Question 1

Which statement accurately describes total blood flow?

Accepted Answer

Total blood flow equals cardiac output and can vary significantly over time with activity levels, as it depends on the heart rate and stroke volume, which change with physical activity and other factors.

Question 2

Tissue damage can trigger local release of histamine, which can

Accepted Answer

Histamine release during tissue damage can stimulate the release of nitric oxide, which acts as a vasodilator, helping to increase blood flow to the affected area.

Question 3

A vasodilator causes a decrease in local blood flow at a capillary bed.

Accepted Answer

A vasodilator causes blood vessels to widen, increasing blood flow to a capillary bed.

Question 4

If someone's blood pressure were listed as 110/65 mmHg, then their mean arterial pressure (MAP) would be

Accepted Answer

Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is calculated using the formula: MAP = (SBP + 2*DBP) / 3. For a blood pressure of 110/65 mmHg, MAP = (110 + 2*65) / 3 = 80 mmHg.

Question 5

Blood flow is

Accepted Answer

Blood flow is directly proportional to the pressure gradient and inversely proportional to resistance, according to the formula: Flow = Pressure Gradient / Resistance.

Question 6

Systolic blood pressure is recorded

Accepted Answer

Systolic blood pressure is the maximum pressure in the arteries during ventricular contraction (systole).

Question 7

An increase in blood vessel diameter would lead to a decrease in blood flow.

Accepted Answer

An increase in blood vessel diameter typically leads to a decrease in resistance and an increase in blood flow, according to the principles of fluid dynamics and Poiseuille's law.

Question 8

If someone's blood pressure were listed as 125/75 mmHg, then their pulse pressure would be

Accepted Answer

Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure. So, 125 - 75 = 50 mmHg.

Question 9

Angiogenesis

Accepted Answer

Angiogenesis is the process of forming new blood vessels, which increases the blood supply to a tissue, thereby enhancing its perfusion.

Question 10

The contraction of skeletal muscles plays an important role in the movement of blood in the veins.

Accepted Answer

The contraction of skeletal muscles compresses the veins, causing blood to be pushed towards the heart, which helps in the movement of blood in the veins.

Question 11

An increase in blood flow that follows a temporary disruption of blood flow is known as reactive ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An increase in blood flow that follows...

Question 12

The respiratory pump assists blood movement within the veins of the trunk, because as a person inspires,

Accepted Answer

During inspiration, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, increasing intra-abdominal pressure while decreasing intrathoracic pressure. This pressure gradient helps move blood from the abdominal veins into the thoracic veins and towards the heart.

Question 13

The driving force propelling blood through the circulatory system is the difference in blood pressure from the beginning of a blood vessel to its end. This difference is known as the blood pressure ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The driving force propelling blood through the...

Question 14

At a capillary bed, a vasoconstrictor

Accepted Answer

A vasoconstrictor stimulates precapillary sphincters to constrict, which decreases local blood flow by reducing the diameter of the blood vessels, thus limiting blood flow into the capillary bed.

Question 15

Imagine someone who drank too much water before running a race. Their very watery blood would have

Accepted Answer

Drinking too much water dilutes the blood, reducing its viscosity, which decreases resistance to flow.

Question 16

The force per unit area that blood places on the inside wall of a blood vessel

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure is the force per unit area that blood places on the inside wall of a blood vessel.

Question 17

Peripheral resistance is

Accepted Answer

Peripheral resistance is directly related to vessel length because longer vessels have more resistance, and inversely related to vessel radius because larger radii reduce resistance.

Question 18

Blood pressure is lowest in

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure is lowest in veins as they have thinner walls and a larger diameter compared to arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. This allows them to hold a larger volume of blood at a lower pressure. Venules also have low pressure, but they are smaller in size than veins.

Question 19

Imagine yourself sitting in an awkward position in an uncomfortable chair that is depriving part of your leg from normal blood flow. This deprivation of adequate perfusion will result in what sort of local changes in your leg?

Accepted Answer

The buildup of carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions due to inadequate perfusion leads to vasodilation to increase blood flow and restore normal conditions.

Question 20

To prevent excessive blood loss following tissue damage, local chemicals such as

Accepted Answer

Thromboxanes are chemicals that are released to trigger vasoconstriction, which helps to reduce blood flow and prevent excessive blood loss following tissue damage.

Quiz 20: Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation