Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a strategy to increase the response rate of mail surveys?

Accepted Answer

Providing very little information about the study in the cover letter is not a strategy to increase response rates; instead, a well-informed participant is more likely to respond.

Question 2

Which of the following represents the BEST way to word this question?

Accepted Answer

This wording is neutral and does not lead the respondent towards a particular answer, unlike the other options which imply a bias or assumption.

Question 3

Researchers often use a panel of judges to assess the _______ validity of their test items.

Accepted Answer

Content validity is assessed by having experts evaluate whether test items represent the construct being measured.

Question 4

The degree to which the score on a test or inventory corresponds with another measure of the designated trait is known as _________ validity.

Accepted Answer

Concurrent validity refers to the degree to which the score on a test or inventory corresponds with another measure of the designated trait, typically measured at the same time.

Question 5

Interrater reliability is used to determine the __________ validity of a test or inventory.

Accepted Answer

Interrater reliability is used to assess the consistency of different raters' evaluations, which is related to content validity as it ensures that the test measures the intended content consistently across different evaluators.

Question 6

The extent to which test items actually represent the type of material they are supposed to represent refers to ___________ validity.

Accepted Answer

Content validity refers to the degree to which test items accurately represent the material or domain they are intended to cover.

Question 7

All of the following are disadvantages of telephone interviews EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Telephone surveys can actually provide a less biased sample compared to mail surveys, as they can reach a broader demographic and are not limited by literacy or access to mail.

Question 8

_________ validity is established by comparing the score on a test with future score on another test.

Accepted Answer

Criterion validity is established by comparing the score on a test with future scores on another test, specifically predictive validity, which is a type of criterion validity.

Question 9

Which of the following is an advantage of mail surveys?

Accepted Answer

Mail surveys can be distributed to a large audience efficiently and cost-effectively, making them advantageous for reaching many respondents.

Question 10

Kimberly's new depression scale correlates positively with psychologists' ratings of their patients' depression. Kimberly's depression scale shows high

Accepted Answer

The answer of Kimberly's new depression scale correlates positively with...

Question 11

All of the following are advantages of personal interviews EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Personal interviews are typically slower compared to other methods like online surveys or telephone interviews, as they require scheduling and conducting face-to-face meetings.

Question 12

Which of the following is an advantage of telephone interviews?

Accepted Answer

Telephone interviews make it easier to create a random sample because researchers can use random digit dialing to reach a wide and varied audience.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of mail surveys?

Accepted Answer

Mail surveys can be sent out to a large number of recipients, making it possible to reach a wide audience.

Question 14

____________ reliability measures agreement between judges on a test item, whereas ____________ reliability measures agreement between observers of behavior.

Accepted Answer

Interrater reliability measures the agreement between judges or raters on a test item, while interobserver reliability measures the agreement between observers of behavior.

Question 15

Researchers have found that SAT scores predict first-semester grade point average. This demonstrates _________ validity.

Accepted Answer

Criterion validity is the extent to which a test predicts a specific criterion, such as job performance or academic achievement. In this case, the SAT scores are predicting first-semester grade point average, which is a criterion.

Question 16

________ refers to the extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure.

Accepted Answer

Validity refers to the extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure.

Question 17

Dale wants to ensure that he has a high response rate for his survey. Which method would be best?

Accepted Answer

Personal interviews generally have higher response rates because they involve direct interaction, making it harder for respondents to refuse participation.

Question 18

Veronica intended to develop a test to measure locus of control, but it actually measures self-esteem. Veronica's test has low

Accepted Answer

Validity refers to the extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure. Since Veronica's test measures self-esteem instead of locus of control, it has low validity.

Question 19

"What is your age?" This question falls under the category of ________ data.

Accepted Answer

The question "What is your age?" is asking for demographic data, which includes information about characteristics of a population such as age, gender, income, etc.

Question 20

All of the following are disadvantages of personal interviews EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Personal interviews typically have a high response rate, as they involve direct interaction with the respondent.

Quiz 4: Nonexperimental Methods: Descriptive Methods, Correlational Studies, Ex Post Facto Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sampling, and Basic Research Strategies