Question 1

Pauline's parents have been encouraging her to consider colleges that are "not close to home," in order to explore her independence and become a "separate person." Pauline MOST likely lives in a more _____ culture.

Accepted Answer

Encouraging someone to seek independence and become a separate person is a value more often associated with individualistic cultures, which prioritize personal freedom and self-expression over group harmony and interdependence. Collectivistic cultures, on the other hand, typically place a greater emphasis on family and community ties, and individuals may be expected to prioritize the needs of the group over their own desires for individual growth and autonomy.

Question 2

You are giving a talk on false stereotypes about teens.According to the text,which of these stereotypes IS supported by the data?

Accepted Answer

The text states that "teens do tend to be more emotional than adults." This suggests that the stereotype that teens are more emotional than adults is supported by data. The other options (A, B, and D) are not supported by the text.

Question 3

If Beatrice was the first person in her family to attend high school,she MOST likely was a teenager during the late:

Accepted Answer

In the late 1930s, high school education was becoming more accessible and common, but it was still not universal. Prior to this period, especially in rural areas and among lower-income families, not everyone attended high school. Beatrice being the first in her family to attend high school suggests a time when secondary education was starting to become more widespread, aligning with the societal changes of the late 1930s.

Question 4

Josie's mother tells her that she has a choice: she can have a friend come to dinner tonight,or she can wait until the weekend and her friend can also stay overnight.Josie chooses to have her friend come to dinner tonight.According to Laurence Steinberg's research on teens' ability to delay gratification,Josie is most likely:

Accepted Answer

Laurence Steinberg's research on teens' ability to delay gratification indicates that older adolescents (around age 18) have a better ability to delay gratification than younger adolescents. Therefore, the fact that Josie chose to have her friend come to dinner tonight suggests that she is likely in early adolescence or the mid-teens, and not yet fully developed in her ability to delay gratification.

Question 5

Diego and his friends are in high school.You can expect all of the following EXCEPT that:

Accepted Answer

While it is likely that Diego and his friends are sleep deprived at the end of the week and go to bed later than would be ideal, it is not a guarantee that their school day starts earlier than would be best for their biological clocks. However, research suggests that many teenagers tend to undersleep during the week but make up for it by sleeping late on weekends, making option D a likely choice.

Question 6

The Burke family has been in counseling with their 14-year-old daughter,who they complain has been "driving them crazy." If you were their counselor,you might remind them that things may calm down during:

Accepted Answer

The later teenage years (ages 17-19) typically mark a time of increased maturity and independence for teenagers as they approach adulthood. While there may still be challenges, many teenagers become more responsible and easier to manage during this time.

Question 7

Fourteen-year-old Deirdre argues with her parents,experiments with smoking cigarettes and drinking alcohol,and is incredibly sensitive to the opinions of her peers.According to an evolutionary psychologist,Deirdre's risk-taking tendencies and excessive emotionality:

Accepted Answer

According to evolutionary psychologists, risk-taking and emotional sensitivity during adolescence serve an adaptive purpose by pushing individuals out of the safety of their parents' home and into the world. This helps them to gain experience and develop the skills necessary for a successful adult life. Therefore, Deirdre's tendencies towards risk-taking and emotional sensitivity may actually be beneficial in the long run, even though they may cause conflict with her parents in the short term.

Question 8

You have a friend who is running for district representative in the upcoming election.He is asked during a debate how the legal system should manage teen drug use and other teen criminal behavior.According to the text,you should suggest to your friend that the legal system should:

Accepted Answer

The text suggests that the legal system should prioritize rehabilitation over punishment for teen drug use and criminal behavior. This approach recognizes that teenagers are still developing and may be more susceptible to negative influences. Additionally, rehabilitation programs can help teens address the root causes of their behavior and develop better coping strategies for the future. Punishment alone may not be effective in deterring future criminal behavior.

Question 9

In contrast to most U.S.teens,all of the following tend to be true of immigrant teens from collectivist cultures EXCEPT that they:

Accepted Answer

Immigrant teens from collectivist cultures often prioritize family and community over individual success, which contrasts with the idea of prioritizing individual success due to privation.

Question 10

Tara's family might expect to see all of following changes in Tara when she becomes a teen EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The statement "high levels of emotional disturbance" is not necessarily a typical expectation of a teenager's development. While there may be emotional ups and downs, as well as changes in sensitivity to peers and minor risk-taking, these are normal and expected aspects of adolescence. It is not expected for a teenager to have consistently high levels of emotional disturbance.

