Question 1

The is the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is in fact false, and should be rejected.

Accepted Answer

The power of a test is the probability of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false.

Question 2

In cross- tabs, the introduction of a third variable can .

Accepted Answer

The introduction of a third variable in cross-tabs can have various effects: it might show no change in the initial association (A), refine or clarify the relationship (B), or reveal that the initial association was spurious (C). Therefore, all options are correct.

Question 3

is a test statistic that measures the association between two ordinal- level variables. It makes an adjustment for ties and is most appropriate when the table of variable is square.

Accepted Answer

Tau b is a test statistic that measures the association between two ordinal-level variables, adjusts for ties, and is most appropriate for square tables.

Question 4

The median is an appropriate measure of central tendency for data.

Accepted Answer

The median is suitable for ordinal data because it represents the middle value in a ranked order, which is meaningful for ordinal scales.

Question 5

The is a skewed distribution whose shape depends solely on the number of degrees of freedom. As the number of degrees of freedom increases, the distribution becomes more symmetrical.

Accepted Answer

The chi-square distribution is skewed, and as the degrees of freedom increase, it becomes more symmetrical.

Question 6

The is a statistic that assumes that the variable has a symmetric bell- shaped distribution and the mean is known (or assumed to be known) and the population variance is estimated from the sample.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The is a statistic that assumes that...

Question 7

The tendency of the deviations from the mean to be larger in one direction than in the other is called .

Accepted Answer

Skewness refers to the asymmetry in the distribution of data, where deviations from the mean are larger in one direction than the other.

Question 8

The value obtained by summing all elements in a set and dividing by the number of elements is the .

Accepted Answer

This is the formula for calculating the mean or average of a set of data.

Question 9

A nonparametric test that analyzes the differences between the paired observations, taking into account the magnitude of the differences is the .

Accepted Answer

The Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test is a nonparametric test that analyzes the differences between paired observations, making it an appropriate choice for analyzing correlated data. It takes into account both the direction and magnitude of the differences, making it a good choice for data that are not normally distributed or have outliers. The other tests listed are also nonparametric and appropriate for analyzing correlated data, but they have specific use cases that may not apply depending on the nature of the data being analyzed.

Question 10

Also known as beta error, occurs when the sample results lead to the nonrejection of a null hypothesis that is in fact false.

Accepted Answer

Type II error, also known as beta error, occurs when the null hypothesis is not rejected even though it is false.

Question 11

The is a univariate hypothesis test using the t distribution, which is used when the standard deviation is unknown and the sample size is small.

Accepted Answer

The t-test is a univariate hypothesis test used when the standard deviation is unknown and the sample size is small.

Question 12

The is the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean, expressed as a percentage, and it is a unitless measure of relative variability.

Accepted Answer

The coefficient of variation is defined as the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean, expressed as a percentage. It is a measure of relative variability that allows for comparison of variability between datasets with different units of measurement. The other options - standard deviation, variance, and interquartile range - do not account for the mean and therefore do not provide a relative measure of variability.

Question 13

Which statement is not true concerning the t distribution?

Accepted Answer

The t distributions are symmetric and not skewed to the left. As the degrees of freedom increase, the t distribution becomes more similar to the normal distribution.

Question 14

is an average of the two asymmetric lambda values. It does not make an assumption about which variable is dependent.

Accepted Answer

Symmetric lambda is an average of the two asymmetric lambda values and does not assume which variable is dependent.

Question 15

A Kolmogorov- Smirnov one- sample test was conducted. The largest absolute difference between the observed and normal distribution was K = 0.222. The sample size was only 30 therefore, the approximate formula was used and the critical value for K was 0.248. Because the calculated value of K is than the critical value, the null hypothesis be rejected.

Accepted Answer

The calculated value of K (0.222) is smaller than the critical value (0.248), so the null hypothesis cannot be rejected.

Question 16

The tests the goodness of fit of the observed number of observations in each category to the number expected under a specified binomial distribution.

Accepted Answer

The binomial test is used to determine if the observed number of successes in a sample is consistent with a specified binomial distribution.

Question 17

For the parametric case, involving proportions for two independent samples, the null and alternative hypotheses are . A) H₀: a₁²= a₂²H₁: a₁²× a₂²

Accepted Answer

The answer of For the parametric case, involving proportions for...

Question 18

The is used as a measure of the strength of association in the special case of a table with two rows and two columns (a 2 × 2 table).

