Question 1

Patients that are dehydrated, have a decreased fluid intake, are in shock, or have renal disease may have an insufficient production (or volume) of urine. This is called ________.

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Question 2

Naturally produced solids of definite form that are commonly seen in urine specimens and usually do not indicate a significant disorder are ________.

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Question 3

The presence of blood in the urine, or ________, can be caused by cystitis, kidney stones, menstruation, ureteral or bladder catheters, or urethral irritation.

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Question 4

For an O&P test to determine if the patient has a protozoal or parasitic infection, both a fresh and a(n) ________ stool specimen are collected for examination.

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Question 5

Renal or urethral obstruction and renal failure can cause absence of urine production, known as ________.

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Question 6

Presence of the bile pigment bilirubin in the urine, called ________, is one of the first signs of liver disease or conditions that involve the liver.

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Question 7

The epithelial cells found in urine and pictured here are ________ cells.

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Question 8

The type of cells pictured here are ________ cells.

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Question 9

The procedure in which a sterile plastic tube is inserted into the kidney, ureter, or bladder to provide urinary drainage is called ________.

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Question 10

The presence of free hemoglobin in the urine is known as ________, a rare condition caused by transfusion reactions, malaria, drug reactions, snakebites, or severe burns.

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Question 11

A fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is a test for ________, or occult, blood in the stool.

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Question 12

Cylinder-shaped elements with flat or rounded ends that are formed when protein from the breakdown of cells accumulates and precipitates in the kidney tubules and are washed into the urine are called ________.

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Question 13

Occurring in patients with diabetes, ________ is the presence of significant glucose in the urine.

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Question 14

Catheters used to withdraw fluids, including Foley, retention, ureteral, and straight versions, are collectively known as ________ catheters.

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Question 15

A(n) ________ urine specimen contains greater concentrations of substances that collect overnight than do specimens taken during the day.

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Question 16

The crystals found in urine and pictured here are ________ crystals.

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Question 17

The microscopic cast found in urine and pictured here is a(n) ________ cast.

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Question 18

The ________ midstream urine specimen may be collected and submitted for culturing to identify the number and the types of pathogens present and requires special cleansing of the external genitalia to avoid contamination.

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Question 19

A genetically inherited disorder in which the body cannot properly metabolize the nutrient phenylalanine is ________ (PKU).

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Question 20

Injured or damaged muscle tissue can cause ________, which is the presence of myoglobin in the urine.

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Quiz 47: Processing and Testing Urine and Stool Samples