Question 1

With archival research,

Accepted Answer

Archival research involves analyzing existing data or records, which typically do not allow for control over variables or manipulation, making it difficult to establish causality.

Question 2

What are some disadvantages to doing telephone interviewing?

Accepted Answer

(1) potentially biased sample researcher is unable to evaluate nonverbal behavior of participants

Question 3

Leslie and Charlie observe children on a playground and note instances of aggression displayed by the children. They have engaged in what kind of research?

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation involves observing people in their natural environment without interfering with their behavior.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a potential problem associated with archival research?

Accepted Answer

Archival research typically does not face significant challenges in obtaining IRB approval, as it often involves analyzing existing data without direct interaction with human subjects.

Question 5

The overarching purpose of this research was to assess whether having contact with gay men and lesbians affected attitudes toward gay men and lesbians. Why is this an ex post facto study?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The overarching purpose of this research was...

Question 6

According to your text, "You find a research idea when you identify a gap in the current knowledge base…" . What was the gap in the knowledge base, according to the authors?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to your text, "You find a...

Question 7

Research methods that do not involve the manipulation of any variables are called

Accepted Answer

Descriptive research methods involve observing and describing behavior without manipulating any variables.

Question 8

What is the goal of naturalistic observation?

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation aims to describe behavior in its natural setting and identify variables and their relationships without manipulating the environment.

Question 9

Descriptive research methods

Accepted Answer

Descriptive research methods focus on observing and describing behavior without manipulating any variables, unlike experimental methods which involve manipulation to assess causality.

Question 10

How does qualitative research differ from other nonexperimental research, such as descriptive research methods, correlational studies, and surveys?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative research is less narrow because it focuses on exploring phenomena in depth and understanding the meaning behind them, rather than just measuring or describing them quantitatively.

Question 11

The researchers chose to do telephone surveys for this research. Describe some advantages to this approach.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The researchers chose to do telephone surveys...

Question 12

What is one potential problem associated with the naturalistic observation method?

Accepted Answer

The presence of a researcher in naturalistic observation can influence participants' behavior, as they may act differently if they know they are being observed.

Question 13

Salhany and Roig (2004) analyzed course catalogues found on the Internet in order to examine differences in academic misconduct policies across different universities. They conducted a(n)

Accepted Answer

An archival study involves analyzing existing records or data, such as course catalogues, to investigate research questions.

Question 14

What kind of survey is used in this study: descriptive or analytic? How do you know?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What kind of survey is used in...

Question 15

When researchers answer their research questions by using data recorded by other individuals, it is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

An archival study involves analyzing existing data collected by others, such as historical records, documents, or previously gathered datasets.

Question 16

The criteria for being included as a participant in the study was as follows: (a) have a telephone, (b) be 18 years of age or older, (c) live in the contiguous 48 states, and (d) speak English. Do you think the authors obtained a random sample of such individuals? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The criteria for being included as a...

Question 17

Would this research be classified as single-strata, cross-sectional, or longitudinal? How do you know?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Would this research be classified as single-strata,...

Question 18

Selective deposit refers to

Accepted Answer

Selective deposit refers to the omissions or biases in archival data that occur because the data collected is not under the control of the researcher, leading to incomplete or skewed records.

Question 19

Archival data can be found

Accepted Answer

Archival data can be found in libraries, online, and in real life, as it encompasses historical records and documents stored in various formats and locations.

Question 20

Dana conducts a study in which she compares the graffiti on the walls of male and female restrooms. Dana has conducted an

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dana conducts a study in which she...

Quiz 4: Nonexperimental Methods: Descriptive Methods, Correlational Studies, Ex Post Facto Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sampling, and Basic Research Strategies