Question 1

Clara has attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Her doctor is most likely to prescribe__________for treating the disorder.

Accepted Answer

Ritalin is a common medication prescribed for ADHD as it helps increase attention and decrease impulsiveness and hyperactivity in patients.

Question 2

Bronchodilators can be used to treat _____.

Accepted Answer

Bronchodilators are medications that relax the muscles of the airways, increasing airflow to the lungs, and are commonly used to treat asthma, a condition characterized by airway constriction.

Question 3

Dexter is a seven-year-old who often gets into fights with his classmates. He does not listen to his teachers and refuses to sit still for extended periods of time. Both his teachers and his parents find it difficult to make him concentrate on one topic for a long period of time. In this scenario, Dexter is most likely suffering from _____.

Accepted Answer

Dexter's symptoms of difficulty concentrating, inability to sit still, and frequent fights align with characteristics of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Question 4

A child is most likely to benefit from stimulants such as Ritalin if:

Accepted Answer

Stimulants like Ritalin are commonly prescribed to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), which is characterized by symptoms such as a short attention span.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of children who are obese?

Accepted Answer

Obesity can lead to breathing problems and asthma due to the excess weight putting pressure on the lungs and airways. Children who are obese are also at a higher risk for developing sleep apnea, which can further exacerbate breathing difficulties. The other statements are not true of children who are obese. Obesity can lead to high blood pressure and cholesterol, and it is also a risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes. Additionally, children who are obese may experience social rejection and bullying from peers.

Question 6

__________requires the performance of fine motor skills.

Accepted Answer

Coordinating a knife and fork requires the use of precise fine motor skills in order to manipulate and control the utensils while eating. Balancing on a bicycle and pedaling a bicycle do require some physical coordination, but not necessarily fine motor skills. Hitting a tennis ball requires gross motor skills and hand-eye coordination.

Question 7

Mark is a six-year-old boy who cannot distinguish between the sounds of "b," "d," and "p." He faces problems at school as it creates confusion and impairs reading ability. In this scenario, Mark has problems with _____.

Accepted Answer

Mark's difficulty in distinguishing between similar sounds like "b," "d," and "p" is related to phonological processing, which involves the ability to recognize and manipulate sounds in language.

Question 8

Kurt is a 10-year-old boy. He gets poor grades at school because he cannot differentiate between different words and letters, especially while speaking. In this scenario, Kurt most likely has problems in the _____.

Accepted Answer

The angular gyrus is involved in language processing, including reading and writing. Difficulty in differentiating words and letters suggests a problem in this area.

Question 9

David, a 13-year-old boy, often feels a tightness in his chest that makes it very difficult for him to breathe. This also stops him from participating in sports activities like running and swimming. David is most likely suffering from _____.

Accepted Answer

David's symptoms of chest tightness and difficulty breathing, especially during physical activities, are characteristic of asthma, a condition that affects the airways and can lead to breathing difficulties.

Question 10

Dennis, a 12-year-old boy, often goes out of breath while doing simple tasks such as climbing the stairs. He has difficulty talking and starts wheezing when asked to do so for long periods of time. Dennis often has difficulty sleeping because he starts wheezing whenever he lies down. Daryl is most likely suffering from _____.

Accepted Answer

Dennis's symptoms of wheezing, shortness of breath, and difficulty breathing during physical activities and while lying down are characteristic of asthma, a condition that affects the airways and causes breathing difficulties.

Question 11

Samuel, a 14-year old, suffers from dyslexia. He goes to a regular school, but has a special seat that makes it easier for him to listen to his teachers and discuss his queries with them. This scenario illustrates the process of _____.

Accepted Answer

Mainstreaming is the practice of placing students with special needs in regular education classrooms, with appropriate accommodations, to ensure they receive the same educational opportunities as their peers. Samuel's situation of attending a regular school with special accommodations fits this description.

Question 12

__________is a stimulant used in the treatment for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Accepted Answer

Ritalin is a commonly prescribed stimulant medication for treating symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It works by increasing levels of dopamine in the brain, which helps to improve focus and concentration. Epinephrine is another type of stimulant, but it is not typically used to treat ADHD. Rhodopsin and melanin are not stimulants and are not used to treat ADHD.

Question 13

Which of the following is an accommodation strategy for disabled children?

Accepted Answer

Mainstreaming is an accommodation strategy where disabled children are integrated into regular classrooms and provided with necessary support to meet their special needs. This strategy focuses on providing equal opportunities for disabled students and promoting inclusion in the classroom. Conserving, seriation, and assimilating are cognitive development strategies that are not directly related to accommodating disabled children in the classroom.

Question 14

Which of the following activities requires gross motor skills?

Accepted Answer

Gross motor skills involve the large muscles of the body and are required for activities like climbing stairs, which involve movement and coordination of the legs and core muscles.

Question 15

Which of the following is the brain chemical that promotes the brain's control over more primitive functions?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine is the brain chemical that promotes the brain's control over more primitive functions. It is involved in many processes related to behavior, including motivation, reward, and addiction. It helps regulate movement and emotional responses, and plays a key role in the brain's reward system.

Question 16

A child is most likely to be overweight if:

Accepted Answer

Consuming a lot of food with high sugar content is a significant risk factor for becoming overweight, as it can lead to excessive calorie intake and poor nutrition.

Question 17

Which of the following physiological changes occurs during middle childhood years?

Accepted Answer

During middle childhood, children experience refined sensorimotor abilities as their motor skills become more coordinated and precise.

Question 18

Which of the following statements suggests that dyslexia has a genetic component to it?

Accepted Answer

Option D clearly indicates that dyslexia has a genetic component, as it states that a significant percentage of children with a dyslexic parent are also dyslexic. This suggests that the condition can be inherited. The other options provide information about the prevalence and symptoms of dyslexia, but do not necessarily suggest a genetic link.

Question 19

Which of the following activities primarily involves a fine motor skill?

Accepted Answer

Fine motor skills involve the coordination of small muscles, typically in the hands and fingers, such as using chopsticks to eat.

Question 20

Seven-year-old George, who possesses average academic abilities, is problematic in class. He disturbs other children while they study. He has irregular sleep patterns. He shows no interest in activities that require concentration. In this scenario, George is most likely suffering from _____.

Accepted Answer

George's symptoms, such as disturbing others, irregular sleep patterns, and lack of interest in activities requiring concentration, align with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Quiz 11: Middle Childhood: Physical Development