Question 1

Which of the following statements is true?
A)Nutritional standards are often used to evaluate the nutritional adequacy of diets.
B)A nutrient requirement is the maximum amount that results in optimal nutritional status.
C)The Recommended Dietary Allowance is the amount of a nutrient that is required by humans.
D)Most Americans should consume 150% of the RDA or AI for each nutrient.

Accepted Answer

Nutritional standards, such as the RDA and AI, are commonly used to assess the nutritional adequacy of diets. B is false since nutrient requirements are the minimum amount needed to prevent deficiency. C is partially true, as the RDA is the amount of a nutrient needed by most healthy individuals, but not necessarily all individuals. D is false, as consuming more than the RDA or AI may increase risk of toxicity for certain nutrients.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true?
A)"Carbohydrate counting" is a component of the Exchange System.
B)The Exchange System and MyPlate use the same food groups.
C)People can calculate their vitamin and mineral intakes by using the Exchange System.
D)The Exchange System can be used to estimate the carbohydrate content of foods.

Accepted Answer

The Exchange System categorizes foods into groups with similar macronutrient content, allowing for easier estimation of carbohydrate content in meals, which is particularly useful for individuals managing conditions like diabetes.

Question 3

Kevin was a participant in a clinical study to determine how much niacin cures pellagra,the niacin deficiency disease.During the study,he consumed only a formula diet that was deficient in niacin.After developing pellagra,he was given 2 mg of niacin a day for 2 weeks,but he still suffered from the disease,so the scientists added 2 mg of the vitamin to Kevin's formul A.By the beginning of the 5th week of the study,the researchers noticed that Kevin's signs and symptoms were greatly improved.At the end of the 5th week,he was feeling fine.The researchers concluded that
A)Kevin's niacin requirement was about 4 mg a day.
B)Kevin's Daily Value for niacin was 4 mg a day.
C)the RDA for niacin should be 4 mg.
D)the AI for niacin should be 4 mg plus 60 mg as a margin of safety.

Accepted Answer

The improvement in Kevin's condition after his daily niacin intake was increased to 4 mg suggests that this was the amount necessary to cure his pellagra, indicating his personal requirement was about 4 mg a day.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true?
A)Dietitians use the MyPyramid Plan as the standard for assessing a population's nutrient adequacy.
B)A few nutrients have Adequate Intake values instead of Recommended Dietary Allowances.
C)If you do not consume 100% of the RDA for vitamin C each day,you have a high risk of developing the vitamin's deficiency disease.
D)The Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine established Daily Values to determine the nutritional adequacy of Americans' diets.

Accepted Answer

A few nutrients do have Adequate Intake values instead of Recommended Dietary Allowances, such as fiber and vitamin D. The other statements are not entirely accurate. Dietitians often use the Dietary Guidelines for Americans rather than the MyPyramid Plan for assessing nutrient adequacy, consuming less than 100% of the RDA for a particular nutrient does not necessarily result in a deficiency disease, and Daily Values were actually developed for food labeling purposes, not to assess the nutritional adequacy of Americans' diets.

Question 5

The Tolerable Upper Limit for a nutrient is the
A)highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily.
B)precise amount proven to cure the nutrient's deficiency disorder in humans.
C)amount that meets the nutrient needs of 98% of the population.
D)minimum amount of the nutrient that can be tolerated on an empty stomach when consumed as a dietary supplement.

Accepted Answer

The Tolerable Upper Limit (UL) for a nutrient is the highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily. This level is based on scientific research and is set to protect against the adverse effects that can occur from excessive intake of certain nutrients. It is not the amount required to meet the needs of the entire population, but rather a level that should be avoided to prevent harm.

Question 6

Benton usually consumes 2200 kcal/day.He wants to meet the AMDR for carbohydrate intake (45-65% of total kcal).Based on this information,his acceptable range of intake for carbohydrates is _____ kcal/day.
A)725-1030
B)1440-1630
C)850-1130
D)990-1430

Accepted Answer

To find Benton's acceptable range of intake for carbohydrates, we need to first calculate his total daily kcal intake range using the AMDR for carbohydrates:

Minimum kcal intake: 2200 kcal/day x 0.45 (minimum percentage for carbs) = 990 kcal/day
Maximum kcal intake: 2200 kcal/day x 0.65 (maximum percentage for carbs) = 1430 kcal/day

Therefore, Benton's acceptable range of intake for carbohydrates is 990-1430 kcal/day, which is option D.

