Question 1

High-fiber diets are
A) recommended for infants after 4 months of age.
B) recommended for infants after 6 months of age.
C) not recommended for infants.
D) recommended for breastfed infants only.

Accepted Answer

High-fiber diets are not recommended for infants because their digestive systems are not yet mature enough to handle a high amount of fiber. Infants primarily need nutrients found in breast milk or formula.

Question 2

Children on the autism spectrum are at risk for nutritional deficiencies because
A) they are prone to selective eating behaviors.
B) they commonly experience GI problems, such as diarrhea.
C) they may follow overly-restrictive diets in an attempt to treat their disorder.
D) All of these are reasons children with ASD are at nutritional risk.

Accepted Answer

Children on the autism spectrum may face nutritional deficiencies due to a combination of factors, including selective eating behaviors, gastrointestinal issues like diarrhea, and adherence to overly restrictive diets aimed at managing their condition. These factors can collectively contribute to a higher risk of nutritional deficiencies.

Question 3

Which of the following is an appropriate feeding philosophy for children?
A) Parents should be responsible for choosing how much and when the child should eat.
B) Parents should present a variety of nutritious food choices and avoid making the dinner table into a battleground.
C) Children should be forced to eat what is good for them.
D) Parents should present nutritious food choices and not worry about their own eating habits.

Accepted Answer

Parents should offer a variety of nutritious foods and create a positive mealtime environment without pressuring children, which helps develop healthy eating habits.

Question 4

Federally funded programs, such as Team Nutrition, promote
A) good dental hygiene.
B) a vegetarian lifestyle.
C) total avoidance of fats and sweets.
D) early development of healthy eating and exercise habits.

Accepted Answer

Team Nutrition is a program designed to instill early development of healthy eating and exercise habits in children, supported by the USDA. It focuses on improving the nutrition and physical activity practices in schools and child care settings.

Question 5

The nutrient needs of preschool children are relatively great, so it may be important to
A) serve bigger portions at meals.
B) provide vitamin supplements.
C) withhold liquids until after meals.
D) serve snacks daily in addition to meals.

Accepted Answer

Preschool children have high energy and nutrient needs for their size, which may not always be met during meal times due to their small stomach capacity. Serving healthy snacks daily in addition to meals can help meet these needs by providing additional opportunities for nutrient intake throughout the day.

Question 6

For infants (up to 12 months of age), the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends
A) limiting fruit juice consumption to 6 fluid ounces per day.
B) limiting fruit juice consumption to 8 fluid ounces per day.
C) limiting fruit juice consumption to 4 fluid ounces per day.
D) no fruit juice.

Accepted Answer

For infants up to 12 months of age, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends no fruit juice. This is because fruit juice offers no nutritional benefit for infants under 1 year and can contribute to weight problems and dental health issues.

Question 7

Crystal wants to help her preschool daughter, Violet, to eat more vegetables. Which of the following strategies could she try?
A) Crystal should show Violet that she likes vegetables.
B) Crystal should offer Violet new vegetables along with familiar foods.
C) Crystal should avoid overcooking vegetables.
D) All of these are strategies to encourage preschoolers to eat vegetables.

Accepted Answer

Modeling healthy eating habits, introducing new vegetables in a familiar context, and ensuring vegetables are prepared in an appealing manner are all effective strategies to encourage preschoolers to eat more vegetables.

Question 8

Which of the following are strategies to prevent early childhood caries?
A) Do not put an infant to sleep with a bottle filled with breast milk or infant formula.
B) Begin weaning an infant from bottle to cup around 12 months of age.
C) Discuss the need for fluoride supplementation with a pediatrician or dentist.
D) All of these are ways to prevent early childhood caries.

Accepted Answer

All of the listed strategies are recommended to prevent early childhood caries. Not putting an infant to sleep with a bottle helps avoid prolonged exposure to sugars from milk or formula, which can lead to tooth decay. Weaning from a bottle to a cup around 12 months reduces the risk of liquid pooling around the teeth, which can also cause decay. Discussing fluoride supplementation with a healthcare provider can help ensure the child receives an appropriate amount of fluoride for dental health.

Question 9

Iron-deficiency anemia in the latter part of infancy is associated with
A) a diet containing few solid foods.
B) a diet dominated by commercial infant cereals.
C) medicinal iron supplements.
D) a diet dominated by carbohydrates.

Accepted Answer

Iron-deficiency anemia in the latter part of infancy is often associated with a diet containing few solid foods. Solid foods, especially those rich in iron like meat and fortified cereals, are important for meeting an infant's iron needs as they grow. A diet lacking in these can lead to iron-deficiency anemia.

Question 10

Feeding problems may develop during the preschool years partially because of
A) decreased appetite associated with decreased growth rate.
B) increased appetite associated with increased growth rate.
C) increased metabolic rate.
D) increased need for finger foods.

Accepted Answer

During the preschool years, children's growth rate slows down compared to their infant years, which often leads to a decreased appetite. This natural decrease in growth rate and corresponding appetite can contribute to feeding problems as children may become more selective or less interested in eating.

Question 11

Which foods would you suggest adding to the diet of a preschool child at risk for iron deficiency?
A) Lean meats
B) Milk
C) Orange juice
D) Egg whites

Accepted Answer

Lean meats are rich in heme iron, which is easily absorbed by the body, making them a good choice for preventing iron deficiency.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is true?
A) Autism spectrum disorder can both affect and be affected by nutritional status.
B) Nutritional interventions are useless in the treatment of ASD.
C) Food allergens may contribute to ASD by altering cardiovascular system function.
D) Research shows a causal link between childhood vaccinations and ASD.

