Question 1

Alexandra believes that the outcome of life is in the hands of God.This belief is part of the ______.

Accepted Answer

Constraint culture refers to the belief that individuals have limited control over their lives and that external forces, such as fate or divine will, determine outcomes.

Question 2

Which of the following is FALSE regarding cardiovascular reactivity?

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular reactivity does not show the same relation to measures of past discrimination across different ethnic groups; it can vary based on individual experiences and backgrounds.

Question 3

Hardening of the arteries is the condition in which the arteries lose their elasticity and are more susceptible to blockages from clots or plaques.The term for this condition is called ______.

Accepted Answer

Arteriosclerosis is the general term for the hardening and loss of elasticity of the arteries.

Question 4

Kaiya lives in Japan and was raised in a traditional Japanese family.In a ______ culture such as hers, people do not approve of the open display of emotion.

Accepted Answer

In a neutral culture, people are more restrained in expressing emotions openly, which aligns with traditional Japanese cultural norms.

Question 5

Accelerated blood pressure due to time constraints is less common in cultures ______.

Accepted Answer

Cultures with a fluid time orientation are less likely to experience stress-related issues like accelerated blood pressure due to time constraints, as they are more flexible with time and less focused on strict schedules.

Question 6

One psychological factor that has NOT been intrinsically tied to the incidence and progression of cardiovascular diseases is ______.

Accepted Answer

Openness to new experiences is a personality trait and is not directly linked to cardiovascular diseases, unlike depression, anger, and social support, which have been shown to have significant impacts on heart health.

Question 7

Changes in heart rate and blood pressure in response to stress is referred to as ______.

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular reactivity refers to the changes in heart rate and blood pressure in response to stress.

Question 8

Jeanette has diabetic dyslipidemia.Which of the following is most likely to be TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Diabetic dyslipidemia is characterized by low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, and often normal or slightly elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol.

Question 9

The increased risk of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes is due, in part, to ______.

Accepted Answer

Irregularities in fat storage and metabolism in type 2 diabetes contribute to increased cardiovascular risk due to factors like insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.

Question 10

Which of the following is TRUE about the Framingham Study?

Accepted Answer

The Framingham Study is a long-term, ongoing cardiovascular cohort study on residents of the town of Framingham, Massachusetts. It began in 1948 and has included multiple generations, with third-generation cohorts participating today.

Question 11

The accumulation of fatty substances in the blood vessels is called ______.

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerosis is the condition characterized by the accumulation of fatty substances, cholesterol, and other substances in and on the artery walls.

Question 12

The ______ was the first to establish a relationship between levels of cholesterol and high blood pressure and their affect on heart disease risk.

Accepted Answer

The Framingham Heart Study was the first major study to establish a relationship between cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, and the risk of heart disease.

Question 13

Cardiovascular diseases affect the heart and the circulatory system.The ethnic group(s) with the lowest rate of cardiovascular disease is ______.

Accepted Answer

Asian or Pacific Islanders generally have the lowest rates of cardiovascular disease compared to other ethnic groups.

Question 14

Dr.Francois conducted a laboratory study that entailed measuring participants' blood pressure.She was most likely measuring ______.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Francois was likely measuring cardiovascular reactivity, which involves assessing changes in cardiovascular parameters like blood pressure in response to stress or other stimuli.

Question 15

In the 2008 cross-sectional Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, African American women had the highest median C-reactive protein levels.This means that ______.

Accepted Answer

Higher C-reactive protein levels are associated with an increased risk of chronic heart disease.

Question 16

What ethnic group has the lowest numbers of deaths due to CVD?

Accepted Answer

Asian Americans generally have lower rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and related deaths compared to other ethnic groups in the United States.

Question 17

Of the following Americans, who is LEAST likely to experience a stroke?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of the following Americans, who is LEAST...

Question 18

Individuals in ______ cultures may have higher levels of anxiety and stress and correspondingly have more risk for heart problems because they believe they have absolute control over their outcomes.

Accepted Answer

In control cultures, individuals often believe they have absolute control over their outcomes, which can lead to higher levels of anxiety and stress, increasing the risk for heart problems.

Question 19

Which of the following is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

As people get older, their risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) actually increases, not decreases.

Question 20

Hamner and Wilder (2008) used the Coronary Heart Disease Knowledge Test to measure knowledge of cardiovascular disease in rural Alabama women.Which of the following were participants most aware of as risk factors for CVD?

Accepted Answer

Participants were most aware of obesity as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Quiz 14: Cardiovascular Disease: Fundamentals and Cultural Variations