Question 1

According to Freud, a conflict in which the boy wishes to possess his mother sexually and perceives his father as a rival in love is the

Accepted Answer

The Oedipus complex refers to a psychosexual stage of development in which a boy desires his mother and sees his father as a rival for her affections. This conflict can lead to various psychological and behavioral issues, according to Freudian theory. The other options are not related to this particular conflict or concept.

Question 2

Freud believed that sexual problems in adulthood, difficulty relating to members of the opposite sex, and even homosexuality could result from failure to resolve conflicts at the

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's psychosexual development theory, the phallic stage (ages 3-6) is when children become aware of their genitals and experience the Oedipus or Electra complex. Failure to resolve conflicts at this stage can lead to sexual problems in adulthood, difficulty relating to members of the opposite sex, and even homosexuality. Therefore, option D is the best choice.

Question 3

Freud called the desire of a son to possess the mother and to get rid of the father the

Accepted Answer

The Oedipus complex is the desire of a son to possess the mother and to get rid of the father, as described by Freud. The Electra complex is a similar desire in girls. The primal conflict and instinct for incest are not specific terms used by Freud to describe this particular concept.

Question 4

The Oedipal conflict arises and must be resolved during the

Accepted Answer

The Oedipal conflict arises during the phallic stage of psychosexual development according to Freudian theory. This stage occurs between ages 3 and 6, during which children begin to explore their own bodies and become more aware of their gender identity. This conflict involves a child's desire for the opposite-sex parent and jealousy of the same-sex parent, which must be resolved in order for the child to develop healthy relationships and a normal sense of sexuality.

Question 5

Eme becomes distressed and anxious if any object in the house is out of place or if there is dust, smudges, or spots on the floor, walls, or furniture. Freud would suggest that the roots of Eme's behaviour are in the

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's psychosexual stages, the anal stage occurs between 18 months and 3 years of age, when the child's focus is on toilet training and the control of bodily functions. Eme's behavior of wanting everything to be in place and clean may be related to fixation during this stage, leading to an anal-retentive personality.

Question 6

Roxanne eats, drinks, and smokes excessively. According to Freud, she may have a fixation at the

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory of psychosexual development, the oral stage occurs from birth to about 18 months, during which the primary source of pleasure is through the mouth, such as sucking and eating. If a child does not receive enough satisfaction during this stage or has experienced an oral fixation, they may later exhibit behaviors such as overeating, smoking, or excessive talking. Therefore, Roxanne's excessive eating, drinking, and smoking may suggest an oral fixation.

Question 7

According to psychoanalytic theory, psychosexual stages are structured by the fact that, as we grow, different parts of the body serve as the focus of the id's constant quest for

Accepted Answer

According to psychoanalytic theory, psychosexual stages are structured by the fact that, as we grow, different parts of the body serve as the focus of the id's constant quest for pleasure. The id is the unconscious part of our personality that operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of our basic impulses and needs.

Question 8

The anal stage is to ________ as the phallic stage is to ________.

Accepted Answer

The anal stage is associated with toilet training, while the phallic stage is associated with the Oedipal conflict. Therefore, the best choice is D, which matches toilet training with the anal stage and Oedipal conflict with the phallic stage.

Question 9

Excessive concern with cleanliness and order could indicate a fixation at the ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

The anal stage in Freudian psychosexual development occurs between ages 1-3 and is characterized by the child's focus on controlling their bowel movements. Excessive concern with cleanliness and orderliness can indicate fixation at this stage, where the child may have developed an overly rigid personality with a desire for order and control, stemming from the experience of toilet training during this stage.

Question 10

The Oedipus/Electra complex in both sons and daughters is resolved by

Accepted Answer

The Oedipus/Electra complex is resolved by identification with the same-sex parent, which occurs in the phallic stage of psychosexual development. Sons identify with their father and daughters identify with their mother, adopting their gender roles and values. This process helps to internalize a moral sense and facilitate emotional maturity. Displacement of sexual urges into substitute objects, attachment to the opposite-sex parent, and repression of sexual feelings toward the same-sex parent are all mechanisms that can occur during the Oedipus/Electra complex, but they are not the primary way that the complex is resolved.