Accepted Answer

The phi coefficient is specifically used to measure the strength of association in 2x2 contingency tables.

Question 19

Nonparametric tests are not available in .

Accepted Answer

Excel does not have built-in nonparametric tests, whereas SPSS, MINITAB, and SAS have capabilities for performing nonparametric tests.

Question 20

In the parametric case of means for two independent samples, the hypotheses take which form? A) H₀: a₁²= a₂²H₁: a₁²× a₂²

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the parametric case of means for...

Quiz 15: Frequency Distribution, Crosstabulation, and Hypothesis

The is the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is in fact false, and should be rejected.

In cross- tabs, the introduction of a third variable can .

is a test statistic that measures the association between two ordinal- level variables. It makes an adjustment for ties and is most appropriate when the table of variable is square.

The median is an appropriate measure of central tendency for data.

The is a skewed distribution whose shape depends solely on the number of degrees of freedom. As the number of degrees of freedom increases, the distribution becomes more symmetrical.

The is a statistic that assumes that the variable has a symmetric bell- shaped distribution and the mean is known (or assumed to be known) and the population variance is estimated from the sample.

The tendency of the deviations from the mean to be larger in one direction than in the other is called .

The value obtained by summing all elements in a set and dividing by the number of elements is the .

A nonparametric test that analyzes the differences between the paired observations, taking into account the magnitude of the differences is the .

Also known as beta error, occurs when the sample results lead to the nonrejection of a null hypothesis that is in fact false.

The is a univariate hypothesis test using the t distribution, which is used when the standard deviation is unknown and the sample size is small.

The is the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean, expressed as a percentage, and it is a unitless measure of relative variability.

Which statement is not true concerning the t distribution?

is an average of the two asymmetric lambda values. It does not make an assumption about which variable is dependent.

The tests the goodness of fit of the observed number of observations in each category to the number expected under a specified binomial distribution.

For the parametric case, involving proportions for two independent samples, the null and alternative hypotheses are . A) H₀: a₁²= a₂²H₁: a₁²× a₂²

The is used as a measure of the strength of association in the special case of a table with two rows and two columns (a 2 × 2 table) .

Nonparametric tests are not available in .

In the parametric case of means for two independent samples, the hypotheses take which form? A) H₀: a₁²= a₂²H₁: a₁²× a₂²

Quiz 15: Frequency Distribution, Crosstabulation, and Hypothesis

The is the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is in fact false, and should be rejected.

In cross- tabs, the introduction of a third variable can .

is a test statistic that measures the association between two ordinal- level variables. It makes an adjustment for ties and is most appropriate when the table of variable is square.

The median is an appropriate measure of central tendency for data.

The is a skewed distribution whose shape depends solely on the number of degrees of freedom. As the number of degrees of freedom increases, the distribution becomes more symmetrical.

The is a statistic that assumes that the variable has a symmetric bell- shaped distribution and the mean is known (or assumed to be known) and the population variance is estimated from the sample.

The tendency of the deviations from the mean to be larger in one direction than in the other is called .

The value obtained by summing all elements in a set and dividing by the number of elements is the .

A nonparametric test that analyzes the differences between the paired observations, taking into account the magnitude of the differences is the .

Also known as beta error, occurs when the sample results lead to the nonrejection of a null hypothesis that is in fact false.

The is a univariate hypothesis test using the t distribution, which is used when the standard deviation is unknown and the sample size is small.

The is the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean, expressed as a percentage, and it is a unitless measure of relative variability.

Which statement is not true concerning the t distribution?

is an average of the two asymmetric lambda values. It does not make an assumption about which variable is dependent.

The tests the goodness of fit of the observed number of observations in each category to the number expected under a specified binomial distribution.

For the parametric case, involving proportions for two independent samples, the null and alternative hypotheses are . A) H0: a12 = a22 H1: a12 × a22

The is used as a measure of the strength of association in the special case of a table with two rows and two columns (a 2 × 2 table) .

Nonparametric tests are not available in .

In the parametric case of means for two independent samples, the hypotheses take which form? A) H0: a12 = a22 H1: a12 × a22

For the parametric case, involving proportions for two independent samples, the null and alternative hypotheses are . A) H₀: a₁²= a₂²H₁: a₁²× a₂²

In the parametric case of means for two independent samples, the hypotheses take which form? A) H₀: a₁²= a₂²H₁: a₁²× a₂²