Accepted Answer

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can indeed both affect and be affected by nutritional status. Individuals with ASD may have restricted eating habits or sensory sensitivities that influence their nutritional intake, and conversely, nutritional status can impact the severity of ASD symptoms. Nutritional interventions can be beneficial in managing ASD symptoms for some individuals, debunking the claim that they are useless. There is no scientific evidence supporting a causal link between childhood vaccinations and ASD, and the idea that food allergens contribute to ASD by altering cardiovascular system function is not supported by mainstream research in the context of ASD's primary mechanisms.

Question 13

Preschool children should be encouraged to try new foods. If a child is reluctant to do so, it is best to
A) ask that he or she at least taste it.
B) withhold dessert until what is on the plate is eaten.
C) quietly remove it and never try again.
D) encourage other family members to coax him or her to eat.

Accepted Answer

Asking a child to at least taste new foods is a gentle and effective approach to encourage them to try new things without applying excessive pressure or creating negative associations with mealtime.

Question 14

A gluten-free, casein-free diet, omega-3 fatty acid supplements, and probiotics are nutritional interventions under study for their potential to help children with
A) childhood obesity.
B) autism spectrum disorder.
C) preventing chronic diseases in adulthood.
D) increasing longevity.

Accepted Answer

These nutritional interventions are being researched for their potential benefits in managing symptoms or improving conditions for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The gluten-free, casein-free diet, omega-3 fatty acid supplements, and probiotics are considered by some to possibly help with behavioral and physiological symptoms associated with ASD.

Question 15

Weight gain between the ages of 2 and 5 is about ________ pounds per year.
A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20

Accepted Answer

Children typically gain about 5 pounds per year between the ages of 2 and 5.

Question 16

Which of the following is true about snacks?
A) Healthy snack choices help children to meet their high caloric requirements.
B) Snacks should be viewed as small, nutrient-dense meals.
C) Distractions should be limited while snacking to prevent mindless eating.
D) All of these are true statements about snacks.

Accepted Answer

All the statements provided about snacks are true. Healthy snack choices can indeed help children meet their high caloric requirements, as children are often very active and have high energy needs. Viewing snacks as small, nutrient-dense meals rather than just treats or indulgences can help ensure that snacks contribute positively to one's diet, providing essential nutrients. Limiting distractions while snacking is also important to prevent mindless eating, which can lead to overeating and negatively impact one's health.

Question 17

For toddlers (ages 1 to 3 years), the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends
A) limiting fruit juice consumption to 6 fluid ounces per day.
B) limiting fruit juice consumption to 8 fluid ounces per day.
C) limiting fruit juice consumption to 4 fluid ounces per day.
D) no fruit juice.

Accepted Answer

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends limiting fruit juice consumption for toddlers (ages 1 to 3 years) to 4 fluid ounces per day.

Question 18

Which of the following practices may help to reduce lead exposure?
A) Allowing cold water to run from the tap for 2 to 3 minutes after a long period of inactivity
B) Consuming a variety of whole grains, lean meats, and low-fat dairy products
C) Ensuring adequate iron, zinc, calcium, thiamin, and vitamin E intakes
D) All of these strategies may help to reduce lead exposure.

Accepted Answer

All of these strategies can help reduce lead exposure. Letting cold water run can flush out lead that may have leached into water from pipes. A diet rich in certain nutrients can help reduce lead absorption in the body.

Question 19

Having an adequate iron and calcium status helps to reduce ________ absorption.
A) saturated fat
B) sugar
C) bacteria
D) lead

Accepted Answer

Having an adequate iron and calcium status helps to reduce lead absorption. Iron competes with lead for absorption in the digestive system, and calcium can decrease lead absorption by providing an alternative mineral for absorption, thus reducing the amount of lead that gets absorbed into the bloodstream.

Question 20

Which of the following are true statements about snacks for preschool children?
A) Nutrient-dense snacks make an important contribution to overall nutrient intake.
B) Snacks are appropriate if timed so that appetite is not impaired at meals.
C) Snacks can assist in introducing children to new foods.
D) All of these are true statements about snacks.

Accepted Answer

All the statements provided are true regarding snacks for preschool children. Nutrient-dense snacks contribute significantly to their overall nutrient intake, proper timing of snacks ensures they do not impair appetite at meal times, and snacks can be a useful tool in introducing new foods to children.

Quiz 15: Nutrition From Infancy Through Adolescence

High-fiber diets are

Children on the autism spectrum are at risk for nutritional deficiencies because

Which of the following is an appropriate feeding philosophy for children?

Federally funded programs, such as Team Nutrition, promote

The nutrient needs of preschool children are relatively great, so it may be important to

For infants (up to 12 months of age) , the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends

Crystal wants to help her preschool daughter, Violet, to eat more vegetables. Which of the following strategies could she try?

Which of the following are strategies to prevent early childhood caries?

Iron-deficiency anemia in the latter part of infancy is associated with

Feeding problems may develop during the preschool years partially because of

Which foods would you suggest adding to the diet of a preschool child at risk for iron deficiency?

Which of the following statements about autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is true?

Preschool children should be encouraged to try new foods. If a child is reluctant to do so, it is best to

A gluten-free, casein-free diet, omega-3 fatty acid supplements, and probiotics are nutritional interventions under study for their potential to help children with

Weight gain between the ages of 2 and 5 is about ________ pounds per year.

Which of the following is true about snacks?

For toddlers (ages 1 to 3 years) , the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends

Which of the following practices may help to reduce lead exposure?

Having an adequate iron and calcium status helps to reduce ________ absorption.

Which of the following are true statements about snacks for preschool children?