Question 1

What should you test to determine the diagnosis of the student in question 1?

Accepted Answer

D

Question 2

Autoantibodies against sperm

Accepted Answer

Autoantibodies against sperm can be of different immunoglobulin classes, including IgG and IgA. Therefore, they can be detected in binding assays using latex beads coated with either anti-IgG or anti-IgA.

Question 3

Cortisol and aldosterone insufficiency develop in which of the following diseases?

Accepted Answer

Addison's disease is characterized by insufficient production of cortisol and aldosterone due to adrenal gland dysfunction.

Question 4

The disease in question 15 is

Accepted Answer

The answer of The disease in question 15 is
...

Question 5

Antibodies to acetylcholine and T-cell reactivity are seen in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies to acetylcholine are characteristic of myasthenia gravis, a type II hypersensitivity reaction, while T-cell reactivity is associated with type IV hypersensitivity reactions.

Question 6

A student in the class always is complaining that she's cold, she's tired, she's been gaining weight but says she just doesn't care about anything anymore. The semester has been tough, and although you feel guilty, at first you ignore her, but just now as you looked up, her neck appears to be enlarged in the front and her skin and hair look dry. What do you think she might have?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described, such as feeling cold, tiredness, weight gain, apathy, dry skin and hair, and an enlarged neck (goiter), are indicative of hypothyroidism, which is commonly caused by Hashimoto's disease.

Question 7

What should you look for to determine the diagnosis of the student in question 9?

Accepted Answer

IgA against tissue transglutaminase is used to diagnose celiac disease, which is often a concern in students with symptoms like gastrointestinal issues or growth problems.

Question 8

Antibodies found in type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes include

Accepted Answer

In type 1 diabetes, the immune system targets and destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65), insulin, and insulin-associated antigen are commonly found in individuals with this condition.

Question 9

Venous and arterial clots are associated with

Accepted Answer

Antiphospholipid antibodies are associated with both venous and arterial clots.

Question 10

How should the patient in questions 9 and 10 be treated?

Accepted Answer

The patient in question 9 has celiac disease, which is an autoimmune disorder that is triggered by the ingestion of gluten. The only treatment for celiac disease is a gluten-free diet.

Question 11

Another student has an odd-looking blistery rash and has been losing weight. You and she are good friends, but must she tell you about her bowel symptoms? She has diarrhea and cramping. What do you think she might have?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms of blistery rash, weight loss, diarrhea, and cramping are indicative of Celiac disease, which is an autoimmune disorder where ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine.

Question 12

ANCA

Accepted Answer

ANCA stands for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and aids in the diagnosis of vasculitic diseases.

Question 13

What should you look for to determine the diagnosis in your grandmother in question 12?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What should you look for to determine...

Question 14

How should your grandmother in questions 12 and 13 be treated?

Accepted Answer

Systemic corticosteroids are often used to treat inflammatory skin conditions, which might be relevant to the context of the questions.

Question 15

Your grandmother has blisters in her mouth. At first you thought that they are just canker sores, but now they have spread to her scalp! She has always been so proud of her looks and is upset. These are huge blisters, bigger than 1 cm in diameter, and they burst easily. In making a diagnosis, for what should her physician look?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your grandmother has blisters in her mouth....

Question 16

Dry eyes and mouth are symptoms of which of the following diseases?

Accepted Answer

Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder characterized by dry eyes and dry mouth due to the body's immune system attacking its own moisture-producing glands.

Question 17

ANCA is found in

Accepted Answer

ANCA (Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies) is commonly associated with Wegener's granulomatosis, now known as Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, which is a type of vasculitis.

Question 18

How should the patient in question 1 be treated?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How should the patient in question 1...

Question 19

Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65, insulin-associated antigen, and insulin found are found in which of the following diseases?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65, insulin-associated antigen, and insulin are commonly associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus, an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.

Question 20

Of two different autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland occur that give different symptoms, which of the following is consistent with the symptoms seem in each disease?

Accepted Answer

Hashimoto's disease typically causes hypothyroidism, leading to symptoms like feeling cold, fatigue, dry skin, and weight gain. Grave's disease causes hyperthyroidism, resulting in symptoms like feeling hot, needing little sleep, and weight loss.

Quiz 11: Autoimmunityorgan or Tissue Specific