Question 1

As part of a smoking cessation program,Paul receives an injection of a nausea-inducing drug and is then asked to smoke a cigarette.As a result,Paul reduces the number of cigarettes he smokes per day.Which of the following behavioral therapies has been implemented on Paul in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

The therapy implemented on Paul is aversive conditioning, which involves pairing an unpleasant stimulus (in this case, the nausea-inducing drug) with a behavior (smoking), in order to decrease the frequency of that behavior. In this case, the unpleasant response to smoking makes Paul less likely to continue smoking, thus reducing the number of cigarettes he smokes per day.

Question 2

The first step in systematic desensitization is to:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The first step in systematic desensitization is...

Question 3

Which of the following individuals would be benefitted from systematic desensitization?

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a behavioral therapy technique used to treat phobias and anxiety disorders. Rudy, who has a specific phobia of closed spaces, could benefit from this intervention. The other options mentioned in the question may require different treatment approaches.

Question 4

Ann has a phobia of lizards.During her first therapy session,her therapist asks her to think of all the fears that she has and arranges them in a hierarchy.According to this information,which of the following behavioral therapies has been implemented by Ann's therapist?

Accepted Answer

The therapy technique that has been implemented by Ann's therapist is systematic desensitization. In this therapy, the therapist helps the patient create a hierarchy of fears and then gradually exposes them to these fears in a safe and controlled environment. The aim of this therapy is to reduce the patient's anxiety and fear response over time. Aversive conditioning involves pairing a negative stimulus with an undesired behavior to reduce the likelihood of that behavior occurring again. Applied behavioral analysis focuses on changing behavior through positive reinforcement. Self-instructional method involves teaching patients to manage their thoughts and feelings by using self-talk.

Question 5

Which of the following individuals would be benefitted from client-centered therapy?

Accepted Answer

Client-centered therapy is most effective for individuals experiencing mild to moderate mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. Therefore, Sidney who is suffering from mild depression could benefit from this type of therapy. Agoraphobia, sleep apnea, and autism are better treated with other types of therapy such as exposure therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and behavioral therapy, respectively.

Question 6

Which of the following is a part of the process of systematic desensitization?

Accepted Answer

Relaxation exercises are a key component of the systematic desensitization process, which aims to help individuals overcome phobias and fears by gradually exposing them to anxiety-provoking situations while providing relaxation techniques to reduce anxiety. Hypnosis, cognitive restructuring, and dream analysis are not typically utilized in systematic desensitization.

Question 7

Which of the following individuals would be benefitted from aversive conditioning?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following individuals would be...

Question 8

Frank has been visiting Dr.Miller,a therapist,for the past two months to overcome his spider phobia.During the sessions,Dr.Miller has first asked Frank to describe what it is about spiders that frightens him.His fears have been then arranged in order from the least to the most frightening.Miller has taught Frank the muscle relaxation exercise and has exposed him to a series of increasingly fearful stimuli.In the context of behavioral therapies,it can be inferred that Dr.Miller has been conducting _____ on Frank to overcome his spider phobia.

Accepted Answer

The therapy described in the scenario where Dr. Miller helped Frank overcome his spider phobia by exposing him to a series of increasingly fearful stimuli and teaching him muscle relaxation exercises is an example of systematic desensitization, which is a form of exposure therapy commonly used in behavioral therapy. The other options (aversion therapy and social skills training) are not applicable in this scenario.

Question 9

Justin is an 8-year-old boy who suffers from autism.He has been brought to Sasha,a behavioral therapist,by his mother for his constant self-harming behavior.According to this scenario,which of the following techniques is likely to be implemented by Sasha to curb Justin's self-harming behavior?

Accepted Answer

Applied behavioral analysis (ABA) is a technique commonly used for individuals with autism to reduce undesired behaviors and increase desired behaviors. It involves breaking down complex behaviors into smaller achievable steps and using positive reinforcement techniques to reward desired behaviors. This is likely to be the best choice for addressing Justin's self-harming behavior. Free association and client-centered therapy are more commonly used in psychotherapy for verbal individuals and may not be effective for addressing behavior directly. Aversive conditioning involves pairing a negative stimulus with an unwanted behavior, which is not an ethical approach and is not recommended for individuals with autism.

Question 10

Jane is afraid of crowds.If her therapist uses systematic desensitization technique,Jane will be asked to:

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a technique used in behavior therapy to help individuals overcome phobias and anxiety disorders. In this technique, the person is gradually exposed to the feared object or situation while learning relaxation techniques. Therefore, the best choice from the given options would be D, which suggests learning how to relax. Jane will learn relaxation techniques so that when she is gradually exposed to crowds, she can remain calm and reduce her fear gradually.

