Question 1

Realists are willing to engage in

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

The Wilsonian Idealism approach to diplomacy means that

Accepted Answer

E

Question 3

The exercise of American military power is less credible because of

Accepted Answer

Cuts in the defense budget have resulted in a reduction in the number of active-duty military personnel, training, and equipment, which has diminished the overall capacity and readiness of the US military, making its exercise of power less credible. While fear of Russian retaliation, lack of public support, and fear of Al-Qaeda forces may also negatively impact the credibility of American military power, the cuts in the defense budget have had a more significant impact.

Question 4

The notion that soldiers and government officials in sovereign nations are obliged to disobey laws and policies that violate universal standards of justice is commonly referred to as:

Accepted Answer

The Nuremberg Principle is a widely recognized concept in international law that holds soldiers and government officials accountable for obeying laws and policies that violate universal standards of justice. This principle emerged after the Nuremberg Trials, which prosecuted Nazi leaders for war crimes committed during World War II. It emphasizes the idea that individuals have a moral and legal obligation to disobey orders that violate basic human rights and international law. The other options, B) The Dresden Principle and C) The Tokyo Edict, are not widely recognized principles in international law.

Question 5

The spheres of influence concept acknowledges American vital interests at stake in the Western Hemisphere and Western Europe but modern technology means that

Accepted Answer

The modern technology has made it possible for the U.S. interests to be defined not only by geography but by other factors such as economic, political, and social factors. The spheres of influence concept is therefore outdated as it limits the U.S. interests to specific geographic regions.

Question 6

The Obama administration successfully found and killed Osama bin Laden

Accepted Answer

The Obama administration did indeed find and kill Osama bin Laden, who was the mastermind behind the 9/11 attacks. On May 2, 2011, a team of U.S. Navy SEALS raided bin Laden's compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan, and killed him. The operation was a major victory in the war on terror and a capstone moment for the Obama presidency.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a part of Wilsonian idealism?

Accepted Answer

Wilsonian idealism focuses on diplomacy, international law, and collective security rather than the balance of power, which is more associated with realist approaches to international relations.

Question 8

Balance of Power is the concept that no one power or coalition of power should be allowed to gain dominating power as to be able to dictate the terms of the relationship among nations.This is done by

Accepted Answer

Shifting alliances so that one power always allies with the weaker of competing states or alliances is the most accurate description of the Balance of Power concept. This strategy ensures that no single nation achieves dominance over any other nation or group of nations. This approach helps to maintain stability, prevent war, and ensure that no one power can dictate the terms of the relationship among nations. The other options, such as playing a game of chess or bribing the stronger power, are not practical or effective solutions to maintaining a balance of power between nations. Working through the resources of the United Nations can be helpful, but it is not the primary strategy for maintaining a balance of power.

Question 9

The policy of containment was aimed at

Accepted Answer

The policy of containment was a strategy adopted by the United States during the Cold War to limit the expansion of communism throughout the world. It was based on the belief that if communism could be contained within its existing borders, it would eventually collapse under the weight of its own failures. The policy included various diplomatic, economic, and military actions to prevent the spread of communism, such as the Marshall Plan and the establishment of NATO.

Question 10

The Cold War policy of resisting any further encroachment of governments labeled communist was ____________.

Accepted Answer

The description matches the policy of containment, which was the guiding principle of U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War. It involved preventing the spread of communism beyond countries where it already existed and attempting to roll back communist expansion through diplomatic, economic, and military means.

Question 11

The principle that nations have a greater interest in territories contiguous to their borders than other parts of the world is reflected in

Accepted Answer

The principle that nations have a greater interest in territories contiguous to their borders is known as the Monroe Doctrine. This doctrine was proclaimed by President Monroe in 1823 and it stated that the US would consider any attempt by European powers to establish new colonies in the Americas as dangerous to the peace and safety of the US. This doctrine reflected the US's belief that they had a greater interest in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere than any other part of the world.

Question 12

Gulf War I in which the U.S.sided with Kuwait against Saddam Hussein was done

Accepted Answer

The U.S. intervened in Gulf War I to prevent Saddam Hussein's Iraq from achieving regional hegemony in the Middle East. Saddam Hussein had already invaded Kuwait and posed a threat to neighboring countries such as Saudi Arabia. Therefore, the U.S. sought to prevent Iraq from dominating the region and assert its own influence.

Question 13

Collective security is defined by several assumptions,but not

Accepted Answer

Collective security assumes that war is not a normal policy instrument, but rather an abnormal and undesirable phenomenon that should be prevented through collective action.

Question 14

The United States Cold War strategy of relying on massive nuclear power to deter Soviet encroachment on US interests is called

Accepted Answer

The United States Cold War strategy of relying on massive nuclear power to deter Soviet encroachment on US interests is commonly known as "deterrence." This strategy was based on the belief that the US could prevent Soviet aggression by making it clear that any attack on the US or its allies would result in devastating retaliation. The deterrence strategy was a key component of US foreign policy during the Cold War.

Question 15

Realists argue that the United States should not get involved in Rwanda or Sudan genocide,but should try to halt the ethnic cleansing of the former Yugoslavia because

Accepted Answer

Realists believe that the United States should prioritize its national interests in its foreign policy decisions. Therefore, the U.S. has more interests at stake in the affairs of Central Europe, and that is why they should get involved in Yugoslavia but not in Rwanda or Sudan. This choice is consistent with the realist foreign policy approach.

Question 16

Realism identifies the resources involved in creating the threat of punishment.Those resources include

Accepted Answer

Realism, as a theory in international relations, emphasizes the role of state power in ensuring security and pursuing national interests. It identifies resources such as economic power and military might as key to creating the threat of punishment or deterrence. The appeal of one's principle is not typically emphasized in realism, which focuses more on material capabilities than on ideological or moral appeals. Therefore, both economic power and military might are considered crucial resources, making "all of the above" the correct answer.

Question 17

Realists' view of resources used to create rewards or punishments does not include:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Realists' view of resources used to create...

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true of classical diplomacy?

Accepted Answer

Classical diplomacy assumes that there is no universal self-evident principle of justice, right or wrong or truth that nations are morally obligated to pursue. This means that a nation's actions are based on their self-interest rather than a moral obligation. The other options are incorrect as they do not accurately describe classical diplomacy.

Question 19

Deterrence as a strategy is based on

Accepted Answer

Deterrence as a strategy is based on power politics, which means that the main objective is to dissuade an adversary from taking an action through the fear of retaliation or punishment. It is not based on the merits or justice of the policy goals, nor is it about making the first strike.

Question 20

Realists criticized United States involvement in the Vietnam War because

Accepted Answer

Realists criticize foreign policies that do not serve national interests. In the case of the Vietnam War, critics argued that the cost in resources and manpower did not outweigh any potential benefits to American security and prosperity. Therefore, option A is the best choice as it aligns with the realists' perspective.

Quiz 12: Foreign and Defense Policy: Security and Interests in a Dangerous World