached to the chordae tendineae.
The atrioventricular valve openings are attached to the papillary muscles by the chordae tendineae cordis,not the coronary ostia,which are openings in the aorta for the coronary arteries.
The atrioventricular valve openings are attached to the papillary muscles by the chordae tendineae cordis,not the trabeculae carneae,which are a portion of the myocardium.

Question 10

A 52-year-old female is admitted to the cardiac unit with a diagnosis of pericarditis.She asks the nurse to explain where the infection is.In providing an accurate description,the nurse states that the pericardium is:
A) The outer muscular layer of the heart
B) The innermost layer of the heart chambers
C) A membranous sac that encloses the heart
D) The heart's fibrous skeleton

Accepted Answer

The pericardium is the membranous sac that surrounds the heart.
The outer layer of the heart is the myocardium.
The innermost layer of the heart is the endocardium.
The heart's fibrous skeleton is attached to the myocardium.

Question 11

A cardiologist is teaching about the period that follows depolarization of the myocardium and represents a period during which no new cardiac potential can be propagated.What is the cardiologist describing?
A) Absolute refractory
B) Hyperpolarization
C) Resting
D) Threshold

Accepted Answer

A refractory period is the time during which no new cardiac action potential can be initiated by a stimulus.It follows depolarization.
A refractory period is the time,not hyperpolarization,during which no new cardiac action potential can be initiated by a stimulus.It follows depolarization.
Cardiac potential does rest,but the period is termed the refractory period.
Threshold is related to depolarization.

Question 12

Which statement indicates the nurse understands coronary ostia? The coronary ostia (the openings to the coronary arteries)are found in the:
A) Left ventricle
B) Inferior vena cava
C) Coronary sinus
D) Aorta

Accepted Answer

The ostia are found on the aorta.
The ostia are found on the aorta,not the ventricle.
The ostia are found on the aorta,not the vena cava.
The ostia are found on the aorta,not the coronary sinus.

Question 13

The nurse is reviewing a normal electrocardiogram.The nurse assesses the PR interval because it represents:
A) Atrial depolarization
B) Ventricular depolarization
C) Onset of atrial activation to onset of ventricular activity
D) "Electrical systole" of the ventricles

Accepted Answer

The PR interval represents the onset of atrial activation to the onset of ventricular activity.
The P wave represents atrial depolarization.
The QRS complex represents ventricular depolarization.
The QT interval represents "electrical systole" of the ventricles.

Question 14

A nurse is teaching about the heart.Which information should the nurse include? The chamber of the heart that generates the highest pressure is the:
A) Right atrium
B) Left atrium
C) Left ventricle
D) Right ventricle

Accepted Answer

The left ventricle generates the highest pressure.
The left ventricle,not the right atrium,generates the highest pressure.
The left ventricle,not the left atrium,generates the highest pressure.
The left ventricle,not the right ventricle,generates the highest pressure.

Question 15

The nurse is planning care for a patient with heart problems.Which information should the nurse remember? The _____ artery travels down the interventricular septum and delivers blood to portions of the left and right ventricle.
A) Right coronary
B) Circumflex
C) Left anterior descending
D) Cardiac

Accepted Answer

The left anterior descending artery delivers blood to the left and right ventricle.
The left anterior descending artery,not the right coronary artery,delivers blood to the left and right ventricle.
The left anterior descending artery,not the circumflex,delivers blood to the left and right ventricle.
The left anterior descending artery,not the cardiac artery,delivers blood to the left and right ventricle.

Question 16

A nurse is explaining the function of the heart.Which is a correct response by the nurse? A function of the pericardium is to:
A) Provide a barrier against extracardial infections.
B) Improve blood flow through the heart.
C) Play a role in cardiac conduction.
D) Assist in cardiac contraction.

Accepted Answer

A function of the pericardium is to provide a barrier against extracardial infections.
The pericardium does not improve blood flow through the heart as it is on the outside.
The pericardium does not have a role in cardiac conduction.The inner portions of the heart control this.
The pericardium does not assist in contraction.The muscular layers assist with this.

Question 17

A 65-year-old male is transported to the ER for chest pain.An electrocardiogram reveals a prolonged QRS interval.What is the nurse monitoring when the nurse observes the QRS complex on the electrocardiogram? The QRS complex reflects:
A) Ventricular activity
B) Pulmonary artery closure
C) Mitral valve opening
D) Aortic valve closing

Accepted Answer

The QRS complex represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell depolarizations.
The QRS complex represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell depolarizations,not the pulmonary artery.
The QRS complex represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell depolarizations; it does not reflect mitral opening.
The QRS complex represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell depolarizations; it does not reflect activity of the aortic valve.

