Question 1

Which of the following cells kills tumor cells and virally infected cells, not antigen specific, uses perforins

Accepted Answer

NK cells (Natural Killer cells) are part of the innate immune system and can kill tumor cells and virally infected cells without the need for antigen specificity. They use perforins to induce cell death.

Question 2

The first cell at the site of an infection is a(n)

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils are the first responders to the site of infection, arriving quickly to engulf and destroy pathogens.

Question 3

CD11c+ cells are

Accepted Answer

CD11c is a marker for dendritic cells.

Question 4

Which of the following is involved in a humoral immune response?

Accepted Answer

B lymphocytes are involved in the humoral immune response as they produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids.

Question 5

A pattern recognition receptor is(are)

Accepted Answer

Toll-like receptors are a type of pattern recognition receptor that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns.

Question 6

Antimicrobial peptides is(are)

Accepted Answer

Defensins and cathelicidins are types of antimicrobial peptides that play a role in the innate immune system by disrupting the membranes of pathogens.

Question 7

Which of the following has a polymorphic nucleus

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils have a polymorphic nucleus, meaning their nucleus is segmented into multiple lobes, which is a characteristic feature of these cells.

Question 8

When treated with IL-2, this cell becomes an LAK cell.

Accepted Answer

Natural Killer (NK) cells, when treated with Interleukin-2 (IL-2), become Lymphokine-Activated Killer (LAK) cells, which have enhanced cytotoxic activity against tumor cells.

Question 9

An antigen-specific cell is a

Accepted Answer

T or B lymphocytes are antigen-specific cells, meaning they can recognize and respond to specific antigens.

Question 10

CD19, 20, 21 are on these cells

Accepted Answer

The answer of CD19, 20, 21 are on these cells
...

Question 11

The innate immune system uses

Accepted Answer

Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) on immune cells recognize Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) on pathogens, which is a key mechanism of the innate immune system.

Question 12

A secondary lymphoid organ is(are)

Accepted Answer

SALT is a secondary lymphoid organ.

Question 13

A pathogen associated molecular pattern is(are)

Accepted Answer

Unmethylated DNA and ss RNA are pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) recognized by the immune system.

Question 14

A phagocytic cell is a(n)

Accepted Answer

Macrophages are a type of phagocytic cell that engulf and digest cellular debris and pathogens.

Question 15

Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death occurs when

Accepted Answer

Apoptosis involves the cell receiving signals that lead to the activation of enzymes that digest its own DNA, leading to controlled cell death.

Question 16

An acute phase reactant involved in cardiac risk measurements is(are)

Accepted Answer

C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase reactant that is commonly used in assessing cardiac risk, as elevated levels can indicate inflammation and potential cardiovascular issues.

Question 17

The cell of the following cell types that is called a Kupfer cell when in the liver is

Accepted Answer

Kupffer cells are specialized macrophages located in the liver, responsible for phagocytosing pathogens and debris.

Question 18

The phagocytic cell that does not arrive first at the site of a chronic infection is the

Accepted Answer

Macrophages are phagocytic cells that are part of the body's immune system. They are found in tissues throughout the body and are responsible for engulfing and destroying foreign particles, such as bacteria and viruses. Macrophages are not the first cells to arrive at the site of a chronic infection, as neutrophils are typically the first responders.

Question 19

Which quadrant in the figure contains the smaller cell(s) with more granularity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of  Which quadrant in the figure contains...

Question 20

CD 56+, CD 16+, and CD3- are markers used to characterize-

Accepted Answer

CD56+, CD16+, and CD3- are markers used to characterize an NK cell.

Quiz 1: Introduction to Immunology