Question 1

The "neoliberal" economics of the 1970s stressed:
A) budget deficits and free markets with restraints on profit incentives and social welfare programs.
B) free markets and social welfare programs with restraints on budget deficits.
C) profit incentives and social welfare programs with restraints on budget deficits and free markets.
D) profit incentives and budget deficits with restraints on social welfare programs.
E) free markets and profit incentives with restraints on budget deficits and social welfare programs.

Accepted Answer

The "neoliberal" economics of the 1970s emphasized free markets and profit incentives, with some restraints on budget deficits and social welfare programs. This approach aimed to increase economic growth and efficiency by reducing government intervention in markets and promoting private enterprise. However, some critics argue that this approach has led to rising inequality and social hardship, particularly for lower-income groups.

Question 2

By the 1990s,there were major advances involving:
A) a worldwide commitment to seek a cure for all forms of cancer.
B) the Human Genome project to map the architecture of human DNA.
C) the search for a cure for all

Accepted Answer

The Human Genome project was a major advance in the 1990s that aimed to map the architecture of human DNA. While there were certainly ongoing efforts to find cures for various diseases, there was not a worldwide commitment specifically focused on seeking a cure for all forms of cancer. Option C is also too broad; while cancer research was certainly a focus, there were many other diseases and conditions being studied as well.

Question 3

Although many countries suffered from declining populations in the late twentieth century,the country that took a very sudden and potentially dangerous move in this direction was:
A) Finland.
B) Russia.
C) Great Britain.
D) Germany.
E) the United States.

Accepted Answer

Russia's population decline in the late twentieth century was sudden, severe, and potentially dangerous for the country's economic and political stability. The decline has continued into the twenty-first century, with a projected population decrease of 10% by 2050. Germany and Japan also experienced population decline, but it was not as sudden or severe as Russia's. Finland, Great Britain, and the United States have not experienced significant population declines.

Question 4

In 1990,Saddam Hussein attempted to restore Iraq's influence and prestige by invading its neighbor:
A) Syria.
B) Kuwait.
C) Iran.
D) Afghanistan.
E) Pakistan.

Accepted Answer

Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait in 1990, claiming that it was historically a part of Iraq and that Kuwait was illegally siphoning oil from its shared borders. This action led to the Gulf War, in which a coalition of countries led by the United States pushed Iraqi forces out of Kuwait.

Question 5

By the late twentieth century,electronic devices had revolutionized the lives of individuals,but none to the degree of:
A) personal computers.
B) mobile phones.
C) handheld organizers.
D) portable CD players.
E) iPods.

Accepted Answer

Personal computers have completely transformed the way people work, communicate, and access information. They have become an essential part of modern-day life and have revolutionized industries such as education, healthcare, and entertainment. While mobile phones, handheld organizers, portable CD players, and iPods have also had a significant impact on people's lives, none have had as widespread and transformative an effect as personal computers.

Question 6

One area of achievement in medical research in the late twentieth century which may enable us to prevent diseases was the:
A) development of a vaccine against most viruses.
B) eradication of most forms of early infant mortality.
C) invention of the electron microscope.
D) development of genetic engineering.
E) eradication of typhus throughout the world.

Accepted Answer

The development of genetic engineering in the late twentieth century has provided scientists with the tools to study and manipulate DNA, ultimately leading to the ability to prevent or cure diseases at the genetic level. This has resulted in advancements such as gene therapy and the ability to create genetically modified organisms for medical purposes.

Question 7

To what does the term postcolonial refer?
A) diplomatic efforts by the superpowers to play the interests of newly independent states off those of their former colonizers
B) the vehement nationalism of independence movements in Europe's Asian colonies
C) the many legacies of colonial rule, which have extended well beyond independence
D) the emergence of political and cultural philosophies rejecting the legacies of colonialism
E) the decade following independence when a new nation establishes itself economically

Accepted Answer

The term postcolonial refers to the many legacies of colonial rule, which have extended well beyond independence. It refers to the social, cultural, economic, and political effects of colonialism on former colonies even after gaining independence.

Question 8

The post-World War II arrangements reached by the Allies at Bretton Woods steadily eroded in the late 1960s and effectively ended in 1971,when the United States:
A) refused to endorse the establishment of the World Bank.
B) defaulted on a loan it had guaranteed through the International Monetary Fund.
C) withdrew from membership in NATO following France's lead.
D) withdrew its support for the financial policies of the G-7 countries.
E) abandoned the postwar gold standard and allowed the dollar to range freely.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is choice E. In 1971, the United States abandoned the postwar gold standard and allowed the dollar to range freely, effectively ending the Bretton Woods system. This decision was made due to a number of economic factors, including a large trade deficit and high inflation, which made it difficult for the U.S. government to maintain the fixed exchange rate between the dollar and gold that had been established at Bretton Woods.