Question 18

Which information by the nurse indicates a good understanding of depolarization? Depolarization of a cardiac muscle cell occurs as the result of:
A) A decrease in the permeability of the cell membrane to ions
B) The rapid movement of ions across the cell membrane
C) A blockade by calcium ions
D) Stimuli instigated during the refractory period

Accepted Answer

Depolarization is caused by the movement of electrically charged solutes (ions)across cardiac cell membranes.
Permeability must be increased for movement to occur.
A blockage of calcium ions would decrease depolarization.
No cardiac action potential can be initiated in the refractory period.

Question 19

A 50-year-old female received trauma to the chest that caused severe impairment of the primary pacemaker cells of the heart.Which of the following areas received the greatest damage?
A) Atrioventricular (AV) node
B) Sinoatrial (SA) node
C) Bundle of His
D) Ventricles

Accepted Answer

The SA node is considered the pacemaker of the heart.
The SA node,not the AV node,is considered the pacemaker of the heart.
The SA node is considered the pacemaker of the heart; the bundle of His is not involved.
The SA node is considered the pacemaker of the heart; the ventricles are not involved.

Question 20

A 20-year-old male underwent an echocardiogram to assess chest pain.Results revealed a congenital defect in papillary muscles.Which of the following would the nurse expect to occur?
A) Closure of the semilunar valve
B) Backward expulsion of the atrioventricular valves
C) Closure of the atrioventricular valve
D) Backward expulsion of the semilunar valves

Accepted Answer

The papillary muscles are extensions of the myocardium that pull the cusps together and downward at the onset of ventricular contraction,thus preventing their backward expulsion into the atria.
Defects in the papillary muscles would not affect the semilunar valve closure.
Defects in the papillary muscles do not affect the atrioventricular valves.
The papillary muscles prevent backward expulsion into the atria.They do not affect the semilunar valves.

Quiz 22: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

A 13-year-old female took a weight loss drug that activated the sympathetic nervous system.Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect?

A 54-year-old male is diagnosed with left bundle branch block.Which of the following structures would not receive an electrical impulse?

When a staff member asks where venous blood from the coronary circulation drains into,what is the best response by the nurse? The:

The _____ represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell depolarization.

A nurse recalls the chamber that receives blood from the systemic circulation is the:

While viewing the electrocardiogram,the nurse recalls the _____ conducts action potentials down the atrioventricular septum.

A 65-year-old male develops blockage in the pulmonary artery.As a result of the blockage,blood would first back up into the:

Which statement indicates the nurse understands blood flow? Oxygenated blood flows through the:

A cardiologist is discussing valves with the staff.Which information should the cardiologist include? _____ are the anchors of the atrioventricular valves.

A 52-year-old female is admitted to the cardiac unit with a diagnosis of pericarditis.She asks the nurse to explain where the infection is.In providing an accurate description,the nurse states that the pericardium is:

A cardiologist is teaching about the period that follows depolarization of the myocardium and represents a period during which no new cardiac potential can be propagated.What is the cardiologist describing?

Which statement indicates the nurse understands coronary ostia? The coronary ostia (the openings to the coronary arteries) are found in the:

The nurse is reviewing a normal electrocardiogram.The nurse assesses the PR interval because it represents:

A nurse is teaching about the heart.Which information should the nurse include? The chamber of the heart that generates the highest pressure is the:

The nurse is planning care for a patient with heart problems.Which information should the nurse remember? The _____ artery travels down the interventricular septum and delivers blood to portions of the left and right ventricle.

A nurse is explaining the function of the heart.Which is a correct response by the nurse? A function of the pericardium is to:

A 65-year-old male is transported to the ER for chest pain.An electrocardiogram reveals a prolonged QRS interval.What is the nurse monitoring when the nurse observes the QRS complex on the electrocardiogram? The QRS complex reflects:

Which information by the nurse indicates a good understanding of depolarization? Depolarization of a cardiac muscle cell occurs as the result of:

A 50-year-old female received trauma to the chest that caused severe impairment of the primary pacemaker cells of the heart.Which of the following areas received the greatest damage?

A 20-year-old male underwent an echocardiogram to assess chest pain.Results revealed a congenital defect in papillary muscles.Which of the following would the nurse expect to occur?