Question 1

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization is an example of

Accepted Answer

NATO is a collective security arrangement that was formed to provide mutual defense against potential Soviet aggression in Europe. It is a political and military alliance of North American and European countries.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT associated with foreign policy regarding Israel?

Accepted Answer

The Contras were a U.S.-backed paramilitary group in Nicaragua during the 1980s, and are therefore not associated with foreign policy regarding Israel. The other options are all related to Israeli-Palestinian relations and/or Middle East peace processes.

Question 3

During the Cold War,the guiding principle of U.S.foreign policy regarding the Soviet Union was

Accepted Answer

The guiding principle of US foreign policy towards the Soviet Union during the Cold War was containment, which involved stopping the spread of communism and Soviet influence through various economic, political, and military means. This policy was first articulated by George F. Kennan in his 1947 "Long Telegram" and later in his "X" article, and it formed the basis of US foreign policy towards the USSR for decades. The idea was to contain Soviet expansionism and prevent it from becoming a global threat by containing its power, rebuilding Europe through the Marshall Plan, strengthening NATO, and engaging in other tactics to deter Soviet aggression.

Question 4

The Oslo Process (Oslo Accords)was an effort to settle which ongoing dispute?

Accepted Answer

The Oslo Process, also known as the Oslo Accords, was a series of agreements negotiated between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in the 1990s with the aim of resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The accords established interim self-governing arrangements for the Palestinian territories and marked the first official recognition of the PLO by Israel. However, the peace process ultimately stalled and the conflict continues to this day.

Question 5

American policy toward the communist countries shortly after the Second World War would best be described as:

Accepted Answer

American policy toward the communist countries shortly after the Second World War was centered around containing the spread of communism. This policy was articulated in the Truman Doctrine and implemented through the Marshall Plan and NATO. The United States saw communism as a threat to democracy and capitalism, and believed that if it were allowed to spread unchecked, it would eventually undermine American interests around the world. Therefore, the policy of containment was meant to prevent the further spread of communism and to limit its influence wherever it already existed.

Question 6

Which of the following factors were important in leading to the end of the Cold War?

Accepted Answer

The end of the Cold War was primarily due to the collapse of communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. The antagonism between Communist China and the Soviet Union may have contributed to the weakening of the Communist bloc but was not the main factor. The results of the Vietnam War had some impact on the US's perception of its global influence, but it was not a decisive factor in ending the Cold War.

Question 7

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)are examples of

Accepted Answer

NATO is an example of the principle of collective security, which involves a group of nations agreeing to defend each other against a common threat. This is different from unilateralism, which involves a nation acting alone without the support or involvement of other nations. While balance of power and deterrence may also play a role in NATO's mission, the principle of collective security is the most prominent aspect of the alliance.

Question 8

There are a number of strong and well-armed Palestinian groups who declared their intent to destroy the Jewish state.This list does not include:

Accepted Answer

The Palestinian Authority (PA), also known as the Palestinian National Authority (PNA), is the governing body of the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip. While the PA has been involved in conflict with Israel in the past, it is not a militant group and has officially recognized Israel's right to exist.

Question 9

Unilateralism is the principle that nationals are responsible for getting assistance to help preserve their national interests

Accepted Answer

Unilateralism refers to a state's approach to conducting foreign policy independently, without seeking the cooperation or consent of other nations, primarily to pursue its own interests. It does not specifically relate to getting assistance to preserve national interests.

Question 10

According to the authors,the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 was

Accepted Answer

The authors state that the Bolshevik Revolution was used as a justification for action in pursuit of national interests, which suggests that it was seen as an opportunity to advance one's own country's goals rather than a purely ideological conflict, beginning of the Cold War, or an example of communist expansion.

Question 11

The failure of the collective security provision to pass the United Nations due to the lack of unanimous agreement by the great powers led to the creation of the ___________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The failure of the collective security provision...

Question 12

The "intifada" refers to

Accepted Answer

The "intifada" specifically refers to uprisings of Palestinian militants in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, beginning in the late 1980s and continuing intermittently until today. It is not related to fundamentalist Islamism or Shi'ite uprisings in Iran, nor is it tied to the Israeli invasion of Arab territory or the Golan Heights.

Question 13

President George W.Bush's administration was criticized for attacking Iraq because it was considered an act of unilateralism.

Accepted Answer

The Bush administration was criticized for the 2003 invasion of Iraq, which was viewed by many as a unilateral action taken without proper international support or justification.

Question 14

Acquiescing to Russian President Putin's seizure of Russian speaking segment of Ukraine in 2014 is considered by the authors to be an example

Accepted Answer

Appeasement refers to the policy of making concessions to an aggressor in order to avoid conflict, which is exactly what happened when Western countries did not take strong action in response to Russia's takeover of Crimea in 2014.

Question 15

"Terrorism" may be defined as

Accepted Answer

Terrorism is generally understood as involving violence or the threat of violence, often against non-combatants, with the purpose of achieving political, religious, or ideological objectives. This definition encompasses both the random violence against non-combatants (B) and the use of violence to compel a nation or group to change its policies (C), making E the correct combination.

Question 16

_________ consists of random,devastating violence against noncombatant populations to compel another power to change its policies.

Accepted Answer

Terrorism involves using violence and fear to create a desired political outcome by attacking innocent civilians. This tactic is often used by groups who feel that they are unable to achieve their goals through more conventional means, such as diplomacy or warfare. Terrorism is widely condemned by the international community as a violation of human rights and a threat to global stability. Containment, deterrence, and collective security are all strategies used to maintain peace and security, but they do not involve deliberate violence against noncombatants.

Question 17

The "Road Map" for Israeli-Palestinian peace was put forward by the _______ Administration.

Accepted Answer

The "Road Map" for Israeli-Palestinian peace was introduced during the presidency of George W. Bush.

Question 18

What was the rationale for the President Clinton's administration not getting the United States involved in the genocide in Rwanda but getting involved in the former Yugoslavia conflict? Was this decision in keeping with the idealist conception that America should fight injustice wherever it occurs?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was the rationale for the President...

Question 19

The vast majority of American support of the nation of Israel consists mainly of

Accepted Answer

The main form of American support for Israel is through military aid, which includes providing weaponry, technology, and other forms of military support. As of 2020, the United States provides $3.8 billion in annual military aid to Israel, making it one of the largest recipients of U.S. foreign assistance. Building supplies, peace corps workers, and surplus food items are not significant forms of American support for Israel.

Question 20

Israel in 2005 withdrew from the _____________.

Accepted Answer

Israel withdrew from the Gaza Strip in 2005.

Quiz 12: Foreign and Defense Policy: Security and Interests in a Dangerous World