Question 7

A nutrition scientist wants to develop a nutritionally complete formula diet for adults who are healthy but need to avoid solid food for awhile.Based on this information,she is likely to refer to _____ when developing the new formul A.
A)DRIs
B)Exchange System lists
C)Dietary Guidelines
D)MyPlate

Accepted Answer

DRIs (Dietary Reference Intakes) provide specific recommendations for nutrient intake based on age, gender, and other factors. Since the nutrition scientist is developing a formula diet, she would need to ensure that the formula contains all the necessary nutrients in the appropriate amounts to meet the needs of healthy adults. The other options listed (Exchange System lists, Dietary Guidelines, MyPlate) are focused more on general healthy eating patterns and may not provide the specific nutrient guidance needed for the development of a formula diet.

Question 8

Josh was a participant in a clinical study to determine how much thiamin cures beriberi,the vitamin's deficiency disease.During the study,Josh consumed only a formula diet that was nutritionally complete,except it did not contain thiamin.Within a few weeks,Josh developed beriberi.At that point,researchers gave 0.20 mg thiamin to Josh each day for a week,but his signs and symptoms of beriberi remained.In the weeks that followed,the scientists continued to increase Josh's intake of the vitamin by 0.2 mg/week.After a week of taking 0.6 mg of thiamin/day,Josh reported feeling much better.Based on this information,the researchers concluded that Josh's
A)AMDR for thiamin was between 0.2 and 0.6 mg/day.
B)requirement for thiamin was at least 0.6 mg/day.
C)requirement for thiamin was 0.20 mg/day.
D)RDA for thiamin was 0.6 mg/day.

Accepted Answer

Josh developed beriberi due to thiamin deficiency and his symptoms did not improve with 0.2 mg thiamin/day, indicating that his thiamin requirement was higher than 0.2 mg/day. The gradual increase in thiamin intake and improvement in his symptoms after taking 0.6 mg/day suggests that his thiamin requirement was at least 0.6 mg/day. Therefore, choice B is the best answer. The other options are either too low or do not provide enough information to estimate Josh's thiamin requirement. The RDA for thiamin is higher than Josh's requirement as it is set to meet the needs of most individuals in a population, and Josh's individual requirement may differ depending on various factors.

Question 9

Recently,Miriah participated in a study that was designed to determine how much iron is necessary to prevent iron deficiency.Within a few weeks of consuming an iron-free diet,Miriah's red blood cells began to show signs that they lacked iron,and she began to complain about feeling tired.At that point,the researched added some iron to Miriah's food,so her daily intake of the mineral would be 1 mg.After 1 week,the researchers checked the iron content of Miriah's blood,and although it was higher than the earlier value,she still complained about feeling tired.In the weeks that followed,the scientists continued to increase Miriah's iron intake by 1 mg/week and check her for signs and symptoms of iron deficiency.After a week of taking 6 mg of iron/day,she reported feeling like "her old self" and having plenty of energy.Based on this information,the researchers concluded that Miriah's
A)body required 6 mg iron/day.
B)UL for iron was 6 mg,plus 3 mg as a margin of safety.
C)RDA for iron was 6 mg.
D)minimum Daily Value was 6 mg iron/day.

Accepted Answer

The researchers concluded that Miriah's body required 6 mg iron/day to prevent iron deficiency and restore her energy levels. This is based on the fact that her symptoms of iron deficiency resolved only after she had been consuming 6 mg of iron per day for a week. The other options are not supported by the information given in the passage. The concept of UL (tolerable upper intake level) and RDA (recommended dietary allowance) are not applicable in this case as the study was focused on determining the amount of iron necessary to prevent deficiency, not on identifying upper or lower limits of safe intake. The term "minimum Daily Value" is a standard used in nutrition labeling and does not provide information about individual nutrient needs.

