Question 1

Your friend Reanna asks you about cancer prevention methods that go beyond lifestyle changes.You inform her about Gardasil and Cervarix, which protect against infection by two high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV).What percentage of cervical cancers, worldwide, are associated with those two types of HPV?

Accepted Answer

Gardasil and Cervarix protect against HPV types 16 and 18, which are responsible for approximately 70% of cervical cancer cases worldwide.

Question 2

Three-year-old Landon has painful sores in his mouth caused by chemotherapy for leukemia.What instructions should his parents be given about oral hygiene?

Accepted Answer

Using swabs is recommended to avoid further damage to the already painful sores in Landon's mouth caused by chemotherapy. Brushing vigorously, using alcohol-based mouthwash, or flossing could exacerbate the sores and cause more pain.

Question 3

Your best friend is diagnosed with lymphoma and asks you about what she's read about the side effects of treatments, particularly gastrointestinal effects and hair loss.You explain to her that many drugs used in the treatment of cancer have effects on the gastrointestinal system and hair because they are especially toxic to cells that are ____.

Accepted Answer

Cancer treatments, especially chemotherapy, are known to affect cells that are rapidly proliferating. This includes not only cancer cells but also healthy cells that divide quickly, such as those in the gastrointestinal tract and hair follicles, leading to side effects like nausea and hair loss.

Question 4

Bryant has skin cancer and is being treated with an antimetabolite, which routes are available for administration ____.

Accepted Answer

Antimetabolites used in the treatment of skin cancer can be administered through various routes, including intravenously (IV), topically, and orally. This allows for flexibility in treatment based on the specific needs and condition of the patient.

Question 5

Macy's chemotherapy has left her so anemic and prone to infections that treatment must be temporarily halted.What type of drug might Macy be prescribed to help her body produce bone marrow stem cells that divide and develop into red and white blood cells, and platelets?

Accepted Answer

Colony-stimulating factors are drugs that stimulate the bone marrow to produce more blood cells, including red and white blood cells, and platelets, which can help patients like Macy who are anemic and prone to infections due to chemotherapy.

Question 6

Sebastian has chronic myelogenous leukemia and is being given imatinib (Gleevec).Imatinib blocks specific enzymes and growth factor receptors that affect cancer cell proliferation and belongs to the class of drugs called ____.

Accepted Answer

Imatinib (Gleevec) is a signal transduction inhibitor. It works by blocking the action of enzymes and growth factor receptors involved in the signaling pathways that lead to cancer cell proliferation, specifically targeting the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase enzyme in chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Question 7

Darian is being treated for lymphoma and invariably experiences nausea and vomiting from his chemotherapy.What medication might be useful in minimizing these side effects?

Accepted Answer

Ondansetron is an antiemetic medication commonly used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy. It works by blocking the actions of chemicals in the body that can trigger nausea and vomiting.

Quiz 14: Antineoplastic Drugs

Three-year-old Landon has painful sores in his mouth caused by chemotherapy for leukemia.What instructions should his parents be given about oral hygiene?

Bryant has skin cancer and is being treated with an antimetabolite, which routes are available for administration ____.

Macy's chemotherapy has left her so anemic and prone to infections that treatment must be temporarily halted.What type of drug might Macy be prescribed to help her body produce bone marrow stem cells that divide and develop into red and white blood cells, and platelets?

Sebastian has chronic myelogenous leukemia and is being given imatinib (Gleevec) .Imatinib blocks specific enzymes and growth factor receptors that affect cancer cell proliferation and belongs to the class of drugs called ____.

Darian is being treated for lymphoma and invariably experiences nausea and vomiting from his chemotherapy.What medication might be useful in minimizing these side effects?