Question 1

In Canada, Aboriginal women appear to be vulnerable to obesity.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that Aboriginal women in Canada have a higher prevalence of obesity compared to other populations. This may be due to a range of factors including genetics, socio-economic status, and access to healthy food options.

Question 2

The single greatest cause of accidental death is

Accepted Answer

Motorcycle and automobile accidents are the leading cause of accidental deaths, as they account for a significant number of fatalities each year compared to other types of accidents.

Question 3

Reducing dietary cholesterol may be associated with decreases in the incidence of disease and death due to heart disease.

Accepted Answer

There is evidence to suggest that reducing dietary cholesterol can lower the risk of heart disease and related deaths. This is because high levels of cholesterol in the blood can contribute to the buildup of plaque in the arteries and increase the risk of heart attack and stroke. However, it is important to note that other factors, such as overall diet and lifestyle habits, also play a role in heart health.

Question 4

Parents are most likely to undertake injury prevention activities

Accepted Answer

All of these factors play a role in determining whether or not parents will undertake injury prevention activities. If parents believe that the recommended steps will truly prevent injuries, if they feel confident in their ability to teach safety skills, and if they have a realistic sense of what is involved in undertaking these activities, they are more likely to follow through. Additionally, having control over the child's environment can make it easier to implement injury prevention strategies.

Question 5

Fitness levels of Canadian adults and children have significantly declined over the past 25 years.

Accepted Answer

According to a study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal in 2017, the fitness levels of Canadian adults and children have significantly declined over the past 25 years.

Question 6

Educating women about the importance of having a regular clinical breast exam often depends on beliefs about ____________.

Accepted Answer

Perceived barriers refer to the hurdles that women might perceive in getting regular clinical breast exams, such as lack of time or financial resources. Educating them on how to overcome these barriers can improve their likelihood of getting regular exams.

Question 7

Child and youth head injury rates are lower in provinces where there is bicycle helmet legislation.

Accepted Answer

According to a study by the Canadian Paediatric Society, provinces with bicycle helmet legislation have seen a decrease in head injury rates among children and youth who ride bikes.

Question 8

Breast cancer and prostate cancer are similar in that

Accepted Answer

Both breast cancer and prostate cancer have a high likelihood of survival if detected early. It is important for individuals to regularly get screened to increase the chance of early detection and successful treatment.

Question 9

The clinical breast exam is the most effective screening activity for breast cancer.

Accepted Answer

The clinical breast exam (CBE) is not the most effective screening activity for breast cancer. Mammography and breast MRI have been shown to be more effective in detecting breast cancer. However, CBE can still be a useful tool in detecting certain breast abnormalities and should be performed in conjunction with other screening methods.

Question 10

Sleep apnea involves trouble going to sleep or staying asleep.

Accepted Answer

Sleep apnea is actually a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing or shallow breaths during sleep, often causing the person to wake up frequently throughout the night. It is not simply trouble falling or staying asleep.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a factor that reduces compliance with mammography recommendations?

Accepted Answer

This statement is not accurate. Early detection of breast cancer through mammography has been shown to improve survival rates, and is a key reason why mammography is recommended for women over a certain age. The other factors listed are known barriers to mammography compliance, including lack of standard care practices, fragmented medical care, lack of access to healthcare for minority women, and socioeconomic factors that can impact both access and willingness to seek screening.

Question 12

Communications to adolescents and young adults about sunscreen use should emphasize

Accepted Answer

Communications should focus on the immediate benefits or gains of sunscreen use, as adolescents and young adults are often more motivated by immediate rewards rather than long-term health risks.

Question 13

Because of social factors that encourage weight-related concerns, girls and women of all ages engage in more exercise than do boys and men.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. In fact, research has shown that boys and men engage in more exercise than girls and women. This may be due to a variety of factors including societal expectations of gender roles and the emphasis placed on physical activity in male-dominated sports. However, it is important to note that both genders should be encouraged to engage in regular exercise for overall health and well-being.

Question 14

People who engage in regular, vigorous exercise may reduce their risk of certain forms of cancer.

Accepted Answer

Many studies have shown that individuals who engage in regular, vigorous exercise have a lower risk of developing certain types of cancer such as breast, colon, and lung cancer. Exercise has been shown to help lower inflammation in the body, improve immune system function, and promote healthy hormone levels, all of which can help reduce the risk of cancer.

Question 15

Effectively promoting the use of seat belts requires

Accepted Answer

Promoting the use of seat belts requires a multifaceted approach that includes social engineering, health education, psychological intervention, and enforcing penalties for non-use. Social engineering involves creating an environment that encourages and reinforces seat belt use through laws, policies, and physical changes (e.g. audible reminders in vehicles). Health education can provide information on the benefits of wearing seat belts and the consequences of not wearing them. Psychological intervention can address attitudes and beliefs that may be barriers to seat belt use. Enforcing penalties for non-use can provide a necessary incentive for individuals to wear seat belts. A combination of these approaches is most effective in promoting seat belt use.

Question 16

Community-based programs that use _________ promote participation in colorectal cancer screening programs.

Accepted Answer

Community-based programs can use a variety of approaches to promote participation in colorectal cancer screening programs, including social networks, reminder notices, church-based interventions, and health care provider recommendations. All of these approaches can be effective in increasing participation and improving outcomes. Therefore, the correct answer is E.

Question 17

_______________ cancer is the second highest cause of cancerous deaths in Western countries.

Accepted Answer

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Western countries, following lung cancer.

Question 18

Hands-free cell phone use while driving

Accepted Answer

Hands-free cell phone use while driving is dangerous because it involves cognitive distraction from the task of driving, even though the driver's hands are free. Studies have shown that it impairs reaction time, leads to missed visual cues, and reduces overall awareness of the driving environment. It is not risk-free and can still increase the risk of accidents on the road.

Question 19

Repeated dieting can predispose the dieter to put on weight.

Accepted Answer

This is because repeated dieting can slow down a person's metabolism, making it harder for them to burn calories and easier for them to gain weight in the future. Additionally, the psychological stress and restriction of dieting can lead to overeating or binge-eating behaviors.

Question 20

Greater stress is linked to consuming more fatty foods and less fruits and vegetables.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that individuals under high levels of stress are more likely to turn to comfort foods, which are often high in fat and sugar, and consume fewer fruits and vegetables.

Quiz 4: Health-Promoting Behaviors