Question 11

Frank is extremely sloppy and irresponsible. Freud would probably trace his problem to the

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory of psychosexual development, the anal stage occurs from ages 2-3, during which time the child's pleasure centers around the anus and the process of toilet training. If a child experiences conflict or frustration during this stage, it can result in fixation and lead to personality traits such as being overly orderly or, in Frank's case, being extremely sloppy and irresponsible. Therefore, Freud would likely trace Frank's problem to the anal stage.

Question 12

The superego develops at the end of the

Accepted Answer

The superego develops during the phallic stage, which occurs between the ages of 3-6 years. This stage marks the beginning of the Oedipus complex and the resolution of the Electra complex, which are both significant factors in the development of the superego.

Question 13

According to Freud, Benita's concerns about cleanliness and order developed during the

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, concerns about cleanliness and order are a manifestation of the anal stage of psychosexual development, which occurs between the ages of 1 and 3 years. During this stage, children focus on controlling their bodily functions and becoming more independent, and parents may reinforce this by encouraging toilet training and other forms of self-control. The child who successfully navigates this stage develops a sense of competence and self-control, while those who struggle may become overly fixated on cleanliness and order. This may later manifest in adulthood as obsessive-compulsive disorder or an excessively rigid personality.

Question 14

Lianna, who is overly dependent, optimistic, and gullible, may have experienced too much gratification and become fixated at the

Accepted Answer

The traits listed in the statement suggest that Lianna may have fixated at the oral stage of development. Over-dependency, optimism, and gullibility are traits associated with the oral stage, which occurs from birth to 18 months of age, and is focused on the mouth as the primary erogenous zone. If a child does not receive adequate nurturing or is weaned too early or too late, they may become fixated at this stage, leading to oral-fixation traits such as those listed in the statement.

Question 15

Freud might say that people deny having had castration anxiety and penis envy during their childhood because these feelings have been

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that individuals repress feelings that are unacceptable or anxiety-provoking, such as castration anxiety and penis envy, into the unconscious mind. This allows individuals to avoid consciously confronting these feelings, but they may still manifest in other ways, such as through dreams, slips of the tongue, or symptoms of anxiety or depression.

Question 16

Freud called the first stage of life the oral stage because ___________ is the first part of the body to be associated with gratification.

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that during the first year of life, the mouth is the primary source of pleasure and satisfaction for infants as they feed and explore the world through their sense of taste and touch. Therefore, he called this stage the oral stage.

Question 17

Freud claimed that the hostility of little boys toward their fathers results in

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory of psychosexual development, boys experience castration anxiety during the phallic stage of development. This anxiety arises from the fear of being castrated by their father as punishment for their sexual desire for their mother. As a result, boys may develop hostility towards their father, which can manifest as unconscious aggression towards other males or displaced aggression towards weaker targets.

Question 18

The Oedipus complex in both sons and daughters is resolved when the child represses sexual feelings toward the ________ parent and identifies with the ________ parent.

Accepted Answer

The Oedipus complex is resolved when the child represses sexual feelings toward the opposite-sex parent and identifies with the same-sex parent, according to Freudian theory.

Question 19

During which of the following stages of development does an individual's sense of pleasure become focused on the mouth?

Accepted Answer

The oral stage, according to Freud's psychosexual development theory, occurs from birth to around one year old, during which an individual's sense of pleasure becomes primarily focused on the mouth. This is the stage where infants derive pleasure from sucking and oral stimulation as they explore the world through their mouth.

Question 20

Freud thought that people who are stingy and extremely meticulous and orderly had problems in the

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's psychosexual development theory, the anal stage occurs between 1-3 years old and focuses on the child's control over their bowel movements. During this stage, if parents are too strict or critical during potty training, the child may develop an anal-retentive personality, which is characterized by being excessively neat, organized, and stingy. Therefore, people who are described as stingy and extremely meticulous and orderly are likely to have problems in the anal stage of development.

Quiz 11: Personality, Theory and Assessment