Question 11

Fifteen-year-old Evelyn believes that everyone is watching and evaluating everything that she does.In David Elkind's adolescent egocentrism framework,this hypersensitivity to the opinions of others is called:

Accepted Answer

The hypersensitivity to the opinions of others is called the imaginary audience, which is one of the components of David Elkind's adolescent egocentrism framework. The personal fable refers to the belief that one is unique and destined for greatness, while preoperational development and concrete operations are stages in Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which are not directly related to the concept of adolescent egocentrism.

Question 12

Joseph was a conscientious objector during World War II because he believed that all wars are immoral.Joseph is in Lawrence Kohlberg's _____ stage of moral development,because Joseph is using his own moral guidelines to guide his behavior,apart from society's rules.

Accepted Answer

Lawrence Kohlberg's postconventional stage of moral development is characterized by individuals using their own ethical principles to guide their behavior. Joseph's decision to be a conscientious objector based on his personal belief that all wars are immoral fits this stage. The other answer choices do not accurately describe Joseph's moral reasoning.

Question 13

Jeremiah's parents have a great deal of difficulty with their 15-year-old son.He continually argues with them and tests their rules.According to the research,as this boy reaches late adolescence,this urge to rebel MOST likely will:

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that as adolescents move into late adolescence and approach adulthood, they tend to become less rebellious and more focused on forming their own identity and making independent decisions, while also seeking guidance and support from their parents. Therefore, it is likely that Jeremiah's urge to rebel will decrease as he gets older.

Question 14

Michelle is a teenage girl who lives in an affluent community.According to the text,Michelle's mother might be on special alert for:

Accepted Answer

The text mentions that Michelle is a teenage girl living in an affluent community, which increases the risk for non-suicidal self-injury. This means that Michelle's mother might be on special alert for this behavior in her daughter. The other options (suicide, heroin or methamphetamine abuse, schizophrenia) are not supported by the information in the text.

Question 15

Victor is a 16-year-old boy.According to the text,which activities might best predict Victor's competence,confidence,and occupational success in future years?

Accepted Answer

The text suggests that having interests in a range of school-related clubs can predict competence, confidence, and occupational success in future years. Having a diverse range of interests can help individuals develop a variety of skills and social connections that can be valuable in the workforce. While the other options (having a part-time job, having a romantic relationship, and studying for hours) may also have some benefits, the text does not specifically indicate that they are good predictors of future occupational success.

Question 16

Sixteen-year-old Mark believes that everyone notices and evaluates the way he talks after he recently had braces put on his teeth.This tendency for adolescents to become obsessed with what others might think about them is called:

Accepted Answer

Adolescent egocentrism is the tendency for adolescents to believe that their experiences and feelings are unique and that others are constantly evaluating them. This can lead to self-consciousness and preoccupation with how one is perceived by others, as demonstrated by Mark's concern about his braces. The other options, such as preoperational development and concrete operations, refer to different stages of cognitive development and are not applicable to this scenario.

Question 17

Fifteen-year-old Amanda associates with the highest-status crowd in her U.S.public school.Amanda's crowd MOST likely consists of:

Accepted Answer

The question states that Amanda associates with the highest-status crowd in her school. In most U.S. schools, athletes are often considered the highest-status group, so it is likely that Amanda's crowd consists of athletes.

Question 18

A group of preteens is talking excitedly with each other about how "cool" it would be to regularly cut class and go to the park instead.This "socialization into delinquency" is called:

Accepted Answer

Deviancy training refers to the process in which peers reinforce and encourage antisocial behavior, leading to the socialization into delinquency. In this scenario, the preteens are reinforcing each other's desire to skip class and engage in delinquent behavior, fitting the definition of deviancy training.

Question 19

According to the text,most adolescents become interested in romantic partners during _____ school.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the text,most adolescents become interested...

Question 20

Terrence hangs out with his clique,while his brother,Jherome,spends time with a crowd.Terrence is in a _____ peer group,and Jherome is with a _____ peer group.

Accepted Answer

Terrence is in a small peer group (clique), while Jherome is in a larger peer group (crowd). Therefore, choice A is the best option. Choices C and D are not applicable because the question does not provide information about the closeness of the peer groups, or whether they are marginalized or popular.

Quiz 9: Cognitive and Socioemotional Development