Question 1

Describe the distortions of the five shortcut methods of judging others.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the distortions of the five shortcut...

Question 2

Three elements of an attitude attribution are consensus, consistency, and dissonance.

Accepted Answer

The three elements of an attitude attribution are consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness, not dissonance. Dissonance refers to a concept in cognitive dissonance theory, which is about the discomfort experienced when holding conflicting cognitions.

Question 3

Compare and contrast the Big 5 personality dimensions and the four dimensions of the Myers- Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). How do these two sets of measures differ? Which would you use to assess personality in organizations? Why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the Big 5 personality...

Question 4

A country's culture should influence the dominant personality characteristics of its population.

Accepted Answer

Cultural norms, values, and practices shape individuals' behaviors, attitudes, and personality traits, leading to dominant characteristics that are prevalent within the population of a particular country.

Question 5

Machiavellianism describes the degree to which people are poised, calm, resilient, and secure.

Accepted Answer

Machiavellianism actually refers to a personality trait centered around manipulation, exploitation of others, and a focus on self-interest and deception, rather than being about poise and resilience.

Question 6

Attribution theory suggests that when we observe an individual's behavior, we attempt to determine whether it was internally or externally caused.

Accepted Answer

Attribution theory indeed focuses on how people interpret and attribute the cause of others' behavior to either internal dispositions or external situations.

Question 7

Holland's model argues that satisfaction is highest and turnover is lowest when personality and occupation are in agreement.

Accepted Answer

Holland's theory of career choice suggests that people are more likely to be satisfied and remain in a job when their personality traits align with the demands and rewards of the occupation, leading to a better person-environment fit.

Question 8

According to the five factor model of personality, self- control and locus of control are the same trait.

Accepted Answer

The Five Factor Model of personality, also known as the Big Five, consists of five broad trait dimensions: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism. Self-control is often considered a facet of Conscientiousness, while locus of control is a separate psychological concept that describes the degree to which people believe they have control over the outcome of events in their lives.

Question 9

Low self- monitors have a high behavioral consistency between who they are and what they do.

Accepted Answer

Low self-monitors tend to behave consistently across different situations because their behavior is guided more by their internal beliefs and values than by external circumstances.

Question 10

Internal- external locus of control is not a dimension of personality used by the Myers- Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).

Accepted Answer

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) focuses on preferences in how people perceive the world and make decisions, not on internal vs. external locus of control.

Question 11

What is the Myers- Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), and how is it used in business?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the Myers- Briggs Type Indicator...

Question 12

When there is inconsistency between an individual's attitude and behavior, he or she tends to correct it by altering either the attitude or the behavior or by developing a rationalization for the discrepancy.

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon is known as cognitive dissonance, where individuals strive to maintain consistency between their attitudes and behaviors, and when inconsistencies arise, they may change their attitudes, behaviors, or rationalize the discrepancy to reduce the discomfort caused by the dissonance.

Question 13

The Big- Five factors are extroversion, cooperativeness, dependability, enthusiasm, and imagination.

Accepted Answer

The Big Five personality traits are openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.

Question 14

Discuss Holland's research on personality- job fit.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss Holland's research on personality- job fit....

Quiz 8: Foundations of Individual and Group Behavior