Question 1

Taste involves a complex mixture of different receptors for particular classes of compounds that can be present in food. Describe how taste receptors are able to detect the four primary tastes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Taste involves a complex mixture of different...

Question 2

Auditory information is transmitted through the medial geniculate nucleus in the thalamus to the cortex.

Accepted Answer

This is true. The medial geniculate nucleus is a thalamic relay nucleus that processes auditory information and sends it to the auditory cortex.

Question 3

Describe the neural pathway of vision from the photoreceptor to the primary visual cortex. How are we able to perceive the three- dimensional character of the world around us?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the neural pathway of vision from...

Question 4

Nociceptors play an important role in protecting us from damaging stimuli. Describe the two types of pain and the difference between discriminative and affective pain. Describe the gate- control theory of pain modulation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nociceptors play an important role in protecting...

Question 5

The response of every sensory receptor is governed by the law of specific nerve energies. Explain this law and its consequence for a receptor's response to low- and high- intensity stimuli, along with the general process of sensory transduction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The response of every sensory receptor is...

Question 6

All receptors, by definition, must transduce the energy from a stimulus into an electrical signal before that information can be sent to the central nervous system. Once that electrical signal is generated, how does the brain decode the type, intensity, duration, and location of a stimulus?

Accepted Answer

The answer of All receptors, by definition, must transduce the...

Question 7

Describe the process involved in focusing an image onto the retina for objects near and far and how that process is controlled. Identify the two common defects in our ability to focus light on the retina and how they can be fixed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the process involved in focusing an...

Question 8

We generally do not perceive information transmitted by visceral afferents.

Accepted Answer

Visceral afferents are responsible for transmitting information from internal organs to the central nervous system. This information is usually not consciously perceived by individuals, as it is regulated by the autonomic nervous system. However, there may be occasions where visceral sensations, such as pain or fullness, may be perceived consciously.

Question 9

Within the inner ear are several structures that are involved in equilibrium and balance. Describe these structures and how they are able to detect changes in velocity and direction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Within the inner ear are several structures...

Question 10

Photoreceptive cells are located within the retina. Describe the general structure and the cells present within the retina, and how light is converted into electrical energy within rods and cones.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Photoreceptive cells are located within the retina....

Question 11

What are the components of sound that are detected within the ear, and how does that sound reach the inner ear where it is transduced into electrical energy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the components of sound that...

Question 12

Modulation of sensory information as it is transmitted from receptors to the cerebral cortex can only occur at synapses.

Accepted Answer

Synapses are the sites where transmission of sensory information can be modulated through various means such as release of inhibitory or excitatory neurotransmitters, feedback mechanisms, and modulation by other neurons. Therefore, modulation of sensory information can only occur at synapses.

Question 13

The primary interface between the body and the external environment is the skin. Thus, a variety of receptors exist within the skin for the detection of our external environment. List the three classes of receptors found in the skin (with an example of each with its function), and the pathways that those stimuli must follow to reach the somatosensory cortex.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The primary interface between the body and...

Quiz 10: The Nervous System: Sensory Systems