Question 10

A team of scientists determines that the average healthy woman who is between 19 and 30 years of age needs 40 mg of a vitamin to prevent developing the vitamin's deficiency disorder.Based on this information,the
A)woman will develop the vitamin's toxicity disorder when she consumes between 40 and 50 mg of the vitamin on a daily basis for about 10 weeks.
B)scientists can determine the RDA for the vitamin.
C)UL for the vitamin will be based on the EER value.
D)woman can meet her AMDR for the vitamin by consuming at least 40 mg/day.

Accepted Answer

The information given allows scientists to determine the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for the vitamin, which is the average daily intake needed to meet the requirements of almost all healthy individuals in a certain age and gender group. It does not provide enough information to determine the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) or the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for the vitamin, nor does it indicate the potential for toxicity at various intake levels.

Question 11

An Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)is the
A)percentage of a nutrient standard that is used for food labeling purposes.
B)minimum amount of a nutrient that is safe to consume and cures the nutrient's deficiency disease.
C)range of intake for a particular nutrient that is not likely to cause toxicity or deficiency.
D)amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of 50% of healthy people in a particular population.

Accepted Answer

An Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is the amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of 50% of healthy people in a particular population.

Question 12

The Exchange System allows you to
A)calculate your DRIs.
B)predict your risk of serious chronic diseases such as diabetes.
C)estimate your carbohydrate intake.
D)interpret nutrition information on food labels.

Accepted Answer

The Exchange System is designed to help individuals manage their diet by categorizing foods into groups that have similar macronutrient content, particularly focusing on carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. It is especially useful for estimating carbohydrate intake, which is crucial for people managing diabetes or those who are monitoring their carbohydrate consumption for other health reasons.

Question 13

To establish a nutrient's RDA,nutrition scientists add _____ of the nutrient to its EAR.
A)the %DV amount
B)50 to 100 mg
C)a "margin of safety" amount
D)an AI amount

Accepted Answer

To establish an RDA, nutrition scientists add a "margin of safety" amount to the nutrient's EAR to account for individual variations and ensure that nearly all healthy individuals in a specific population meet their nutrient needs.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true?
A)Nutrition scientists have established RDAs for all essential nutrients.
B)People can have energy needs that are higher or lower than the Estimated Energy Requirement.
C)People who consume less than the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of a nutrient have a high risk of developing the nutrient's toxicity disorder.
D)People who consume 90% of the RDA for iron regularly are likely to develop an iron deficiency.

Accepted Answer

The Estimated Energy Requirement is an estimation of how many calories a person needs based on their age, gender, weight, and physical activity level. However, individual energy needs may vary based on factors such as genetics and metabolism. Therefore, some people may need more or less than the estimated amount. The other statements are not true. RDAs have not been established for all essential nutrients, there is not necessarily a high risk of toxicity if consuming less than the Tolerable Upper Intake Level, and consuming 90% of the RDA for iron would not necessarily lead to an iron deficiency.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true?
A)The adult AMDR for carbohydrates is 45 to 65% of total energy intake.
B)A group of scientists at the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics developed the DRIs.
C)Recommended Dietary Allowances meet the nutrient needs of 50% of healthy people.
D)Nutrient requirements are the same,regardless of a person's age or sex.

Accepted Answer

The statement "The adult AMDR for carbohydrates is 45 to 65% of total energy intake" is true. AMDR stands for Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range, which is the recommended range of macronutrient intake (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) for adults to maintain good health. The AMDR for carbohydrates is between 45% to 65% of total energy intake.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true?
A)The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention maintains the government's database of the nutrient contents of foods for labeling purposes.
B)Consumers can use the "What's in the Food You Eat,Search Tool" to assess the nutrient content of foods.
C)Dietary analysis software programs provide exact values for the micronutrient contents of foods.
D)By using dietary analysis software,you can obtain precise information about your total day's energy intake.

Accepted Answer

The "What's in the Food You Eat, Search Tool" is a tool provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture that allows consumers to assess the nutrient content of foods. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention maintains a similar database, but it is used for public health purposes, not labeling. Dietary analysis software programs provide estimates, but not exact values, for the nutrient contents of foods. While dietary analysis software can provide information about daily energy intake, the information obtained is an estimate rather than a precise value.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true?
A)The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention maintains the government's database of the nutrient contents of foods for labeling purposes.
B)The energy and nutrient contents of foods used in dietary analysis software are not necessarily exact values.
C)The U.S.Department of Agriculture does not provide information about the nutritional value of foods.
D)By using dietary analysis software,you can obtain precise information about your intake of calories and micronutrients.

Accepted Answer

The energy and nutrient contents of foods used in dietary analysis software are not necessarily exact values because they are based on average values and can vary depending on factors such as cooking methods and growing conditions. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention does maintain a database of nutrient contents of foods, but this is not the only source of information used in dietary analysis software. The U.S. Department of Agriculture provides extensive information about the nutritional value of foods through its National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, which is used by many dietary analysis software programs. While dietary analysis software can provide a good estimate of nutrient intake, it is not precise because of the variability in the nutrient content of foods.

Question 18

The amount of vitamin C that meets about 98% of the population's need for the nutrient is the _____ for the vitamin.
A)UL
B)RDA
C)%DV
D)EAR

Accepted Answer

The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is the average daily dietary intake level that is sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97-98%) healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true?
A)By using dietary analysis software,you can obtain precise information about your total day's energy and nutrient intakes.
B)Dietary analysis software programs provide exact values for the micronutrient contents of foods.
C)The National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference is an Internet tool for assessing the nutrient content of foods.
D)The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention maintains the government's database of the nutrient contents of foods for labeling purposes.

Accepted Answer

The National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference is an Internet tool that provides information on the nutrient content of foods.

Question 20

A group of 50 adult male humans were in a clinical study to determine how much niacin is toxic.During the first two weeks of the study,members of the group consumed only a formula diet that was nutritionally complete,except it contained 24 mg niacin,which is 1.5 times the RDA for niacin (males).At that point in the study,all members reported feeling fine,and they could function normally.During the next week,they were given a formula that contained 48 mg niacin.Within a few days of consuming this formula,90% of the participants reported feeling ill,and they complained of having upset stomachs and reddened facial skin.At that point,researchers gave the subjects a formula that contain 16 mg niacin.After a week of consuming the new formula,all participants reported feeling well again.Based on this information,the researchers concluded that the
A)human requirement for niacin is 16 mg/day.
B)AMDR for niacin is between 16 and 24 mg/day.
C)EER for niacin was 16 mg/day.
D)UL for niacin was between 24 and 48 mg/day.

Accepted Answer

The fact that 90% of the participants reported feeling ill after consuming 48 mg of niacin suggests that this amount is close to the upper intake level (UL) for niacin, which is the maximum daily intake that is unlikely to cause adverse health effects. Additionally, the fact that all participants felt well again after consuming a formula with 16 mg of niacin suggests that this amount was sufficient to meet their needs, and therefore, the human requirement for niacin is likely lower than 48 mg/day. Therefore, the best choice is D, UL for niacin was between 24 and 48 mg/day.

Quiz 3: Planning Nutritious Diets

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is true?

The Tolerable Upper Limit for a nutrient is the

Benton usually consumes 2200 kcal/day.He wants to meet the AMDR for carbohydrate intake (45-65% of total kcal) .Based on this information,his acceptable range of intake for carbohydrates is _____ kcal/day.

A nutrition scientist wants to develop a nutritionally complete formula diet for adults who are healthy but need to avoid solid food for awhile.Based on this information,she is likely to refer to _____ when developing the new formul A.

A team of scientists determines that the average healthy woman who is between 19 and 30 years of age needs 40 mg of a vitamin to prevent developing the vitamin's deficiency disorder.Based on this information,the

An Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is the

The Exchange System allows you to

To establish a nutrient's RDA,nutrition scientists add _____ of the nutrient to its EAR.

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements is true?

The amount of vitamin C that meets about 98% of the population's need for the nutrient is the _____ for the vitamin.

Which of the following statements is true?