Question 1

______ took self-reliance to an extreme and withdrew from the world economy from the 1950s through the 1970s.

Accepted Answer

China, under the leadership of Mao Zedong, pursued a policy of self-reliance and withdrew from the global economy during the 1950s through the 1970s, focusing on domestic production and reducing dependence on foreign countries.

Question 2

At the end of 2011,the foreign debt of all developing and emerging market economies was more than $______trillion.

Accepted Answer

At the end of 2011, the foreign debt of all developing and emerging market economies was more than $5.4 trillion.

Question 3

The coordinated action by state or nonstate actors to control the production and distribution of a good to have influence over its market price is known as a

Accepted Answer

The coordinated action to control the production and distribution of a good is a characteristic of a cartel. A trade barrier is a measure used to restrict or limit trade between countries. A trading bloc is a group of countries that have formed an economic alliance. Regime refers to a system of government, not an economic concept.

Question 4

A possible strategy for economic development aimed at raising the living standards of the poorest parts of the population such as providing subsidized rice,health care,education,and transportation is often called the

Accepted Answer

The basic-needs strategy aims at providing basic necessities such as food (subsidized rice), health care, education, and transportation to the poorest parts of the population to raise their living standards. This approach is also known as the human-centered approach and is focused on improving the quality of life for people rather than simply increasing economic output. Therefore, the best choice is D.

Question 5

In the 1970s,many less-developed countries (LDCs)proposed a program of collective international action aimed at lessening their levels of dependence that was called the

Accepted Answer

The correct term for the described program is the New International Economic Order (NIEO), which was proposed by many LDCs in the 1970s with the goal of reducing their levels of dependence on developed countries. The other answer choices either do not accurately describe the program or do not exist.

Question 6

Export-oriented industrialized (EOI)countries often experienced __________ inward-oriented LDCs.

Accepted Answer

EOI countries have a strategy of producing goods and services for export, which drives economic growth. This strategy involves integrating with global markets, competing with other countries, and adopting new technologies and practices to improve efficiency. In contrast, inward-oriented LDCs focus on domestic production and consumption, and tend to have limited trade and investment ties with other countries. This strategy can limit economic growth and development. Therefore, EOI countries are likely to experience faster growth rates than inward-oriented LDCs.

Question 7

Democracy emerged in Latin American and parts of East Asia as a result of the

Accepted Answer

The answer of Democracy emerged in Latin American and parts...

Question 8

In international negotiations,LDCs have consistently sought to restructure tariff schedules so that they could

Accepted Answer

LDCs (Less Developed Countries) aim to export more manufactured goods to industrialized countries to improve their trade balance, increase their foreign exchange earnings, and develop their manufacturing sectors. Restructuring tariff schedules to lower barriers for their exports is a strategy to achieve these goals.

Question 9

In making loans to highly indebted countries,the International Monetary Fund typically insists on

Accepted Answer

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) typically insists on structural adjustment policies when making loans to highly indebted countries. These policies require the country to implement certain economic reforms, such as reducing government spending, increasing exports, and privatizing state-owned industries. The goal is to stabilize the country's economy and make it more market-oriented in the hopes of increasing growth and reducing debt.

Question 10

The New International Economic Order included the following demands

Accepted Answer

The New International Economic Order demanded for changes in the market conditions of trade in primary commodities, increased developmental assistance and debt relief, and promotion of industrialization in the LDCs. Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

Question 11

The clearest example of a cartel is

Accepted Answer

OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) is a clear example of a cartel as it is a group of oil-producing countries that work together to control the supply and price of oil on the global market. They do this by setting production quotas for each member country and agreeing on a price range for oil. This allows them to maximize profits and control the market, similar to how a cartel operates. The other choices listed are not cartels, but international organizations or alliances focused on broader issues such as economic cooperation or global governance.

Question 12

Mancur Olson concluded that democracy is more conducive to economic development than other regime types because

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mancur Olson concluded that democracy is more...

Question 13

The economic prerequisites argument emphasizes

Accepted Answer

The economic prerequisites argument emphasizes that economic development is necessary before democracy can be established. This is because economic development creates the necessary social and economic conditions for democratic governance to thrive, such as a middle class, educated population, and a stable economy. Without these conditions, democracy is more likely to fail, leading to political instability and economic stagnation. Therefore, economic development must come before democracy.

Question 14

Which one of the following is NOT a view of international distributive justice?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism is a theory in normative ethics, focusing on the outcomes or consequences of actions to determine their morality, rather than a specific view on international distributive justice.

Question 15

For which of the following commodities has a successful cartel been established?

Accepted Answer

A successful cartel has been established for petroleum with the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Bauxite and copper are primarily controlled by a few large companies, but not through a concerted agreement among producers. Bananas have had attempts at forming cartels, but none have been successful.

Question 16

In order to emphasize the corrupting influence of Western consumerism,radical theorists have coined the term ____________.

Accepted Answer

Coca-colonization refers to the spread of Western consumerism and culture through the dominance of brands like Coca-Cola. The term emphasizes the idea that Western corporations are colonizing other countries by implanting their consumer culture and values.

Question 17

In 2009,low- and middle-income countries accounted for _______ of world exports of manufactured goods.

Accepted Answer

In 2009, low- and middle-income countries accounted for 25 percent of world exports of manufactured goods, reflecting their growing role in the global manufacturing sector.

Question 18

Nobel-prize winning economist,Amartya Sen,showed the _____________ between men and women in many developing countries.

Accepted Answer

Amartya Sen showed the "glaring inequalities" between men and women in many developing countries.

Question 19

In societies marked by relative equality,economic growth

Accepted Answer

In societies marked by relative equality, economic growth is less likely to foster conflict. This is because individuals in more equal societies feel more secure in their economic standing and are less likely to feel threatened by the success of others. Therefore, economic growth is more likely to be seen as beneficial for everyone, rather than only benefiting a select few. As a result, there is a greater potential for cooperation and fewer factors contributing to conflict.

Question 20

The relationship between economic development and democracy is

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have found a strong positive correlation between economic development and democracy. This can be attributed to a number of factors, such as the growth of an educated middle class, the spread of information and communication technologies, and the increasing demand for political participation and accountability. However, it should be noted that correlation does not necessarily imply causation, and there are also cases where democracy has emerged in less developed countries or has regressed in affluent ones.

Quiz 13: Development and Underdevelopment