Question 1

Which of the following memory systems is associated with the primacy effect?

Accepted Answer

The primacy effect is associated with long-term memory. It refers to the tendency to remember items at the beginning of a list better than those in the middle or at the end, as these items have a higher chance of being encoded into long-term memory.

Question 2

Identify the process in which information stored in long-term memory is sent back to short-term memory.

Accepted Answer

Retrieval is the process through which information stored in long-term memory is accessed and brought back into short-term memory or consciousness.

Question 3

The purpose of the ____ memory system is to retain for a split second a highly accurate record of what each of our senses has just experienced in the environment.

Accepted Answer

The sensory memory system is responsible for holding a very accurate, yet brief, record of sensory information (sights, sounds, smells, etc.) that we have just experienced, allowing us to process and make sense of the world around us momentarily before the information is either discarded or passed on to short-term memory.

Question 4

A durable memory system that has an immense capacity for information storage is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

Long-term memory refers to the phase or type of memory responsible for the storage of information for an extended period. It has a vast capacity for information storage, distinguishing it from other types of memory like sensory or short-term memory.

Question 5

Memory researchers argued that the ____ occurs because people have more time to think about the earlier items than the later items.

Accepted Answer

The primacy effect occurs because people have more time to think about and thus better remember the earlier items in a list, compared to the later items.

Question 6

As a child,your parents may have told you that it was important to make a good first impression.The importance of good first impressions may be explained by what psychological memory principle?

Accepted Answer

The Primacy effect explains the tendency to remember information at the beginning of a list or sequence better than information that comes later. This principle can be applied to making a good first impression, as the initial information or interaction is more likely to be remembered.

Question 7

A memory system that very briefly stores the sensory characteristics of a stimulus is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory is the part of the memory system that very briefly stores the sensory characteristics of a stimulus. It acts as a buffer for stimuli received through the five senses and is the first stage of the memory process.

Question 8

Why does information flow from short-term memory go to long-term memory?

Accepted Answer

Information flows from short-term memory to long-term memory for further encoding and storage. This process involves consolidating and organizing information so that it can be stored more permanently, allowing it to be retrieved later.

Question 9

____ memory is not involved in the retrieval process of memory.

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory is involved in the initial process of collecting information through the senses, not in the retrieval process of memory. It acts as a buffer for stimuli received through the senses and is typically only held for a very short period of time (less than a second for visual information, a few seconds for auditory information) before it is either discarded or passed on to short-term memory.

Question 10

Two-way processing is not associated with ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Two-way processing is not associated with ____.
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Question 11

Information decay is fastest in ____.

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory holds information for a very short period of time, typically less than a second for visual information and a few seconds for auditory information, making it the type of memory where information decays the fastest.

Question 12

Memory researchers discovered that the recency effect occurs because ____.

Accepted Answer

The recency effect occurs because the last items presented in a string of information are stored within a memory system (specifically, the short-term or working memory) for a short amount of time, making them easier to recall.

Question 13

The increased memory for the last bits of information presented in a string of information is known as the ____.

Accepted Answer

The recency effect refers to the phenomenon where individuals tend to remember the last items in a series better than those in the middle. This is often contrasted with the primacy effect, where the first items are better remembered.

Question 14

____ memory happens automatically,without effort and without conscious awareness.

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory happens automatically and without conscious awareness, capturing information from the environment through our senses for a very brief period.

Question 15

The primacy and recency effects discovered by Ebbinghaus provided evidence for two distinct memory systems known as ____.

Accepted Answer

The primacy and recency effects discovered by Ebbinghaus provided evidence for the distinction between short-term and long-term memory systems. The primacy effect refers to the tendency to remember items at the beginning of a list (long-term memory), while the recency effect refers to the tendency to remember items at the end of a list (short-term memory).

Question 16

A limited capacity memory system where we actively "work" with information is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

Short-term memory, often equated with or considered a component of working memory, is where information is temporarily held and manipulated for ongoing tasks.

Question 17

____ receives information from sensory memory.

Accepted Answer

Short-term memory receives information from sensory memory and processes it for further storage or use.

Question 18

Which of the following is the first memory system that typically comes into play in the memory process?

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory is the first stage in the memory process, where sensory information is stored for a very brief period.

Question 19

Which of the following memory systems is associated with the recency effect?

Accepted Answer

The recency effect is associated with short-term memory, which refers to the tendency to remember the most recently presented information better than information presented earlier.

Question 20

When you are asked to recall the name of the dog you had as a child,the information is retrieved from ____ and sent to ____.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is B) long-term memory; short-term memory. This is because recalling the name of a dog you had as a child involves retrieving information stored in your long-term memory and bringing it into your short-term or working memory for use.

Quiz 7: Memory