Question 9

Although South Africa made a relatively easy transition from apartheid to majority rule,other African countries had a much bloodier path to follow.For example,in the former Belgian colony of _________,over 800,000 Tutsis were slaughtered by the Hutus in a brutal display of ethnic violence.
A) Rhodesia
B) Rwanda
C) Zaire
D) the Congo
E) Zambia

Accepted Answer

The mention of a former Belgian colony and the description of the brutal ethnic violence against Tutsis make it clear that the answer is Rwanda.

Question 10

Globalization has generated discussions concerning all of the following EXCEPT:
A) the nature of citizenship.
B) transnational corporation accountability.
C) the environment.
D) the human cost involved in globalization.
E) the legitimacy of national self-determination.

Accepted Answer

Globalization discussions typically encompass the nature of citizenship, transnational corporation accountability, environmental concerns, and the human cost involved in globalization processes. However, the legitimacy of national self-determination is not a primary focus of globalization debates, as these discussions more often revolve around how global interconnectedness affects various aspects of society and the world, rather than questioning the legitimacy of nations determining their own statehood or governance.

Question 11

The development of the Internet has given rise to a new meaning for the expression:
A) "one world."
B) "global culture."
C) "world culture."
D) "global village."
E) "small world."

Accepted Answer

The term "global village" was coined by Marshall McLuhan in the 1960s, but has gained new relevance with the advent of the Internet. It refers to the idea that the world is becoming increasingly interconnected and interdependent, with information and culture flowing freely across national borders. This has led to the development of a kind of global community, where people from different parts of the world can communicate, share ideas, and collaborate more easily than ever before.

Question 12

Although there is a sharp divide between the most successful global players and the poorer,disadvantaged states and cultures,the poorer states have been able to respond to a very profitable market in the West in one area of manufacture,that of:
A) illegal drugs.
B) steel.
C) software.
D) motion pictures.
E) pharmaceuticals.

Accepted Answer

The manufacture and sale of illegal drugs is a profitable market, with a high demand in the West, and many poorer states have been able to respond to this demand. However, it is important to note that this is an illegal and dangerous industry.

Question 13

How were South African politics decisively transformed in and after 1990?
A) By the brutal spillover of civil wars in neighboring Angola and Zaire
B) By the dramatic example of Rhodesia's transition to minority rule as Zimbabwe
C) By the return to the politics of apartheid that had been eliminated in the 1960s
D) By the cumulative economic effects of sanctions imposed on South Africa by the United States and the Commonwealth during the 1980s
E) By the release of political prisoner Nelson Mandela and the legalization of the African National Congress

Accepted Answer

The release of political prisoner Nelson Mandela and the legalization of the African National Congress marked a major turning point in South African politics, as it signaled the end of apartheid and the beginning of a new era of democracy and equality. This led to the negotiation and adoption of a new constitution in 1996, which established a non-racial, democratic government and guaranteed equal rights for all South Africans. The transition to democracy was also facilitated by international pressure, including the economic sanctions imposed on South Africa, which helped to isolate the apartheid regime and weaken its legitimacy.

Question 14

At its most basic,globalization means:
A) unity and peace.
B) equality of nations and prosperity.
C) sameness.
D) integration.
E) common means of communication.

Accepted Answer

Globalization refers to the integration and interconnectedness of economies and societies worldwide, resulting in the movement of goods, services, people, and ideas across borders.

Question 15

"Globalization" and "internationalization" are not synonymous,as globalization can occur:
A) only between countries with a common language and culture.
B) quite independently of national control.
C) between two or more groups of people, but only in the cultural realm.
D) only under the control of established nation-states.
E) only within a single geographical area.

Accepted Answer

Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of the world's economies, societies, and cultures, which can occur independently of national control. Internationalization, on the other hand, refers to the process of increasing involvement of countries in international affairs, including economic, political, and cultural exchanges. Therefore, globalization can occur between countries with different languages and cultures and does not necessarily require the control of established nation-states.

