Question 1

The body's mechanisms to protect itself against pathogens in general are called nonspecific defenses or ________ immunity

Accepted Answer

The answer of The body's mechanisms to protect itself against...

Question 2

Some foreign substances in the body are too small to start an immune response by themselves, so they join to proteins in the blood, where they are able to trigger an immune response. These substances are called ________.

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The answer of Some foreign substances in the body are...

Question 3

When normal cells create growths, the growths are called ________, meaning they are not cancerous.

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The answer of When normal cells create growths, the growths...

Question 4

The most active phagocytes in the blood are neutrophils and ________.

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The answer of The most active phagocytes in the blood...

Question 5

In a(n) ________ disease, the body begins to attack its own antigens.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a(n) ________ disease, the body begins...

Question 6

Fluids in the body are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fluids in the body are called ________....

Question 7

Major proteins in serum that attack pathogens and can also attract macrophages to pathogens and stimulate inflammation are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Major proteins in serum that attack pathogens...

Question 8

Which of the following actions causes lymph to flow through the lymphatic vessels?

Accepted Answer

The squeezing action of the skeletal muscles helps to push lymph through the lymphatic vessels, as the lymphatic system does not have a central pump like the heart.

Question 9

Any factor that causes the formation of cancer is a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

Carcinogens are substances or exposures that can lead to cancer by altering cellular metabolism or damaging DNA directly in cells, which interferes with biological processes, and induces the uncontrolled, malignant growth.

Question 10

Which of the following are not signs or symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus?

Accepted Answer

Tender lymph nodes in the neck are not typically associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, whereas the other options can be symptoms or complications of the disease.

Question 11

Which of the following describes the thymus?

Accepted Answer

The thymus is unique in that it decreases in size after puberty, a process known as involution, transitioning from a prominent organ in childhood, crucial for the development of the immune system, to a much smaller organ in adults, largely replaced by fatty tissue.

Question 12

Large phagocytic cells that produce monokines and digest pathogens in the lymph are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Large phagocytic cells that produce monokines and...

Question 13

If lymph cannot be pushed through the vessels, ____.

Accepted Answer

When lymph cannot be pushed through the vessels, it accumulates in the tissues, leading to swelling or edema. This is because the lymphatic system is responsible for returning excess fluid from tissues back into the bloodstream. If this process is hindered, the fluid builds up in the tissues.

Question 14

Which of the following are signs or symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is characterized by severe fatigue that is not improved by rest and is worsened by physical or mental activity. Other symptoms can include tender lymph nodes, muscle pain, joint pain without swelling or redness, sore throat, and headaches. Options A, B, C, and E list symptoms that are not typically associated with CFS.

Question 15

________, which is contained in blood, acts as a chemical barrier and blocks viruses from infecting cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________, which is contained in blood, acts...

Question 16

Which of the following describes the spleen?

Accepted Answer

The spleen plays a crucial role in filtering blood, removing aged or damaged red blood cells (RBCs) from circulation, and recycling their components.

Question 17

Ted came to the office feeling weak and has had significant weight loss recently. His blood tests show that his T-cell count is 178, his temperature is 102.4, and his blood pressure is 100/62. Based on his signs and symptoms, the practitioner might perform further tests to rule out ______.

Accepted Answer

A T-cell count below 200, significant weight loss, fever, and low blood pressure are indicative of AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), which compromises the immune system severely.

Question 18

White blood cells called ________ engulf and destroy pathogens and unwanted debris in the body.
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Accepted Answer

The answer of White blood cells called ________ engulf and...

Question 19

Elisa has just been diagnosed with stage II breast cancer. The practitioner has explained what this means, but Elisa is upset and confused. She asks the medical assistant if her cancer is serious. Which of the following is the best response to her question?

Accepted Answer

C is the best response because it accurately reflects the seriousness of any cancer diagnosis while providing specific and accurate information about stage II breast cancer, which indicates that the cancer is more advanced than stage I but has not spread beyond the breast. This response is empathetic and informative without minimizing the patient's concerns or providing misleading information.

Question 20

Sherry is a 17-year-old patient who arrives at the office complaining of fever, headache, frequent cough, and being tired all the time. She is concerned because her boyfriend has similar symptoms and was recently diagnosed with mononucleosis. Which of the following precautions should you take while you are working with Sherry?

Accepted Answer

Mononucleosis, often called "mono," is spread through saliva and can be transmitted through coughing, sneezing, or sharing utensils, not just kissing. Wearing a mask can help prevent the spread of the virus to healthcare workers.

Quiz 27: The Lymphatic and Immune Systems