Question 11

The therapy that is based on the assumption that psychological problems are due to self-defeating and irrational thoughts is:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy is centered around the idea that psychological problems stem from self-defeating and irrational thoughts. It aims to identify and modify these negative thought patterns to improve mental well-being. Humanistic psychotherapy focuses on promoting self-awareness, acceptance, and personal growth. Operant conditioning is a type of behavior modification where behaviors are shaped through reinforcement or punishment. Psychoanalysis focuses on exploring unconscious conflicts and emotions to gain insight into psychological problems.

Question 12

Megan has a fear of public speaking and therefore visits a behavioral therapist to help her overcome this fear.Which of the following techniques should be implemented by the therapist to resolve Megan's fear?

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a technique used in behavioral therapy to reduce anxiety and phobia. It involves gradually exposing the person to the feared stimuli while teaching relaxation techniques to manage anxiety. In Megan's case, the therapist can start with imagining public speaking scenarios and then gradually progress to actually speaking in front of a small group of people. This approach helps Megan overcome her fear and gain confidence in public speaking. Dream analysis, aversive conditioning, and client-centered therapy are not appropriate techniques to address Megan's fear of public speaking.

Question 13

In systematic desensitization,after the client has mentioned about the most and the least frightening aspects of the feared situation,the very next step involves:

Accepted Answer

The answer of In systematic desensitization,after the client has mentioned...

Question 14

Which of the following questions is a behavioral therapist more likely to ask rather than a psychoanalyst?

Accepted Answer

Behavioral therapists focus on observable behaviors and actions rather than delving into unconscious thoughts and emotions, which is the focus of psychoanalysis. Therefore, they are more likely to ask questions that relate to specific behaviors or actions, such as the reduction of anxiety after washing hands, as seen in choice D.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true of behavior therapies?

Accepted Answer

Behavior therapies assume that insight is irrelevant to the goal of treatment, as opposed to other types of therapies like psychodynamic therapies that emphasize the importance of insight and self-awareness. Instead, behavior therapies focus on changing problematic behaviors through the use of action-oriented strategies. While some behavior therapies may involve building self-awareness and focusing on the person's own abilities to make changes, the overall emphasis is on observable behavior and not on underlying thoughts or emotions.

Question 16

If a therapist gives Henry,who is suffering from alcoholism,a drink laced with a nausea-inducing drug so that he feels like throwing up after drinking the alcohol,it can be concluded that the therapist is implementing the technique of _____.

Accepted Answer

The therapist is using aversive conditioning by pairing the alcohol with a negative experience (nausea) in order to decrease Henry's desire to drink.

Question 17

Which of the following therapies is based on the principles of classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a therapy based on the principles of classical conditioning. It involves pairing relaxation techniques with gradually increasing exposure to a feared stimuli in order to reduce anxiety or phobic responses. Self-instructional method is based on cognitive-behavioral principles, applied behavioral analysis is based on operant conditioning principles, and dream analysis is a psychoanalytic therapy.

Question 18

Which of the following features distinguishes humanistic therapies from psychodynamic therapies?

Accepted Answer

Humanistic therapies emphasize the importance of conscious thoughts and experiences in the present moment, as well as the individual's inherent worth and capacity for self-fulfillment. In contrast, psychodynamic therapies place greater emphasis on the role of unconscious processes and past experiences in shaping an individual's behavior and mental health. The concept of transference, which refers to the patient projecting their feelings and experiences onto the therapist, is a key element of psychodynamic therapy but is not emphasized in humanistic approaches. The humanistic perspective assumes that individuals are capable of making positive changes and growing towards self-actualization, whereas psychodynamic theories often view mental illness as resulting from unresolved conflicts or traumas.

Question 19

A cognitive therapist helps a client who suffers from a major depressive disorder by:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy focuses on identifying and challenging irrational and negative beliefs that contribute to depression. By helping the client recognize and reframe these beliefs, they can experience relief from depressive symptoms. Systematic desensitization (A) is a technique used to treat phobias, not major depressive disorder. While exploring childhood experiences (D) may provide insight and context, it is not the primary focus of cognitive therapy for depression. Analyzing unconscious conflicts from the past (C) is more characteristic of psychodynamic therapy than cognitive therapy.

Question 20

Which of the following individuals is undergoing systematic desensitization?

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a therapeutic technique used to treat phobias by gradually exposing the individual to the feared object or situation while they remain relaxed. Sam, who is being asked to visualize spiders, is the only individual who is undergoing this technique.

Quiz 16: Therapies