Question 16

Demographic studies indicate that the world's population is:
A) growing rapidly in North America and Europe while shrinking elsewhere.
B) growing rapidly on all continents with isolated pockets of shrinkage.
C) seeing significant growth of the Asian portion n of the world population.
D) generally shrinking with isolated pockets of growth.
E) steadily increasing at a fairly constant rate across all continents.

Accepted Answer

According to demographic studies, the world's population is seeing significant growth in the Asian portion of the world population. While growth rates vary across different regions, Asia has the largest population and is experiencing the highest rate of population growth. Other continents are also seeing growth, though at a slower rate. Shrinking populations are mainly limited to developed countries with low birth rates, such as Japan and parts of Europe.

Question 17

The term liquid modernity refers to:
A) the uncertainty of life in the twenty-first century.
B) rapid advances made in medical science toward the end of the twentieth century.
C) the relative free flow of people, money, and ideas around the world.
D) paintings by Salvador Dali and the surrealist school.
E) monetary policy set by the World Bank to allow currency values to float relative to each other.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The term liquid modernity refers to:
A) the...

Question 18

One of the major influences in the postcolonial world prior to 1990 was:
A) the availability of capital to develop a country's native industries.
B) a declining birthrate among the developing countries.
C) denial of European markets to their emerging industries.
D) full support by the old colonial powers in their colony's development.
E) the Cold War with its attendant superpower patronage.

Accepted Answer

The Cold War with its attendant superpower patronage had a significant influence in the postcolonial world prior to 1990. The United States and Soviet Union both competed for influence and support among newly independent nations, often through aid programs and military aid. This had a major impact on the political and economic development of many postcolonial countries.

Question 19

By the late twentieth century,health officials' worries that a disease would spread to epidemic proportions much more quickly due to accelerated rates of travel were confirmed by:
A) SIDS.
B) AIDS.
C) SARS.
D) TARRS.
E) TARP.

Accepted Answer

AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) spread rapidly around the world in the late twentieth century and was aided by increased rates of travel, confirming health officials' worries about the potential for diseases to become epidemics more quickly. SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome), TARS (Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome), and TARP (Troubled Asset Relief Program) are not relevant to the question. SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) was a disease outbreak also facilitated by travel, but it occurred in the early twenty-first century.

Question 20

A central aspect of globalization since 1970 has been the:
A) rapid integration of commercial and financial markets.
B) rapid expansion of technology to every corner of the world.
C) population explosion, which created a vast pool of unskilled labors in the Third World.
D) free flow of labor, particularly between former colonies and imperial powers.
E) free flow of information that has allowed for the decrease in political tensions.

Accepted Answer

The rapid integration of commercial and financial markets has been a central aspect of globalization since 1970, leading to the expansion of multinational corporations and the increased flow of goods, capital, and services across borders. This has been facilitated by advancements in transportation, communication, and technology.

Quiz 29: A World without Walls: Globalization and the West

The "neoliberal" economics of the 1970s stressed:

By the 1990s,there were major advances involving:

Although many countries suffered from declining populations in the late twentieth century,the country that took a very sudden and potentially dangerous move in this direction was:

In 1990,Saddam Hussein attempted to restore Iraq's influence and prestige by invading its neighbor:

By the late twentieth century,electronic devices had revolutionized the lives of individuals,but none to the degree of:

One area of achievement in medical research in the late twentieth century which may enable us to prevent diseases was the:

To what does the term postcolonial refer?

The post-World War II arrangements reached by the Allies at Bretton Woods steadily eroded in the late 1960s and effectively ended in 1971,when the United States:

Although South Africa made a relatively easy transition from apartheid to majority rule,other African countries had a much bloodier path to follow.For example,in the former Belgian colony of _________,over 800,000 Tutsis were slaughtered by the Hutus in a brutal display of ethnic violence.

Globalization has generated discussions concerning all of the following EXCEPT:

The development of the Internet has given rise to a new meaning for the expression:

Although there is a sharp divide between the most successful global players and the poorer,disadvantaged states and cultures,the poorer states have been able to respond to a very profitable market in the West in one area of manufacture,that of:

How were South African politics decisively transformed in and after 1990?

At its most basic,globalization means:

"Globalization" and "internationalization" are not synonymous,as globalization can occur:

Demographic studies indicate that the world's population is:

The term liquid modernity refers to:

One of the major influences in the postcolonial world prior to 1990 was:

By the late twentieth century,health officials' worries that a disease would spread to epidemic proportions much more quickly due to accelerated rates of travel were confirmed by:

A central aspect of globalization since 1970 has been the: